Download or read book Vanadium Oxide Anion Clusters written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early transition metal oxide clusters have been a focus of study for several years. The production of vanadium oxide cluster anions in a pulsed helium flow reactor provides a relatively precise way of introducing defect sites and controlling the oxidation state of the vanadium atoms. The composition of the clusters can be changed from the V2O5 stoichiometry, where the vanadium atom is in a +5 oxidation state, to more reduced stoichiometries yielding a mixture of oxidation states containing atoms in the +2 oxidation state. The subsequent addition of reactant gases such as H2O and SO2 yields very intense adsorption reactions as well as a demonstration of the robustness of particular defect free clusters. For example, the cluster has been identified as a defect free cluster where all vanadium atoms are in the +5 oxidation state and all oxygen atoms are predicted to be in the 2- state. The cluster has been shown to not adsorb SO2- while clusters in a reduced oxidation state, such as and readily adsorb one or more SO2 molecules. The adsorption process has been shown to be size dependent, with the smallest monovanadium oxide anions being the most reactive.

Download or read book Gaseous Vanadium Vanadium Oxide and Hydroxide Clusters written by Sandra Feyel and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2008 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present work explores the reactivities of gaseous vanadium, vanadium-oxide, and oxovanadium-hydroxide clusters toward methanol and small hydrocarbons. Various means of mass-spectrometric techniques, isotopic labeling studies, infrared photodissociation spectroscopy, and complementary DFT-calculations are employed for this purpose. Additionally, the hydrogen-atom abstraction process from methane by polynuclear metal oxides is discussed. This work contributes to a better understanding of the metal-oxide cluster's catalytic activity on a molecular scale.

Download or read book Computational Studies of the Structure of Vanadium Oxide Clusters and Their Reactions with Halocarbons written by Yin Wei and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vanadium oxides are key industrial catalysts in the oxidation and functionalization of various chemical compounds, and studies of gas-phase vanadium oxide clusters provide an avenue to explore the reactive sites implicated in surface catalysis. An extensive amount of experimental data has been reported on the gas-phase fragmentation of vanadium oxide cluster ions and their reactions with environmentally-relevant halocarbons. Our computational studies aim at further understanding the structure and properties of vanadium oxide clusters, as well as their reactivity towards fluorocarbons. Accordingly, we report a systematic density-functional theory (DFT) study of the structural and electronic properties of V x O y + and V x O y clusters, and investigate their reactions with CH 2 F 2 and CH 3 CF 3 by DFT calculations. Our results suggest that both B3LYP/TZVP and PLAP4/DZVP+aux. are appropriate model chemistries to investigate vanadium oxide clusters, but the latter is less computationally intensive, and thus more suitable for large clusters. Stable ground-state and low-lying excited-state structures and their electronic properties are obtained for both V x O y + and V x O y (x = 1-4, y = 1-10) clusters with the PLAP4/DZVP+aux. model chemistry. The molecular structures and electronic properties of large polyvanadium oxide clusters are systematically investigated and reported for the first time. The reaction of V 2 O 4 + with fluorocarbons was investigated with the B3LYP/TZVP model chemistry. Oxygen transfer and stepwise HF abstraction from the fluorocarbon are observed in the reactions of V 2 O 4 + with CH 2 F 2 and CH 3 CF 3, respectively. These reaction mechanisms help explain why larger clusters such as V 4 O 8 + were observed to be chemically inert towards CH 2 F 2, while the reactivity of V x O y + cluster ions towards CH 3 CF 3 was not found to depend on cluster size experimentally.

