Download or read book Biochemistry of microbial degradation written by Colin Ratledge and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life on the planet depends on microbial activity. The recycling of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, oxygen, phosphate and all the other elements that constitute living matter are continuously in flux: microorganisms participate in key steps in these processes and without them life would cease within a few short years. The comparatively recent advent of man-made chemicals has now challenged the environment: where degradation does not occur, accumulation must perforce take place. Surprisingly though, even the most recalcitrant of molecules are gradually broken down and very few materials are truly impervious to microbial attack. Microorganisms, by their rapid growth rates, have the most rapid turn-over of their DNA of all living cells. Consequently they can evolve altered genes and therefore produce novel enzymes for handling "foreign" compounds - the xenobiotics - in a manner not seen with such effect in other organisms. Evolution, with the production of micro-organisms able to degrade molecules hitherto intractable to breakdown, is therefore a continuing event. Now, through the agency of genetic manipulation, it is possible to accelerate this process of natural evolution in a very directed manner. The time-scale before a new microorganism emerges that can utilize a recalcitrant molecule has now been considerably shortened by the application of well-understood genetic principles into microbiology. However, before these principles can be successfully used, it is essential that we understand the mechanism by which molecules are degraded, otherwise we shall not know where best to direct these efforts.

Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Hexachlorocyclohexanes written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern written by Marc Williams and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-05-21 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern is a compendium of chemical-specific toxicity information with discussions on the rationale and development of Wildlife Toxicity Reference Values (TRVs) intended for use on terrestrial wildlife for risk assessment applications. Substances covered include military-related chemicals including explosives, propellants, pesticides and metals. Wildlife Toxicity Assessments for Chemicals of Military Concern is a much-needed resource designed to meet the needs of those seeking toxicological information for ecological risk assessment purposes. Each chapter targets a specific chemical and considers the current knowledge of the toxicological impacts of chemicals to terrestrial wildlife including mammalian, avian, amphibian and reptilian species. Provides detailed information on how Wildlife Toxicity Values (TRVs) for military chemicals of concern are derived and evaluated. Covers wildlife toxicity assessments of explosives, metals and environmental chemicals. Compiles relevant information on the environmental effects of chemicals on wildlife in relation to public and environmental health.

Download or read book Advances in Biodegradation and Bioremediation of Industrial Waste written by Ram Chandra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-03-24 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses a Global Challenge to Sustainable DevelopmentAdvances in Biodegradation and Bioremediation of Industrial Waste examines and compiles the latest information on the industrial waste biodegradation process and provides a comprehensive review. Dedicated to reducing pollutants generated by agriculturally contaminated soil, and plastic waste fr

Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Chlordane written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Atlas of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS E Book written by Stephen A. Morse and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2010-09-17 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Atlas of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS, 4th Edition, by Drs. Stephen A. Morse, King K. Holmes, Adele A. Moreland, MD, and Ronald C. Ballard, provides you with an exclusive gallery of STD and AIDS images so you can better diagnose and treat these diseases. Approximately 1,100 unique images – most in full color and 30% new to this edition – depict the clinical signs associated with each type of infection. You’ll also find expert guidance on new vaccines, screening techniques, treatment guidelines, and best practices in the field. Get expert advice on the tests available to reach a definitive diagnosis and review therapeutic options, treatment guidelines, prevention strategies, and management of complications. Access appendices on the selection and evaluation of diagnostic tests, quality control, and test technologies. Effectively diagnose all types of STDs and HIV/AIDS with approximately 1,100 images—most in full color and more than 30% new to this edition―that depict the epidemiology as well as the clinical manifestations of these diseases. Effectively utilize new vaccines for HPV and Hepatitis B, new screening tests for Chlamydia, new drugs under development, new treatment guidelines and best practices in HIV screening, and much more.

Download or read book Chiral Analysis written by Kenneth W. Busch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chiral Analysis covers an important area of analytical chemistry of relevance to a wide variety of scientific professionals. The target audience is scientific professionals with an undergraduate background in chemistry or a related discipline, specifically organic chemists, researchers in drug discovery, pharmaceutical researchers involved with process analysis or combinatorial libraries, and graduate students in chemistry. Chapters have been written with the nonspecialist in mind so as to be self-contained. * Broad coverage - spectroscopic and separation methods covered in a single volume * Up-to-date and detailed review of the various techniques available and/or under development in this field * Contributions from leading experts in the field

