Download or read book The Earth s Heterogeneous Mantle written by Amir Khan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-28 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights and discusses recent developments that have contributed to an improved understanding of observed mantle heterogeneities and their relation to the thermo-chemical state of Earth's mantle, which ultimately holds the key to unlocking the secrets of the evolution of our planet. This series of topical reviews and original contributions address 4 themes. Theme 1 covers topics in geophysics, including global and regional seismic tomography, electrical conductivity and seismic imaging of mantle discontinuities and heterogeneities in the upper mantle, transition zone and lower mantle. Theme 2 addresses geochemical views of the mantle including lithospheric evolution from analysis of mantle xenoliths, composition of the deep Earth and the effect of water on subduction-zone processes. Theme 3 discusses geodynamical perspectives on the global thermo-chemical structure of the deep mantle. Theme 4 covers application of mineral physics data and phase equilibrium computations to infer the regional-scale thermo-chemical structure of the mantle.
Download or read book Heterogeneity in the Crust and Upper Mantle written by John A. Goff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of our knowledge about the physical structure and the chemical composition of the Earth's deep interior is inferred from seismic data. The interpretation of seismic waves generally follows the assumption that the Earth's physical structure is grossly layered and that fluctuations of the physical parameters within individual layers are smooth in structure and small in magnitude. While this view greatly facilitates the analytic and interpretative procedure, it is clearly at odds with evidence from outcrops and boreholes, which indicates that compositional, structural and petrophysical heterogeneity in the Earth prevails over a wide range of scales. This book is the first to unify three different views of crustal and upper mantle heterogeneity. It brings together the geological view, which is derived from the analysis of crustal exposures and deep boreholes; the stochastic view, which attempts to find order and structure in these seemingly chaotic data; and the seismological view, which considers the end product of the complex interaction of seismic energy with the heterogeneous structure at depth. John Goff and Klaus Holliger have compiled chapters that explore and quantify the relationship between geological and petrophysical heterogeneity and its seismic response, and use seismic data to probe the fabric of the Earth's interior. Geologists, geostaticians, and geophysicists alike will benefit from the integrative perspective presented in Heterogeneity in the Crust and Upper Mantle: Nature, Scaling, and Seismic Properties, making this text an unparalleled reference for professionals and students in Earth science fields.
Download or read book The Heterogeneous Upper Mantle written by Oliver S. Boyd and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The X discontinuity written by Stephen Pugh and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mantle Convection and Surface Expressions written by Hauke Marquardt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-07 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multidisciplinary perspective on the dynamic processes occurring in Earth's mantle The convective motion of material in Earth's mantle, powered by heat from the deep interior of our planet, drives plate tectonics at the surface, generating earthquakes and volcanic activity. It shapes our familiar surface landscapes, and also stabilizes the oceans and atmosphere on geologic timescales. Mantle Convection and Surface Expressions brings together perspectives from observational geophysics, numerical modelling, geochemistry, and mineral physics to build a holistic picture of the deep Earth. It explores the dynamic processes occurring in the mantle as well as the associated heat and material cycles. Volume highlights include: Perspectives from different scientific disciplines with an emphasis on exploring synergies Current state of the mantle, its physical properties, compositional structure, and dynamic evolution Transport of heat and material through the mantle as constrained by geophysical observations, geochemical data and geodynamic model predictions Surface expressions of mantle dynamics and its control on planetary evolution and habitability The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Download or read book The Dynamic Structure of the Deep Earth written by Shun-Ichiro Karato and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2003-05-26 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Download or read book Origin of Western United States Upper Mantle Seismic Heterogeneity written by Kenneth Dueker and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals written by Hans Keppler and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 62 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry reviews the recent research in the geochemistry and mineral physics of hydrogen in the principal mineral phases of the Earth's crust and mantle. Contents: Analytical Methods for Measuring Water in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals The Structure of Hydrous Species in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals: Information from Polarized IR Spectroscopy Structural Studies of OH in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals Using NMR Atomistic Models of OH Defects in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals Hydrogen in High Pressure Silicate and Oxide Mineral Structures Water in Nominally Anhydrous Crustal Minerals: Speciation, Concentration, and Geologic Significance Water in Natural Mantle Minerals I: Pyroxenes Water in Natural Mantle Minerals II: Olivine, Garnet and Accessory Minerals Thermodynamics of Water Solubility and Partitioning The Partitioning of Water Between Nominally Anhydrous Minerals and Silicate Melts The Stability of Hydrous Mantle Phases Hydrous Phases and Water Transport in the Subducting Slab Diffusion of Hydrogen in Minerals Effect of Water on the Equation of State of Nominally Anhydrous Minerals Remote Sensing of Hydrogen in Earth's Mantle
Download or read book Large Scale Heterogeneity of the Upper Mantle Inferred from Measurements of Free Oscillations written by James Peter Davis and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Lithosphere written by Irina Artemieva and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a coherent synthesis of lithosphere studies, this book covers a range of geophysical methods (seismic reflection, refraction, and receiver function methods; elastic and anelastic seismic tomography; electromagnetic and magnetotelluric methods; thermal, gravity and rheological models), complemented by petrologic and laboratory data on rock properties. It also provides a critical discussion of the uncertainties, assumptions, and resolution issues that are inherent in the different methods and models of the lithosphere. Multidisciplinary in scope, global in geographical extent, and covering a wide variety of tectonics settings across 3.5 billion years of Earth history, this book presents a comprehensive overview of lithospheric structure and evolution. It is a core reference for researchers and advanced students in geophysics, geodynamics, tectonics, petrology, and geochemistry, and for petroleum and mining industry professionals.
