Download or read book Monitoring Membrane Protein Structural Changes and Interactions Via Deep UV Resonance Raman Spectroscopy written by Mia C. Brown and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane proteins perform a variety of functions within our cells. They transport nutrients and waste across the lipid barrier, transmit signals from one part of the body to another, and run our immune system. However, despite their ubiquitous and vital presence in all organisms, relatively little is known about this class of proteins compared to their soluble counterparts. In this work I have set out to use deep UV resonance Raman (DUVRR) spectroscopy to characterize structural and environmental transitions of proteins and applied the results to studies involving intramembrane proteases and their substrates. DUVRR has been used extensively to observe protein secondary structure. This work contains the results of three main studies I have conducted during my graduate career. In the first I show results from the first experiment to look simultaneously at both secondary and tertiary structure as a protein transitions from a molten globule to ordered state. In the second study tracks the structural and environmental changes of a small peptide as it transitions from a soluble, disordered state through two membrane-bound, structurally ordered states. I was then able to apply the findings of these experiments to study intramembrane proteolysis, wherein I describe substrate characteristics and their interactions with proteases.
Download or read book Deep UV Resonance Raman Spectral Properties of Alpha Helical Membrane Proteins written by Anahita Zare and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane protein function and structure determination is vital for pharmaceutical development and disease prevention. Despite the various methods of protein structure elucidation in use, a need still exists for techniques that are of adequate resolution, rapid, inexpensive, and compatible with the membrane environment of these proteins. Deep UV resonance Raman (dUVRR) spectroscopy is an emerging structurally sensitive spectroscopic technique for analyzing membrane protein structure. The backbone amide modes are resonance enhanced in dUVRR spectra while the membrane's lipid features are not, resulting in strong membrane protein spectral features in near native environments. In order to better define dUVRR spectral features of membrane proteins, a series of model helical peptides, poly(LA)7, were designed. By substituting select residues of the transmembrane region of poly(LA)7, the propensity of helical structure within a membrane has also been studied. Using these model membrane peptides in increasingly dehydrated environments (aqueous, surfactant, and bilayer), hydration depended changes in the spectra are characterized.
Download or read book Ultraviolet Resonance Raman and Fluorescence Studies of Folded and Unfolded Conformations of the Membrane Protein OmpA written by Katheryn Marie Sanchez and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation focuses on the folding dynamics of a bacterial membrane protein, Outer Membrane Protein A (OmpA), using fluorescence and Ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy. Our model [Beta]-barrel membrane protein, OmpA, contains five native anchoring Tryptophan residues. The spectroscopic properties of trp residues are highly sensitive to the local environment, making it an ideal probe for membrane protein folding studies. Utilizing trp fluorescence, refolding studies were performed on single trp mutants of OmpA to determine the thermodynamic stability of these trp mutants. The important noncovalent interactions that promote stability in OmpA are pairwise aromatic interactions and hydrogen bonds with the N1H moiety of trp. Refolding studies were also performed on truncated single-trp mutants, in which the soluble domain of the protein was removed. These studies resulted in increased stability relative to the full-length protein and suggest the absence of the soluble domain may destabilize the unfolded transmembrane domain. Ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy (UVRR) is a powerful vibrational technique that can selectively probe different biological chromophores depending on excitation wavelength. Excitation wavelength dependence studies were performed on OmpA using wavelengths from 206.5 nm - 236.5 nm. This study determined an optimal excitation wavelength of 228-nm to selectively enhance signal from trp residues in OmpA. Additionally, UVRR was used to monitor changes in trp environmental hydrophobicity, hydrogen bonding, and dihedral torsion angle in different conformations of OmpA. The first UVRR spectra were collected of OmpA in a highly scattering environment and show differences in folded and unfolded conformations of the protein, showing the applicability of this technique to study membrane protein folding. UVRR spectra were collected of trp mutants of OmpA at different time points in the folding/insertion process to determine the types of noncovalent interactions with trp residues, and the folding timescales these interactions occur. Our results indicate noncovalent interactions start to form within the first 20 minutes after initiation of folding into DMPC vesicles and continue to show subtle changes over the course of the folding process. Additionally, there is evidence for interactions between trp residues and lipids, inter-residue hydrogen bonding, and amino-aromatic interactions.
