Download or read book Quantitative Assessment of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Composition Using MRI written by Sharon Clarke and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantitative Assessment of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Composition Using MRI written by Sharon Clarke and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging Parameters for Evaluation of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque written by Catherine Steffel and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability throughout the world. Clinicians recognize that carotid atherosclerotic plaque can be a contributing cause of stroke; however, clinical methods for characterizing carotid plaque with ultrasound are semi-quantitative, and tools are needed to assess plaque composition in asymptomatic individuals who have not yet suffered a stroke or other cerebrovascular event. To examine carotid plaque composition noninvasively and overcome some of these limitations, researchers have developed standardized quantitative ultrasound (QUS) methods based on brightness-mode (B-mode) images and radiofrequency (RF) echo signals. Our research group has been involved in this effort by developing signal processing approaches and evaluating QUS parameters. Some primary challenges of computing QUS parameters, particularly in vivo, are plaques' small sizes and heterogeneous composition. Algorithms developed in recent years reportedly minimize QUS estimation variance in simulation, phantom studies, and biological tissue. The primary goal of the research presented in this dissertation was to adapt some of these new signal processing approaches to carotid plaque assessment and develop and validate subsequent QUS parameters. As part of this work, we applied an optimum power spectral shift estimation (OPSSE) method to RF echo signal data and computed attenuation coefficient and attenuation-corrected integrated backscatter parameters in plaque in vivo and ex vivo. Then, we compared our results to those from a reference phantom method (for in vivo attenuation coefficient estimation only) and to ground-truth assessments of plaque composition (whole plaque surgical scores, assessments of single representative sections of histopathology, and 3D reconstructions of histopathology whole slide images [for ex vivo only]). Our results demonstrated that the OPSSE method may provide QUS estimates with lower variance, fewer nonphysical estimates, and high spatial resolution. Further, attenuation coefficient and attenuation-corrected integrated backscatter parameters correlated with cholesterol, calcium, thrombus, ulceration, hemorrhage, hemosiderin, and inflammation content in plaque and could discriminate among plaque scores. Together, our results suggest that the applied signal processing approaches and developed QUS parameters may provide information about plaque composition that has not been revealed through other parameters and indices obtained as part of our study. This dissertation contributes to a growing body of QUS research that will guide future development of an accurate and reliable tool for assessing risk of plaque rupture or stroke by plaque echogenicity changes.
Download or read book Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography written by Andre J. Duerinckx and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the clinical applications of coronary angiography techniques. Coronary MRA can be instrumental in the evaluation of congenital coronary artery anomalies, however, the complexity of advanced MR pulse sequences and strategies may be overwhelming to many. Coronary MR Angiography demystifies the art of coronary MRA by providing a text in plain language with clearly illustrated imaging steps and protocols. Designed to bridge the gap between radiology and cardiology, it is written for physicians and scientists planning to incorporate this technique into their research or practice.
Download or read book Non invasive Imaging of Atherosclerotic Plaque Prior to Percutaneous Interventional Procedures written by Gary Y. H. Liew and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atherosclerosis is a disease which has impacted our health like no other in the last half century. The detection of this disease range from biomarkers, stress-testing to invasive imaging by way of angiography or other intravascular methods. In recent years, technological developments in multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has allowed us to visualize atherosclerotic plaque noninvasively. This has great appeal as they carry very little risk in comparison to invasive angiography and provide information of plaque composition in addition to stenosis severity. The identification of plaques which are high-risk or 'vulnerable' to subsequent complications such as myocardial infarction or stroke would be highly valuable in our approach to incremental risk assessment and perhaps future treatment. Certain procedures in interventional cardiology such as saphenous vein graft (SVG) intervention and carotid stenting carry increased risk of embolic complications compared to coronary stenting. Non-invasive imaging could potentially identify certain plaque features which may be associated with an increased risk of embolization before embarking on such procedures. This thesis examines the utility of MDCT and MRI in atherosclerotic plaque imaging prior to SVG interventions and carotid stenting. Our initial chapter investigates the angiographic parameters associated with embolization during SVG intervention. We correlate the amount of debris captured by distal protection devices during intervention with angiographic markers and subsequently, with impaired blood flow by way of Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) frame count. Our next step involved the accuracy and reproducibility of MDCT and MRI in plaque quantification in comparison to our reference standard of intravascular ultrasound. We measured the luminal, vessel wall and plaque areas, and then calculated the resultant plaque volume of SVG lesions for all three modalities. Having gained an understanding of the accuracy of MDCT and MRI, we investigated the relationships of MDCT plaque volume and density with embolic debris captured by distal protection device during SVG intervention. We then undertook histological assessment of the debris utilizing semi-automated image analysis software. We quantified the various plaque components including red blood cells, thrombus, lipid, cholesterol clefts and fibrous tissue. Finally, we explored the relationship between the histological findings with plaque volume, density and amount of embolization which occurred. Our last original chapter investigates the utility of multi-weighted MRI to assess carotid plaque prior to stenting. We measured plaque volumes and characterized plaques as calcific, fibrotic or lipidic according to MRI findings. This information is then correlated to the amount of embolic debris captured by the distal protection device used during stenting. In comparison to invasive imaging modalities like intravascular ultrasound, research into plaque characterization by MDCT and MRI is just beginning. Almost all of the current studies have been on coronary artery plaques. This thesis breaks new ground by studying SVG plaques and demonstrating links between plaque volume, composition and embolization during intervention. It builds on our knowledge of these non-invasive modalities and help us define their future roles.
