Download or read book Microbial Communities Structure of the Japan Trench Cold seeps Determined by Lipid Analysis written by Wai Olivia Chan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seafloor cold seeps support some of the most prolific and diverse ecosystems on Earth. A multitude of microbial habitats are associated with cold seeps. The seeping fluids are enriched in reduced chemical species such as sulfide and methane. These reduced species are utilized by microorganisms to gain energy from the reduction of sulfate and oxidation of methane, or the so-called anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). The Japan Trench is the deepest seafloor cold seeps found on earth and characterized by abundant chemosynthesis-based communities associated with the cold seeps. Chemosynthetic communities of Maorithyas hadalis and Calyptogena phaseoliformis have been discovered at depth of over 7,000 m. In this project, four sediments samples from chemosynthetic communities dominated by M. hadalis and C. phaseoliformis and two clam tissue (leg and gill) samples of M hadalis were collected. To obtain quantitative information of the Japan Trench cold-seeps, lipid analysis was used to determine the sedimentary microbial community structure of both communities, and to identify the symbionts living inside the Maorithyas hadalis gill tissue. Phospholipid fatty acids, hopanoids, glycolipid fatty acids, sterols and n-alkanes were isolated from the samples and analyzed using gas chromatography/mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The total microbial biomass were estimated to be 5.71 x 108 and 4.58 x 108 cells (g dry wt)−1 for the Maorithyas and Calyptogena sediments, respectively. The microbial biomarker assemblages of the sediments indicate similar complex consortia of microorganisms were present in both communities, including sulfate-reducing and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. The lipid profiles isolated from the M hadalis gills contained large amount of monounsaturated (C16:1, C18:1 and C20:1), terminal-branched (iC15:0, aC15:0, iC17:0), cyclopropane (C17: 0cy) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18:2, C20:4, C20:5 and C22:2), suggesting the presence of sulfur-oxidizers including Thiomicrospira species as symbiotic bacteria. From these results, I propose a model of the coupled carbon and sulfur cycling within the chemosynthetic communities in the Japan Trench cold-seeps.
Download or read book Master s Theses Directories written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".
Download or read book Commencement written by Iowa State University and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book JAMSTEC journal of deep sea research written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Life at Vents and Seeps written by Jens Kallmeyer and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-11-07 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vents and seeps are the epitome of life in extreme environments, but there is much more to these systems than just black smokers or hydrocarbon seeps. Many other ecosystems are characterized by moving fluids and this book provides an overview of the different habitats, their specific conditions as well as the technical challenges that have to be met when studying them. The book provides the current state of the art and will be a valuable resource for everybody that has an interest in such environments.
Download or read book Microbial Ecology of Extreme Environments written by Caroline Chénard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores microbial lifestyles, biochemical adaptations, and trophic interactions occurring in extreme environments. By summarizing the latest findings in the field it provides a valuable reference for future studies. Spark ideas for biotechnological and commercial exploitation of microbiomes at the extremes of life are presented. Chapters on viruses complement this highly informative book. In a vertical journey through the microbial biosphere it covers aspects of cold environments, hot environments, extreme saline environments, and extreme pressure environments, and more. From the deep sea, through polar deserts, up to the clouds in the air - the diversity of microbial life in all habitats is described, explored, and comprehensively reviewed. Possible biotechnical applications are discussed. This book aims to provide a useful reference for those who want to start a research program in extreme microbiology and, hopefully, inspire new research directions.
Download or read book Extremophiles in Deep Sea Environments written by K. Horikoshi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-11-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many organisms in deep-sea environments are extremophiles thriving in extreme conditions: high pressure, high or low temperature, or high concentrations of inorganic compounds. This book presents the microbiology of extremophiles living in the deep sea and describes the isolation, cultivation, and taxonomic identification of microorganisms retrieved from the Mariana Trench, the world's deepest point. Also explained are techniques for recovering pressure-loving bacteria, the barophiles (piezophiles), and for whole genome analysis of Bacillus halodurans C-125. Physiological analysis of the pressure effect in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli is used to answer the question of how deep-sea organisms survive under high hydrostatic pressure. These research results are useful in both basic science and industrial applications. Readers discover a new microbial world in the ocean depths, with state-of-the-science information on extremophiles.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences written by Jan Harff and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-01-14 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally growing demand of energy and mineral resources, reliable future projection of climate processes and the protection of coasts to mitigate the threats of disasters and hazards require a comprehensive understanding of the structure, ongoing processes and genesis of the marine geosphere. Beyond the “classical” research fields in marine geology in current time more general concepts have been evolved integrating marine geophysics, hydrography, marine biology, climatology and ecology. As an umbrella the term “marine geosciences” has been broadly accepted for this new complex field of research and the solutions of practical tasks in the marine realm. The “Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences” comprises the current knowledge in marine geosciences whereby not only basic but also applied and technical sciences are covered. Through this concept a broad scale of users in the field of marine sciences and techniques is addressed from students and scholars in academia to engineers and decision makers in industry and politics.
Download or read book Art Biology and Conservation written by Robert John Koestler and published by Metropolitan Museum of Art. This book was released on 2003 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the perception that artworks are timeless and unchanging, they are actually subject to biological attack from a variety of sources--from bacteria to fungi to insects. This groundbreaking volume, which publishes the proceedings of a conference held at The Metropolitan Museum of Art in 2002, explores how the development of these organisms can be arrested while preserving both the work of art and the health of the conservator.The richly illustrated text, containing the writings of over 40 scientists and conservators, is divided into sections on stone and mural paintings, paper, textiles, wood and archaeological materials, treatment and prevention, and special topics. The artworks and cultural properties discussed include, among many others, Paleolithic cave paintings, Tiffany drawings, huts built by early Antarctic explorers, and a collection of toothbrushes taken from Auschwitz victims.