Download or read book Atomic Clusters written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-05-24 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic Clusters: From Gas Phase to Deposited brings together a series of chapters, prepared by acknowledged experts in their fields. Both fundamental and practical aspects are addressed of the physics and chemistry of a novel state of matter, namely clusters of small numbers of atoms of nanometre dimensions. This is a field of nanoscience that existed before the word was invented, but has particularly achieved major advances in the recent years. * Contributions from leading experts in solid surfaces research* Cluster science is concerned with the properties of materials on the nano-metre scale* Brings together work on both free (gas-phase) clusters and those deposited on surfaces

Download or read book The Chemistry of Vanadium Niobium and Tantalum written by R. J. H. Clark and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chemistry of Vanadium, Niobium and Tantalum gives a comprehensive discussion on the discovery, origin, and metallurgical aspects of vanadium, niobium, and tantalum. A section is also focused on the nuclear properties, as well as the physical and chemical properties of each compound. The history and distribution of vanadium, niobium, and tantalum are explored, along with the purification and extraction procedures of the said elements. The book also explores the derivative compounds such as the alloys, hydride, halides, and oxides. Another section of the book is focused on the physical and chemical modifications of the elements that generate such by-products as the cyanides, hydroxides, and sulfides. Different complexes of the elements such as halogeno- and oxyhalogeno-complexes are discussed in detail. The organometallic chemistry of niobium, tantalum, and vanadium are also identified. The book will be a useful tool for chemical engineers, chemical scientists, and students in the field of chemistry.

Download or read book Clusters And Nano assemblies Physical And Biological Systems written by Purusottam Jena and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005-05-09 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the field of clusters and nano-structures in the physical sciences has been actively pursued only over the past two decades, nature has known the benefits of the nanoscale for a very long time. The focus of the International Symposium on Clusters and Nano-Assemblies: Physical and Biological Systems was to explore ways in which an understanding of the unique properties of nano-scale biological systems such as proteins, enzyme reactions, RNA, and DNA can help us design novel materials composed of inorganic nano-scale systems, and how techniques developed in the physical sciences can lead to a fundamental understanding of biological systems. Bringing together the expert contributions from the conference, this book deals with the fundamental science and technology of atomic clusters, nano-structures and their assemblies in physical and biological systems. It explores in fascinating detail the manner in which finite size, low dimensionality, and reduced symmetry affect the properties of nano-assemblies.

Download or read book Group 13 Chemistry I written by H.W. Roesky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-08-25 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade our view of chemistry has evolved substantially. Whereas individual researchers previously focused on specific areas of chemistry, such as inorganic, organic, etc. we now take a more holistic approach. Effective and efficient research projects now incorporate whatever aspects of the chemistry subdisciplines that are needed to complete the intended work. The main group elements have always been used in this manner. Depending on the use of the elements, the resulting work can be described under any heading of chemistry. The group 13 elements have been special in this regard due to the very unique characters of the constituent elements. Thus, there is a dramatic change in the properties of the elements when proceeding through the series, B, A1, Ga, In, T1. This difference is one of the main reasons why these elements have seen, and continue to see, such widespread usage in such disparate applications as organic synthesis, electronic and structural materials, and catalysis, to name but a few.

Download or read book Clusters Contemporary Insight in Structure and Bonding written by Stefanie Dehnen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-23 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical structure and bonding. The scope of the series spans the entire Periodic Table and addresses structure and bonding issues associated with all of the elements. It also focuses attention on new and developing areas of modern structural and theoretical chemistry such as nanostructures, molecular electronics, designed molecular solids, surfaces, metal clusters and supramolecular structures. Physical and spectroscopic techniques used to determine, examine and model structures fall within the purview of Structure and Bonding to the extent that the focus is on the scientific results obtained and not on specialist information concerning the techniques themselves. Issues associated with the development of bonding models and generalizations that illuminate the reactivity pathways and rates of chemical processes are also relevant. The individual volumes in the series are thematic. The goal of each volume is to give the reader, whether at a university or in industry, a comprehensive overview of an area where new insights are emerging that are of interest to a larger scientific audience.