Download or read book The Vulnerable Plaque Second Edition written by Ron Waksman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-06-13 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since publication of the First Edition, advances in the diagnosis and prevention and treatment strategies of the vulnerable plaque have necessitated this greatly expanded second edition. With several new chapters covering mainly diagnostic and treatment options, The Handbook of the Vulnerable Plaque will remain the benchmark text for all interventional cardiologists treating vulnerable patients by providing the physician with comprehensive insight into the world of the vulnerable plaque.
Download or read book Automated Image Segmentation and Registration of Vessel Wall MRI for Quantitative Assessment of Carotid Artery Vessel Wall Dimensions and Plaque Composition written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Manual of Neurosonology written by László Csiba and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurosonology is non-invasive, portable, and has excellent temporal resolution, making it a valuable and increasingly popular tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological conditions when compared to other imaging techniques. This guide looks beyond the use of neurovascular ultrasound in stroke to encompass a wide range of other neurological diseases and emergencies. It offers a practical approach to the examination of patients, interpretation of ultrasound studies, and the application of neurosonology to the development of management and treatment strategies. Each chapter incorporates a thorough and clear procedural methodology alongside scanning tips for trainees; this step-by-step approach is further enhanced by example images and focused diagnostic questions. Authored and edited by international experts, this practical manual of neurosonology is an invaluable resource for neurologists, neurosurgeons, intensivists, radiologists, and ultrasonographers.
Download or read book Associations Between Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detected Intraplaque Hemorrhage and Carotid Artery Atherosclerotic Plaque Components in Mild to Severe Stenotic Non surgical Patients written by Bowen Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stroke represents a major cause of death globally. One major cause of stroke is atherosclerosis, especially when developed in carotid arteries. Certain plaque components, such as intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC), calcification, and high vessel wall (VW) volume are critical determinants for the stability of a plaque and can now be identified noninvasively with multicontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This thesis examined the feasibility of using a standardized multicontrast MRI protocol in a multicenter setting with only clinically available hardware and software and showed over 90% of patients had acceptable quality images to allow study of plaque components quantitatively. This thesis also examined the quantitative relationship of IPH with other plaque components. Specifically, the volume of IPH was significantly associated with volume of VW and LRNC but not calcification. Our results provided quantitative insights of IPH and may facilitate the planning of future multicenter endeavors studying carotid atherosclerosis.
Download or read book Three dimensional Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque written by Jianmin Yuan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multidetector Row CT Angiography written by Roberto Passariello and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-08-02 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multidetector-row CT has dramatically improved the results of computed tomography in all clinical applications, but its beneficial impact has been most striking in vascular imaging. The simplicity of acquisition and the wide availability of equipment make this modality especially suitable for routine clinical application. In this book the basic aspects of multidetector-row CT angiography are comprehensively reviewed. Individual chapters are included on technical principles, image processing techniques and contrast agent administration. All clinical applications are then discussed in depth, with lucid descriptions of the examination technique for particular clinical indications and of the findings that characterize specific diseases. Limitations and advantages in comparison with other imaging modalities are considered. A large number of high-quality black and white and color illustrations help to explain the clinical findings.