Download or read book Diagenesis in Sediments written by Gunnar Larsen and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Saline Lakes written by John M. Melack and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-04-30 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publications from 7th International Conference on Salt Lakes, held in Death Valley National Park, California, USA, September 1999
Download or read book The Zoological Record written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Hydrocarbon Seeps written by Andreas Teske and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an up-to-date overview of the microbiology, biogeochemistry, and ecology of marine hydrocarbon seeps, a globally occurring habitat for specialized microorganisms and invertebrates that depend on natural hydrocarbon seepage as a food and energy source. Prominent examples include the briny hydrocarbon seeps and mud volcanoes on the continental slope of the Gulf of Mexico and in the Mediterranean, the hydrothermally heated hydrocarbon seeps at Guaymas Basin (Mexico), and the oil and gas seeps off the coast of California and in the Gulf of Mexico. Featuring topical chapters by leading researchers in the area, the book describes geological settings, chemical characteristics of hydrocarbon seepage, hydrocarbon-dependent microbial populations, and ecosystem structure and trophic networks at hydrocarbon seeps. Further, it also discusses applied aspects such as bioremediation potential (oil-degrading microorganisms).
Download or read book Chemical Biomarkers in Aquatic Ecosystems written by Thomas S. Bianchi and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-28 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides a unique and thorough look at the application of chemical biomarkers to aquatic ecosystems. Defining a chemical biomarker as a compound that can be linked to particular sources of organic matter identified in the sediment record, the book indicates that the application of these biomarkers for an understanding of aquatic ecosystems consists of a biogeochemical approach that has been quite successful but underused. This book offers a wide-ranging guide to the broad diversity of these chemical biomarkers, is the first to be structured around the compounds themselves, and examines them in a connected and comprehensive way. This timely book is appropriate for advanced undergraduate and graduate students seeking training in this area; researchers in biochemistry, organic geochemistry, and biogeochemistry; researchers working on aspects of organic cycling in aquatic ecosystems; and paleoceanographers, petroleum geologists, and ecologists. Provides a guide to the broad diversity of chemical biomarkers in aquatic environments The first textbook to be structured around the compounds themselves Describes the structure, biochemical synthesis, analysis, and reactivity of each class of biomarkers Offers a selection of relevant applications to aquatic systems, including lakes, rivers, estuaries, oceans, and paleoenvironments Demonstrates the utility of using organic molecules as tracers of processes occurring in aquatic ecosystems, both modern and ancient
Download or read book Desk Encyclopedia of Microbiology written by Moselio Schaechter and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-04-19 with total page 1277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Desk Encyclopedia of Microbiology, Second Edition is a single-volume comprehensive guide to microbiology for the advanced reader. Derived from the six volume e-only Encyclopedia of Microbiology, Third Edition, it bridges the gap between introductory texts and specialized reviews. Covering topics ranging from the basic science of microbiology to the current "hot" topics in the field, it will be invaluable for obtaining background information on a broad range of microbiological topics, preparing lectures and preparing grant applications and reports. - The most comprehensive single-volume source providing an overview of microbiology to non-specialists - Bridges the gap between introductory texts and specialized reviews - Provides concise and general overviews of important topics within the field making it a helpful resource when preparing for lectures, writing reports, or drafting grant applications
Download or read book The Prokaryotes written by Edward F. DeLong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Prokaryotes is a comprehensive, multi-authored, peer reviewed reference work on Bacteria and Achaea. This fourth edition of The Prokaryotes is organized to cover all taxonomic diversity, using the family level to delineate chapters. Different from other resources, this new Springer product includes not only taxonomy, but also prokaryotic biology and technology of taxa in a broad context. Technological aspects highlight the usefulness of prokaryotes in processes and products, including biocontrol agents and as genetics tools. The content of the expanded fourth edition is divided into two parts: Part 1 contains review chapters dealing with the most important general concepts in molecular, applied and general prokaryote biology; Part 2 describes the known properties of specific taxonomic groups. Two completely new sections have been added to Part 1: bacterial communities and human bacteriology. The bacterial communities section reflects the growing realization that studies on pure cultures of bacteria have led to an incomplete picture of the microbial world for two fundamental reasons: the vast majority of bacteria in soil, water and associated with biological tissues are currently not culturable, and that an understanding of microbial ecology requires knowledge on how different bacterial species interact with each other in their natural environment. The new section on human microbiology deals with bacteria associated with healthy humans and bacterial pathogenesis. Each of the major human diseases caused by bacteria is reviewed, from identifying the pathogens by classical clinical and non-culturing techniques to the biochemical mechanisms of the disease process. The 4th edition of The Prokaryotes is the most complete resource on the biology of prokaryotes. The following volumes are published consecutively within the 4th Edition: Prokaryotic Biology and Symbiotic Associations Prokaryotic Communities and Ecophysiology Prokaryotic Physiology and Biochemistry Applied Bacteriology and Biotechnology Human Microbiology Actinobacteria Firmicutes Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria Deltaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria Other Major Lineages of Bacteria and the Archaea
