Download or read book On the Collision Mechanism of Bimolecular Reactions Theory and experimental method for the determination of the velocity spectrum of products from Simple H transfer reactions of the type X H2 right arrow XH H written by A. Henglein and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Collision Mechanism of Bimolecular Reactions written by A. Henglein and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A simple apparatus is described which allows one to measure the velocity spectrum of the XH(+) or XD(+) ions, respectively, resulting from ion-molecule reactions of the type X(+) + H2(D2) forming XH(+) + H(XD(+) + D). The secondary ions are not accelerated after their formation. The incident X(+)-ions have kinetic energies between 20 and 200 cV. Furthermore, the velocity spectra are calculated which have to be expected for different collision models. (1) Complex model: All the atoms in the reactants participate in the collision. Every kind of collision between those limiting cases is conceivable, in which the relative kinetic energy of the reactants and the heat of reaction appear as internal energy of the product ion or as kinetic energy of both products (completely inelastic and elastic collision with atomic rearrangement, respectively). (2) Stripping model: The incident X(+)-particle hits only one atom of the hydrogen molecule in a completely inelastic collision without transfer of momentum to the second hydrogen atom. It is also shown that the cross section of the reaction becomes zero above a certain energy of the incident ion. This critical energy depends on the collision mechanism. It can be measured with the apparatus described. In addition an isotope effect of the order of 2 with respect to the critical energy is expected from the transfer of an H or D atom, respectively.
Download or read book On the Collision Mechanism of Bimolecular Reactions Part I Theory and Experimental Method for the Determination of the Velocity Spectrum of Products from Simple H Transfer Reactions of the Type X H2 to XH H written by A. Henglein and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A simple apparatus is described which allows one to measure the velocity spectrum of the XH(+) or XD(+) ions, respectively, resulting from ion-molecule reactions of the type X(+) + H2(D2) forming XH(+) + H(XD(+) + D). The secondary ions are not accelerated after their formation. The incident X(+)-ions have kinetic energies between 20 and 200 cV. Furthermore, the velocity spectra are calculated which have to be expected for different collision models. (1) Complex model: All the atoms in the reactants participate in the collision. Every kind of collision between those limiting cases is conceivable, in which the relative kinetic energy of the reactants and the heat of reaction appear as internal energy of the product ion or as kinetic energy of both products (completely inelastic and elastic collision with atomic rearrangement, respectively). (2) Stripping model: The incident X(+)-particle hits only one atom of the hydrogen molecule in a completely inelastic collision without transfer of momentum to the second hydrogen atom. It is also shown that the cross section of the reaction becomes zero above a certain energy of the incident ion. This critical energy depends on the collision mechanism. It can be measured with the apparatus described. In addition an isotope effect of the order of 2 with respect to the critical energy is expected from the transfer of an H or D atom, respectively.
Download or read book On the Collision Mechanism of Bimolecular Reactions Investigations of the reaction N2 H2 D2 right arrow N2H H N2D D and CO H2 D2 right arrow COH H COD D written by A. Henglein and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dynamics of Molecular Collisions written by W. Miller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activity in any theoretical area is usually stimulated by new experimental techniques and the resulting opportunity of measuring phenomena that were previously inaccessible. Such has been the case in the area under consideration he re beginning about fifteen years aga when the possibility of studying chemical reactions in crossed molecular beams captured the imagination of physical chemists, for one could imagine investigating chemical kinetics at the same level of molecular detail that had previously been possible only in spectroscopic investigations of molecular stucture. This created an interest among chemists in scattering theory, the molecular level description of a bimolecular collision process. Many other new and also powerful experimental techniques have evolved to supplement the molecular be am method, and the resulting wealth of new information about chemical dynamics has generated the present intense activity in molecular collision theory. During the early years when chemists were first becoming acquainted with scattering theory, it was mainly a matter of reading the physics literature because scattering experiments have long been the staple of that field. It was natural to apply the approximations and models that had been developed for nuclear and elementary particle physics, and although some of them were useful in describing molecular collision phenomena, many were not.
Download or read book Bimolecular Collisions written by M. N. R. Ashfold and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to provide an authoritative and timely review of advances in the field of gas-phase photochemistry and kinetics, this volume contains a collection of papers on biomolecular collisions. Contributors discuss collision processes, reactive processes and association reactions.
Download or read book On the Collision Mechanism of Bimolecular Reactions The stripping mechanism of the reactions Ar H2 D2 right arrow ArH H ArD D at energies 20 eV written by A. Henglein and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Collision Mechanism of Bimolecular Reactions written by K. Lacmann and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Collision Mechanism of Biomolecular Reactions Part III Investigations of the Reaction N2 H2 D2 to N2H H N2D D and CO H2 D2 to COH H COD D written by K. Lacmann and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At moderate kinetic energies up to about 50 eV of the incident ion, the velocity spectra agree with the predictions of the stripping model. At higher energies, the bands of the product ions are shifted to somewhat higher velocities. This indicates preferential forward scattering of the charged reaction product and less conversion of kinetic energy of the incident ion into internal energy of the products. As was expected, the cross sections for the transfer of an H- and D-atom are equal at the same relative kinetic energy. Over a wide range of energy, the cross section depends on the relative kinetic energy as sigma = k1 . c to the ( -k2Es) power. Reactions could still be observed at relative kinetic energies, which are larger than the dissociation energy of the product ion (up to 7 eV for N2H(+) and N2D(+) and up to 10 eV for COH(+) and COD(+)). These details of the collision mechanism are tentatively explained by two hypotheses. (Author).