Download or read book Deep Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Membrane Proteins written by Christopher Halsey and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biochemical Applications of Raman and Resonance Raman Spectroscopes written by P Carey and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochemical Applications of Raman and Resonance Raman Spectroscopies focuses on the application of Raman and resonance Raman spectroscopies to biochemical problems. The book reviews biological systems and details the application of Raman spectroscopy to biological molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. It also looks at codevelopments of lasers, optics, and electronics that drive advances in experimental Raman spectroscopy, along with the important ramifications of these advances for biochemical applications. This volume is organized into eight chapters and begins with an overview of the theoretical and experimental aspects of Raman spectroscopy, including a very brief explanation of what Raman and resonance Raman spectroscopies are and a discussion of their advantages and disadvantages for biochemical studies. The explanation of the Raman and resonance Raman effects is taken up in more detail in the next chapter, which develops the concept of the vibrational motions of molecules by initially considering mechanical ""ball and spring"" models and goes on to use this concept to formulate a classical model for Raman scattering. The resonance Raman effect is then described by another model which emphasizes the discrete or quantized energy levels available to a molecule. The reader is also introduced to the experimental aspects of Raman spectroscopy and the application of Raman spectroscopy across the entire field of biochemistry. Each chapter contains an outline of the basic chemistry and biochemical nomenclature involved. This book will be of interest to chemists, biochemists, and spectroscopists, as well as graduate students and experienced research workers.
Download or read book Biophotonics Tryptophan and Disease written by Laura A. Sordillo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-10-09 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biophotonics, Tryptophan and Disease is a comprehensive resource on the key role of tryptophan in wide range of diseases as seen by using optics techniques. It explores the use of fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman, imaging techniques and time-resolved spectroscopy in normal and diseased tissues and shows the reader how light techniques (i.e. spectroscopy and imaging) can be used to detect, distinguish and evaluate diseases. Diseases covered include cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and other age-related diseases. Biophotonics, Tryptophan and Disease offers a clear presentation of techniques and integrates material from different disciplines into one resource. It is a valuable reference for students and interdisciplinary researchers working on the interface between biochemistry and molecular biology, translational medicine, and biophotonics. Shows the key role of tryptophan in diseases Emphasizes how optical techniques can be potent means of assessing many diseases Points to new ways of understanding autism, aging, depression, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases
Download or read book Optical Methods for Structure Elucidation of Protein ligand Interactions Fluorescence and Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Spectroscopy written by Silvia Tardioli and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry A H written by John C. Lindon and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia provides coverage of current knowledge in the field of spectroscopy and related areas.
Download or read book Development of Advanced Chemometric Methods for the Analysis of Deep UV Resonance Raman Spectra of Proteins written by John Simpson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra violet resonance Raman (UVRR) is a powerful spectroscopic technique for determining the secondary structural content of proteins in solution. However, the analyses of UVRR spectra can be problematic due to the difficulty of determining the pure secondary structure Raman spectra. The use of multi-excitation datasets can help to alleviate the difficulty in determining the pure secondary structure Raman spectra, but due to increasing spectral resolution as excitation wavelength increases, multi-excitation datasets are notoriously difficult to align spectral features. In addition, the subtraction of the water band can be difficult when relying on an internal intensity standard. To address these difficulties we demonstrate the use of a series of chemometric methods. To determine the pure secondary structure Raman spectra, we demonstrate the use of multivariate curve resolution using the alternating least squares algorithm (MCRALS) with a multi-excitation data set. To alleviate mis-alignment in multi-excitation data, we demonstrate the use of correlation optimized warping (COW). We also propose a new water band subtraction method which will reliably determine the water band concentration and remove it, without an over subtraction. Finally, we demonstrate the use of parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) for the characterization of the behavior of the flavonoid quercetin in solution with the protein bovine serum albumin.
Download or read book Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy written by Ji-Xin Cheng and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-12-04 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy: Techniques and Applications describes innovations in instrumentation, data science, chemical probe development, and various applications enabled by a state-of-the-art stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscope. Beginning by introducing the history of SRS, this book is composed of seven parts in depth including instrumentation strategies that have pushed the physical limits of SRS microscopy, vibrational probes (which increased the SRS imaging functionality), data science methods, and recent efforts in miniaturization. This rapidly growing field needs a comprehensive resource that brings together the current knowledge on the topic, and this book does just that. Researchers who need to know the requirements for all aspects of the instrumentation as well as the requirements of different imaging applications (such as different types of biological tissue) will benefit enormously from the examples of successful demonstrations of SRS imaging in the book. Led by Editor-in-Chief Ji-Xin Cheng, a pioneer in coherent Raman scattering microscopy, the editorial team has brought together various experts on each aspect of SRS imaging from around the world to provide an authoritative guide to this increasingly important imaging technique. This book is a comprehensive reference for researchers, faculty, postdoctoral researchers, and engineers. Includes every aspect from theoretic reviews of SRS spectroscopy to innovations in instrumentation and current applications of SRS microscopy Provides copious visual elements that illustrate key information, such as SRS images of various biological samples and instrument diagrams and schematics Edited by leading experts of SRS microscopy, with each chapter written by experts in their given topics
Download or read book Visualizing Chemistry written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-06-01 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists and engineers have long relied on the power of imaging techniques to help see objects invisible to the naked eye, and thus, to advance scientific knowledge. These experts are constantly pushing the limits of technology in pursuit of chemical imagingâ€"the ability to visualize molecular structures and chemical composition in time and space as actual events unfoldâ€"from the smallest dimension of a biological system to the widest expanse of a distant galaxy. Chemical imaging has a variety of applications for almost every facet of our daily lives, ranging from medical diagnosis and treatment to the study and design of material properties in new products. In addition to highlighting advances in chemical imaging that could have the greatest impact on critical problems in science and technology, Visualizing Chemistry reviews the current state of chemical imaging technology, identifies promising future developments and their applications, and suggests a research and educational agenda to enable breakthrough improvements.