Download or read book Chemistry and Water written by Satinder Ahuja and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-11-23 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After air, water is the most crucial resource for human survival. To achieve water sustainability, we will have to deal with its scarcity and quality, and find ways to reclaim it from various sources. Chemistry and Water: The Science Behind Sustaining the World's Most Crucial Resource applies contemporary and sophisticated separation science and chromatographic methods to address the pressing worldwide concerns of potable water for drinking and safe water for irrigation to raise food for communities around the world. Edited and authored by world-leading analytical chemists, the book presents the latest research and solutions on topics including water quality and pollution, water treatment technologies and practices, watershed management, water quality and food production, challenges to achieving sustainable water supplies, water reclamation techniques, and wastewater reuse. Explores the role water plays to assure our survival and maintain life Provides valuable information from world leaders in chemistry and water research Addresses water challenges and solutions globally to ensure sustainability

Download or read book Quality Criteria for Water 1986 written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water Regulations and Standards and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Section 304(a) (1) of the Clean Water Act 33 U.S.C. 1314(a) (1) requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to publish and periodically update ambient water quality criteria. These criteria are to accurately reflect the latest scientific knowledge (a) on the kind and extent of all identifiable effects on health and welfare including, but not limited to, plankton, fish shellfish, wildlife, plant life, shorelines, beaches, aesthetics, and recreation which may be expected from the presence of pollutants in any body of water including ground water; (b) on the concentration and dispersal of pollutants, or their byproducts, through biological, physical, and chemical processes; and (c) on the effects of pollutants on biological community diversity, productivity, and stability, including information on the factors affecting rates of eutrophication and organic and inorganic sedimentation for varying types of receiving waters. In a continuing effort to provide those who use EPA's water quality and human health criteria with up-to-date criteria values and associated information, the document was assembled. The document includes summaries of all the contaminants for which EPA has developed criteria recommendations.

Download or read book Veterans and Agent Orange written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-20 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 1962 to 1971, the U.S. military sprayed herbicides over Vietnam to strip the thick jungle canopy that could conceal opposition forces, to destroy crops that those forces might depend on, and to clear tall grasses and bushes from the perimeters of US base camps and outlying fire-support bases. Mixtures of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), picloram, and cacodylic acid made up the bulk of the herbicides sprayed. The main chemical mixture sprayed was Agent Orange, a 50:50 mixture of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T. At the time of the spraying, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the most toxic form of dioxin, was an unintended contaminant generated during the production of 2,4,5-T and so was present in Agent Orange and some other formulations sprayed in Vietnam. Because of complaints from returning Vietnam veterans about their own health and that of their children combined with emerging toxicologic evidence of adverse effects of phenoxy herbicides and TCDD, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine was asked to perform a comprehensive evaluation of scientific and medical information regarding the health effects of exposure to Agent Orange, other herbicides used in Vietnam, and the various components of those herbicides, including TCDD. Updated evaluations were conducted every two years to review newly available literature and draw conclusions from the overall evidence. Veterans and Agent Orange: Update 11 (2018) examines peer-reviewed scientific reports concerning associations between various health outcomes and exposure to TCDD and other chemicals in the herbicides used in Vietnam that were published between September 30, 2014, and December 31, 2017, and integrates this information with the previously established evidence database.

Download or read book Annual Report on Carcinogens written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Toxicology Desk Reference written by Robert Ryan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A source of medical, legal and regulatory information on the toxicology of human exposure to metals and chemicals, this three-volume set is designed to be the first resource professionals turn to when formulating an opinion and developing a programme. It is annually updated to provide the latest information on over 150 chemical agents in a standar

Download or read book Chemicals Identified in Humans written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Water resources Investigations Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Areal Distribution and Concentrations of Contaminants of Concern in Surficial Streambed and Lakebed Sediments Lake Erie Lake Saint Clair Drainages 1990 97 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fate of Pesticides in the Atmosphere Implications for Environmental Risk Assessment written by Gezondheidsraad (Netherlands) and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-10-31 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of an international workshop on the issue of `Fate of Pesticides in the Atmosphere - Implications for Risk Assessment' held in 1998 in The Netherlands. Topics include emission, dispersion, transport and transformations of pesticides in the atmosphere, and the ecotoxicological risks of pesticides in remote areas. Laboratory and field measurements are reviewed, and modeling of the atmospheric processes that affect pesticides are discussed. Various risk assessment approaches are presented, and possible statutory environmental criteria that could be incorporated into pesticide regulation in order to limit their atmospheric dispersion are explored. This is the first book to present a complete review of the science of this subject with the aim of investigating the possibilities of incorporating long-range transport potential of pesticides into protocols for estimating their environmental risks and their registration. This book will be important for atmospheric and pesticide scientists, pesticide manufacturers, pesticide regulators, and risk assessors.