Download or read book Chemical Kinetics written by Luis Arnaut and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-12-21 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Kinetics bridges the gap between beginner and specialist with a path that leads the reader from the phenomenological approach to the rates of chemical reactions to the state-of-the-art calculation of the rate constants of the most prevalent reactions: atom transfers, catalysis, proton transfers, substitution reactions, energy transfers and electron transfers. For the beginner provides the basics: the simplest concepts, the fundamental experiments, and the underlying theories. For the specialist shows where sophisticated experimental and theoretical methods combine to offer a panorama of time-dependent molecular phenomena connected by a new rational. Chemical Kinetics goes far beyond the qualitative description: with the guidance of theory, the path becomes a reaction path that can actually be inspected and calculated. But Chemical Kinetics is more about structure and reactivity than numbers and calculations. A great emphasis in the clarity of the concepts is achieved by illustrating all the theories and mechanisms with recent examples, some of them described with sufficient detail and simplicity to be used in general chemistry and lab courses. * Looking at atoms and molecules, and how molecular structures change with time. * Providing practical examples and detailed theoretical calculations* Of special interest to Industrial Chemistry and Biochemistry
Download or read book Quantities Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry written by International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Physical and Biophysical Chemistry Division and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prepared by the IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division this definitive manual, now in its third edition, is designed to improve the exchange of scientific information among the readers in different disciplines and across different nations. This book has been systematically brought up to date and new sections added to reflect the increasing volume of scientific literature and terminology and expressions being used. The Third Edition reflects the experience of the contributors with the previous editions and the comments and feedback have been integrated into this essential resource. This edition has been compiled in machine-readable form and will be available online.
Download or read book Proton Transfer Reactions written by E. F. Caldin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Law of Mass Action written by Andrei B. Koudriavtsev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Why are atoms so small?' asks 'naive physicist' in Erwin Schrodinger's book 'What is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell'. 'The question is wrong' answers the author, 'the actual problem is why we are built of such an enormous number of these particles'. The idea that everything is built of atoms is quite an old one. It seems that l Democritus himself borrowed it from some obscure Phoenician source . The arguments for the existence of small indivisible units of matter were quite simple. 2 According to Lucretius observable matter would disappear by 'wear and tear' (the world exists for a sufficiently long, if not infinitely long time) unless there are some units which cannot be further split into parts. th However, in the middle of the 19 century any reference to the atomic structure of matter was considered among European physicists as a sign of extremely bad taste and provinciality. The hypothesis of the ancient Greeks (for Lucretius had translated Epicurean philosophy into Latin hexameters) was at that time seen as bringing nothing positive to exact science. The properties of gaseous, liquid and solid bodies, as well as the behaviour of heat and energy, were successfully described by the rapidly developing science of thermodynamics.
Download or read book Biomolecular Feedback Systems written by Domitilla Del Vecchio and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-26 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an accessible introduction to the principles and tools for modeling, analyzing, and synthesizing biomolecular systems. It begins with modeling tools such as reaction-rate equations, reduced-order models, stochastic models, and specific models of important core processes. It then describes in detail the control and dynamical systems tools used to analyze these models. These include tools for analyzing stability of equilibria, limit cycles, robustness, and parameter uncertainty. Modeling and analysis techniques are then applied to design examples from both natural systems and synthetic biomolecular circuits. In addition, this comprehensive book addresses the problem of modular composition of synthetic circuits, the tools for analyzing the extent of modularity, and the design techniques for ensuring modular behavior. It also looks at design trade-offs, focusing on perturbations due to noise and competition for shared cellular resources. Featuring numerous exercises and illustrations throughout, Biomolecular Feedback Systems is the ideal textbook for advanced undergraduates and graduate students. For researchers, it can also serve as a self-contained reference on the feedback control techniques that can be applied to biomolecular systems. Provides a user-friendly introduction to essential concepts, tools, and applications Covers the most commonly used modeling methods Addresses the modular design problem for biomolecular systems Uses design examples from both natural systems and synthetic circuits Solutions manual (available only to professors at press.princeton.edu) An online illustration package is available to professors at press.princeton.edu
Download or read book BIOS Instant Notes in Physical Chemistry written by Gavin Whittaker and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2000-06-15 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Instant Notes in Physical Chemistry introduces the various aspects of physical chemistry in an order that gives the opportunity for continuous reading from front to back. The background to a range of important techniques is in incorporated to reflect the wide application of the subject matter. This book provides the key to the understanding and learning of physical chemistry.
Download or read book Stochastic Approach to Chemical Kinetics written by Donald Allan McQuarrie and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theory of Chemical Reaction Dynamics written by Antonio Laganà and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-28 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, held in Balatonföldvár, Hungary, 8-12 June 2003