Download or read book Clinical Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis written by M. G. Bond and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the product of a February 1982 conference, cosponsored by the American Heart Association, the National Institutes of Health, and the Bowman Gray School of Medicine, which examined techniques for delineating quantitatively the natural history of atherosclerosis. Against the background of current pathologic and clinical knowledge of atherosclerosis, invasive and noninvasive evaluative methods now in use and under development are surveyed in depth. Correlative clinicopathologic studies of atherosclerosis pose special questions with respect to both luminal and plaque characteristics that are addressed in this volume. An old observa tion, based on the examination of arterial casts, suggested that the so-called nodose lesion of atherosclerosis may be at first flattened into the wall of a weakened, dilated artery, rather than raised into the lumen. This is now fully confirmed in vivo by ultrasonic and other imaging techniques. The morbid anatomist is challenged anew to describe lesions as they are likely to occur in vivo. To achieve closer correlation with natural conditions, perfu sion fixation of arteries under arterial pressure is becoming more widely used and has already demonstrated more valid quantita tion of the composition and configuration of lesions. While the noninvasive methods of B-mode and Doppler ultrasound are suitable only for the clinical study of superficial arteries, such as the carotid or femoral, the new and relatively noninvasive procedure of intravenous digital subtraction angio graphy can be effectively used for the examination of deep systems, such as cerebral vessels.
Download or read book Coronary Angioscopy written by Kyoichi Mizuno and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-03 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a thorough review of coronary angioscopy, ranging from instructions on its use to the latest advances. Starting with the structure and fundamental principles of angioscopy, it shows readers how to apply the image to comprehensive care of coronary-artery patients. Plentiful color photos and illustrations will enable readers to investigate and classify plaques and thrombi and to evaluate coronary stent- and drug-based therapies. The authors are leading researchers on angioscopy. This book offers the perfect guide not only for new clinicians but also for cardiologists who have already adopted this technique for medical examination and treatment. Angioscopy is a unique medical technique for visualizing the interior of blood vessels and helps physicians not only to diagnose the pathology but also to measure the effectiveness of Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or antiarteriosclerotic drugs. Furthermore, the recently developed molecular angioscopy approach allows us to observe Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxide, collagen, and macrophages, and is rapidly growing in importance.
Download or read book Plaque Imaging written by Jasjit S. Suri and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication starts of with a review of plaque imaging techniques, with an introduction of the segmentation techniques for plaque classification and quantification. Many aspects of plaque imaging techniques are presented in this publication, such as; medical image retrieval and database management, MRI techniques to differentiate stable versus high risk atherosclerosis, composition and morphology of atherosclerotic plaque, analysis of the soft tissue based on computer vision techniques, modelling of coronary artery biomechanics, Cardiac CT for the assessment of cardiovascular pathology with an emphasis on the detection of coronary atherosclerosis, technical and practical issues regarding coronary atherosclerotic plaque imaging by CT (focussing on coronary calcium imaging), feasibility of a non-invasive, in vivo determination of the IBS of arterial wall tissue, high resolution ultrasound images of carotid plaques, the problem of reliable features extraction and classification process and a discussion on advanced mathematical techniques to extract spectral information from the RF data to determine the plaque composition.
Download or read book Atherosclerotic Plaques written by Robert W. Wissler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The philosophy of this NATO Advanced Research Workshop and the monograph it has yielded is that if you put a small number of very talented and creative scientists of different backgrounds and documented accomplishments together in a cloistered place for a few days to consider a very important and timely topic, many new ideas will be generated. The keynote of this conference was the Future. By this we mean the expected future developments of highly reliable sequential quantitative measurements of atherosclerotic plaque size and components in living human subjects. Some of the best minds and the most experienced and talented individuals at the leading edges of imaging of arteries were involved; some of the best scientists and students of the atherosclerotic plaque and its components participated; and some of the leading investigators of the cell biology or, as we call it in the USA, the pathobiology of atherosclerosis, contributed important new information. All of these individuals were actively involved in the conference and each obviously had carefully prepared and was able to communicate effectively.
Download or read book Intracranial Atherosclerosis written by Jong S. Kim and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-26 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intracranial atherosclerosis is the dominant cause of stroke inover 70% of the world’s population. Globalization is leadingto an increasingly heterogeneous society everywhere. Advances inimaging techinology allow this previously inaccessible pathology tobe clinically studied. Edited by internationally renowned clinicians, IntracranialAtherosclerosis is the first book to examine intracranialcauses of stroke. Clinical practice is allied with basic science toguide all those with an interest in stroke on the diagnosis andmanagement of intracranial atherosclerosis.
Download or read book Carotid Artery Plaques written by Michael Hennerici and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