Download or read book Protein Structure and Function written by Gregory A. Petsko and published by New Science Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each title in the 'Primers in Biology' series is constructed on a modular principle that is intended to make them easy to teach from, to learn from, and to use for reference.
Download or read book Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering written by Katrin Kneipp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-21 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost 30 years after the first reports on surface-enhanced Raman signals, the phenomenon of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is now well established. SERS gained particular interest after single-molecule Raman spectroscopy had been demonstrated. This book summarizes and discusses present theoretical approaches that explain the phenomenon of SERS and reports on new and exciting experiments and applications of the fascinating spectroscopic effect.
Download or read book Circular Dichroism and the Conformational Analysis of Biomolecules written by G.D. Fasman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ''Excellent and very timely....It will undoubtedly become a standard reference for the application of circular dichroism (CD) to biomolecules.'' --- Quarterly Review of Biology, March 1997 ''[T]estament to the book's utility is the fact that during the course of my review I had to 'rescue' it from the desks of graduate students on an almost daily basis. In summary, this is a great book.'' --- American Scientist ''Well documented chapters provide a very good insight into the problems surrounding the conformation of biomacromolecules...An indispensible source of information.'' --- Nahrung, 42(2), 1998 Renowned experts present the first state-of-the-art description of circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD). Chapters present in-depth discussions of the history of the field, the theory of CD for application to globular proteins, membrane proteins, peptides, nucleic acids and their interactions, carbohydrates, and instrumentation. Discussions also feature new techniques using synchrotron radiation, vibrational Raman optical activity, and vibrational CD. More than 250 illustrations supplement the text.
Download or read book Protein Self Assembly written by Jennifer J. McManus and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-08-08 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores experimental and computational approaches to measuring the most widely studied protein assemblies, including condensed liquid phases, aggregates, and crystals. The chapters in this book are organized into three parts: Part One looks at the techniques used to measure protein-protein interactions and equilibrium protein phases in dilute and concentrated protein solutions; Part Two describes methods to measure kinetics of aggregation and to characterize the assembled state; and Part Three details several different computational approaches that are currently used to help researchers understand protein self-assembly. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and cutting-edge, Protein Self-Assembly: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for researchers who are interested in learning more about this developing field.
Download or read book Modern Raman Spectroscopy written by Ewen Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reflects the dramatic increase in the number of Raman spectrometers being sold to and used by non-expert practitioners. It contains coverage of Resonance Raman and SERS, two hot areas of Raman, in a form suitable for the non-expert. Builds Raman theory up in stages without overloading the reader with complex theory Includes two chapters on instrumentation and interpretation that shows how Raman spectra can be obtained and interpreted Explains the potential of using Raman spectroscopy in a wide variety of applications Includes detailed, but concise information and worked examples
Download or read book Experimental Approaches of NMR Spectroscopy written by The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Society of Japan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-23 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the advanced developments in methodology and applications of NMR spectroscopy to life science and materials science. Experts who are leaders in the development of new methods and applications of life and material sciences have contributed an exciting range of topics that cover recent advances in structural determination of biological and material molecules, dynamic aspects of biological and material molecules, and development of novel NMR techniques, including resolution and sensitivity enhancement. First, this book particularly emphasizes the experimental details for new researchers to use NMR spectroscopy and pick up the potentials of NMR spectroscopy. Second, the book is designed for those who are involved in either developing the technique or expanding the NMR application fields by applying them to specific samples. Third, the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Society of Japan has organized this book not only for NMR members of Japan but also for readers worldwide who are interested in using NMR spectroscopy extensively.