Download or read book Polyoxometalates in Catalysis Biology Energy and Materials Science written by Soumyajit Roy and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-05 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Progress in Inorganic Chemistry Volume 50 written by Kenneth D. Karlin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-03-24 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series provides inorganic chemists and materials scientists with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations of advances in every area of the discipline. Volume 50 continues to report recent advances with a significant, up-to-date selection of contributions on topics such as the following: Structural and mechanistic investigations in asymmetric copper; Catalyzed reactions; Phenoxyl radical complexes; Synthesis of large pore zeolites and molecular sieves; Inorganic nanoclusters with fullerene-like structure and nanotubes

Download or read book Organometallic Oxidation Catalysis written by Franc Meyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-22 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many of the processes of oxidation catalysis, species with metal-carbon bonds are formed as key intermediates, and these processes represent the primary focus of this volume. An important aspect covered by some of the contributors is the use of organic ligands to achieve efficient oxidation catalysis. Each volume of "Topics in Organometallic Chemistry" provides a comprehensive summary and critical overview of a specific topic in organometallic chemistry.

Download or read book Metal Clusters and Their Reactivity written by Zhixun Luo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-31 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses current techniques and instrumentation for cluster chemistry. It addresses both the experimental and theoretical aspects of gas-phase metal cluster reactivities, especially those pertaining to pollution removal, energetic reactions and corrosion and anticorrosion. These metal cluster systems have attracted enormous interest as they display a completely new class of physical, chemical, electronic, magnetic and catalytic properties. As these properties change with size and composition, it can thus be understood how their nature evolves from atoms to bulk solids. The book offers readers a basic understanding of the structural chemistry and reactivity of metal clusters in both gas-phase and wet chemistry. Further, the lessons they learn here regarding metal cluster chemistry will prepare researchers for the study of condensed phase dynamics that pertain to wet chemical synthesis, soft-landing deposition and cluster assembly.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry written by John H. Moore and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics introduces possibly unfamiliar areas, explains important experimental and computational techniques, and describes modern endeavors. The encyclopedia quickly provides the basics, defines the scope of each subdiscipline, and indicates where to go for a more complete and detailed explanation. Particular attention has been paid to symbols and abbreviations to make this a user-friendly encyclopedia. Care has been taken to ensure that the reading level is suitable for the trained chemist or physicist. The encyclopedia is divided in three major sections: FUNDAMENTALS: the mechanics of atoms and molecules and their interactions, the macroscopic and statistical description of systems at equilibrium, and the basic ways of treating reacting systems. The contributions in this section assume a somewhat less sophisticated audience than the two subsequent sections. At least a portion of each article inevitably covers material that might also be found in a modern, undergraduate physical chemistry text. METHODS: the instrumentation and fundamental theory employed in the major spectroscopic techniques, the experimental means for characterizing materials, the instrumentation and basic theory employed in the study of chemical kinetics, and the computational techniques used to predict the static and dynamic properties of materials. APPLICATIONS: specific topics of current interest and intensive research. For the practicing physicist or chemist, this encyclopedia is the place to start when confronted with a new problem or when the techniques of an unfamiliar area might be exploited. For a graduate student in chemistry or physics, the encyclopedia gives a synopsis of the basics and an overview of the range of activities in which physical principles are applied to chemical problems. It will lead any of these groups to the salient points of a new field as rapidly as possible and gives pointers as to where to read about the topic in more detail.

Download or read book Clusters written by Minh Tho Nguyen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-31 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of atomic clusters continues to attract great interest amongst physicists and chemists alike. This is in part due to their intrinsic properties and potential industrial applications. The first part of Binary Clusters is devoted to recent developments in experimental techniques, the second part covers a variety of theoretical approaches. Different theoretical methods based on group/graph theories and quantum chemical computational methods as well as various spectroscopy techniques (such as mass, laser, infrared, photoelectron etc.) are applied to the determination of the existence of geometrical and electronic structures, chemical bonding phenomena, and the thermodynamic stabilities of several classes of binary clusters. All chapters within this review volume have been contributed by experts in chemistry, physics, and material sciences based at the University of Leuven, Belgium. This book is aimed at professionals and students working in cluster science.