Download or read book Exploring the Melting Behaviour of the Earth s Heterogeneous Upper Mantle written by Anja Rosenthal and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To assess the influence of recycled oceanic crust on the creation of mantle heterogeneities and on the petrogenesis of primitive magmas in homogeneous, buoyant, upwelling peridotite-dominated mantle, high pressure experimental investigations of the melting behaviour of subducted oceanic crust and its residues will be presented. I track a sequential process in which melts are redistributed from the (initially) low temperature melting of average oceanic crust (Spandler et al., 2008), and then from the residues (nominally anhydrous eclogitic compositions) of such subducted oceanic crust (Res2 and REC, this study). This study establishes the phase and melting relations and compositions of reasonable melting residues, which are themselves derived directly from subducted oceanic crust at high pressures and temperatures (GA2; Spandler et al., 2008). In particular, this study has systematically determined the solidus temperatures, phase relations, and partial melt compositions xv during upwelling of both, a residual quartz/coesite-bearing eclogite (Res2) and a residual quartz/coesite-free eclogite (REC) from 5 to 3 GPa and 1500-1200°C.
Download or read book Physics of the Earth written by Frank D. Stacey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-08-28 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of Physics of the Earth maintains the original philosophy of this classic graduate textbook on fundamental solid earth geophysics, while being completely revised, updated, and restructured into a more modular format to make individual topics even more accessible. Building on the success of previous editions, which have served generations of students and researchers for nearly forty years, this new edition will be an invaluable resource for graduate students looking for the necessary physical and mathematical foundations to embark on their own research careers in geophysics. Several completely new chapters have been added and a series of appendices, presenting fundamental data and advanced mathematical concepts, and an extensive reference list, are provided as tools to aid readers wishing to pursue topics beyond the level of the book. Over 140 student exercises of varying levels of difficulty are also included, and full solutions are available online at www.cambridge.org/9780521873628.
Download or read book The Heterogeneity and Volatile Content of Earth s Mantle Magmas and Crust written by Benjamin Macy Urann and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis explores the volatile content of the mantle, subducted oceanic crust, and arc magmas as well as the structure of slow spreading ocean crust and the heterogeneity of Earth’s upper mantle. In Chapter 2, I directly explore the halogen (F and Cl) content of mantle minerals in situ, then use these measurements to assess the halogen content of the upper mantle. In Chapter 3, I investigate the volatile content of Raspas eclogites (SW Ecuador), a proxy for deeply subducted oceanic crust, to evaluate volatile transfer from crustal generation at divergent plate boundaries (e.g., mid-ocean ridges) to recycling of ocean crust at subduction zones. In Chapter 4, I use the H2O content of nominally anhydrous minerals in plutonic arc cumulates to elucidate the H2O content of the melts from which the rocks crystallized. In this way, I assert that primitive arc magmas may contain 4–10 wt.% H2O and through fractional crystallization up to ~20 wt.% H2O, making them far more hydrous than traditional methods (i.e., olivine-hosted melt inclusions) surmise. In Chapter 5, I show that mantle peridotite exposed along the 16°N region of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge originated in an arc setting and has been remixed into subridge mantle, indicating that the sub-ridge mantle is more heterogeneous and depleted than inferences made from mid-ocean ridge basalts suggest. Chapter 6 surveys the life cycle of oceanic core complexes through zircon geochronology and posits an updated framework for understanding the termination of oceanic core complexes, and more broadly oceanic detachment faults. Together, this contribution highlights the chemical heterogeneity of the mantle, and quantifies the full extent of volatiles hosted by mantle and crustal reservoirs.
Download or read book Upper Mantle Heterogeneity from Phase and Amplitude Data of Mantle Waves written by Yun Kuen Wong and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Heterogeneity in the Upper Mantle written by Robert A. Duncan and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deep Carbon written by Beth N. Orcutt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to carbon inside Earth - its quantities, movements, forms, origins, changes over time and impact on planetary processes. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Natural Periodites written by Jean-Claude Christian Mercier and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 1314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