Download or read book Vanadium Catalysis written by Manas Sutradhar and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vanadium is one of the more abundant elements in the Earth’s crust and exhibits a wide range of oxidation states in its compounds making it potentially a more sustainable and more economical choice as a catalyst than the noble metals. A wide variety of reactions have been found to be catalysed by homogeneous, supported and heterogeneous vanadium complexes and the number of applications is growing fast. Bringing together the research on the catalytic uses of this element into one essential resource, including theoretical perspectives on proposed mechanisms for vanadium catalysis and an overview of its relevance in biological processes, this book is a useful reference for industrial and academic chemists alike.

Download or read book Spin States in Biochemistry and Inorganic Chemistry written by Marcel Swart and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-09-22 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has long been recognized that metal spin states play a central role in the reactivity of important biomolecules, in industrial catalysis and in spin crossover compounds. As the fields of inorganic chemistry and catalysis move towards the use of cheap, non-toxic first row transition metals, it is essential to understand the important role of spin states in influencing molecular structure, bonding and reactivity. Spin States in Biochemistry and Inorganic Chemistry provides a complete picture on the importance of spin states for reactivity in biochemistry and inorganic chemistry, presenting both theoretical and experimental perspectives. The successes and pitfalls of theoretical methods such as DFT, ligand-field theory and coupled cluster theory are discussed, and these methods are applied in studies throughout the book. Important spectroscopic techniques to determine spin states in transition metal complexes and proteins are explained, and the use of NMR for the analysis of spin densities is described. Topics covered include: DFT and ab initio wavefunction approaches to spin states Experimental techniques for determining spin states Molecular discovery in spin crossover Multiple spin state scenarios in organometallic reactivity and gas phase reactions Transition-metal complexes involving redox non-innocent ligands Polynuclear iron sulfur clusters Molecular magnetism NMR analysis of spin densities This book is a valuable reference for researchers working in bioinorganic and inorganic chemistry, computational chemistry, organometallic chemistry, catalysis, spin-crossover materials, materials science, biophysics and pharmaceutical chemistry.

Download or read book Progress in Inorganic Chemistry Volume 43 written by Kenneth D. Karlin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-17 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cutting-edge research and innovative science... PROGRESS in Inorganic Chemistry Hailed by professional chemists as an index of the most influentialand current research being done in inorganic chemistry, Progress inInorganic Chemistry has also enjoyed the reputation as anindispensable working reference. Featuring the work ofinternationally renowned chemists, this newest volume provides aclear, authoritative examination of each critical new advance andinnovative development in inorganic chemistry today. "This series is distinguished not only by its scope and breadth,but also by the depth and quality of the reviews."--Journal of theAmerican Chemical Society "This series is a valuable addition to the library of thepracticing research chemist, and is a good starting point forstudents wishing to understand modern inorganicchemistry."--Canadian Chemical News "[This series] has won a deservedly honored place on the bookshelfof the chemist attempting to keep afloat in the torrent of originalpapers on inorganic chemistry."--Chemistry in Britain CONTENTS OF VOLUME 43 * Oxovanadium and Oxomolybdenum Clusters and Solids IncorporatingOxygen-Donor Ligands (M. Ishaque Kahn, Illinois Institute ofTechnology, and Jon Zubieta, Syracuse University) * The Application of Polychalcogenide Salts to the ExploratorySynthesis of Solid State Multinary Chalcogenides at IntermediateTemperatures (Mercouri G. Kanatzidis and Anthony C. Sutorik,Michigan State University) * Mechanistic and Kinetic Aspects of Transition Metal OxygenChemistry (Andreja Bakac, Iowa State University) * The Chemistry of Metal Complexes with Selenolate and TellurolateLigands (John Arnold, University of California, Berkeley) * Coordination Chemistry with Sterically Hindered Hydrotris(pyrazolyl) borate Ligands: Organometallic and BioinorganicPerspectives (Nobumasa Kitajima, Tokyo Institute of Technology, andWilliam B. Tolman, University of Minnesota) * Metal Complexes of Calixarenes (D. Max Roundhill, TulaneUniversity)