Download or read book Essays in Political Economy and International Public Finance written by Áron Kiss and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2009 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coalitions and political accountability -- Divisive politics and accountability -- Minimum taxes and repeated tax competition -- Summary in German.

Download or read book Essays in Public Finance and Environmental Economics written by Radhika Goyal and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation focuses on topics concerning public finance, state capacity, and the environment. In the first chapter, we study the role of proximity to administrative power in explaining spatial inequality in access to public goods. Using a natural experiment in India that quadrupled the number of sub-districts (the lowest level of administrative jurisdiction), we explore the impact of redistribution of political power on spatial inequality of public good investment. By analyzing digitized high-resolution data encompassing approximately 10,000 villages spanning over 55 years, we demonstrate that reducing the distance to local government headquarters helps in bridging the gap in the provision of essential public amenities for remote villages, and furthermore, yields evidence of long-term improvements in state capacity. In the second chapter, we focus on turning points in tax collection. Our method detects both sustained accelerations and decelerations of tax collection (relative to GDP) in a global and historical sample of 150 countries since 1965. Turning points are prevalent (238 events in total), persistent for at least 15 years in many cases, and occur more frequently at lower levels of the country's development. We show that changes in the political environment are strong statistical predictors of accelerations, tax reforms, and economic changes less so. Decelerations appear more unpredictable than accelerations. In the third chapter, we study the ecological gains of place-based environmental measures to ramp up conservation efforts. By combining geo-referenced Indian village maps overlaid with digitized protected area maps and a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, we find that protected areas help improve forest cover. Villages located within protected areas also experienced improved economic activity, attributed in part to the growth of the tourism sector, particularly in wildlife sanctuaries. Moreover, our findings suggest that states which allocate a higher share of expenditure to the forestry sector exhibit stronger forest conservation outcomes.

Download or read book The Twenty year Century written by Felix G. Rohatyn and published by New York : Random House. This book was released on 1983 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Public Finance and Financial Management written by John E. Petersen and published by Chatham, N.J. : Chatham House Publishers. This book was released on 1980 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Public Finance written by Patrick Maurice Walsh and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A primary explanation for sub-optimal worker-job matches is a prospective worker's imperfect information about his or her own skills. College classes in specific fields are thought to reveal new information about specific skills, potentially improving match quality. This paper tests that theory by asking whether grades in a specific field can help a student predict labor-market outcomes in that field. Field-specific CPA significantly predicts employment Business, Education, Engineering, and medical fields. Field-specific CPA also significantly predicts income in Business and Education. Although grades do provide predictive power, however, they explain a modest share of overall variation in outcomes.

Download or read book Essays on Subjective Well being and Public Finance written by Kohei Kiya and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores relationships between well-being and public finance by using subjective well-being measures such as self-reported life satisfaction. The first chapter summarizes the discussion over the use of subjective well-being in economics and reviews related empirical literature, especially in the field of public finance. The second chapter examines relationships between subjective well-being and government activities using country-level panel data. Specifically, the chapter examines how government spending, taxes, and deficit/surplus are related to aggregate level of life satisfaction, and how the relationship is different by social groups. The third chapter examines relationship between individual life satisfaction and expenditure by state government in the U.S. The last chapter, which uses the same data set as in the third essay, examines the relationship between individual life satisfaction and revenue structure, especially tax structure, of state government in the U.S. The third and last chapters also study how the impact of spending or taxes is different across income groups. The empirical studies in this dissertation show that public finance is related to subjective well-being, and the relationship is different by individual characteristics such as income levels.

Download or read book Essays in Finance written by Robert Giffen and published by . This book was released on 1882 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Political Essays on the Nature and Operation of Money Public Finances and Other Subjects written by Pelatiah Webster and published by . This book was released on 1791 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Public Finance and Industrial Organization written by Neale Ashok Mahoney and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation has four chapters. The first three chapters examine health insurance markets in the U.S., focusing in particular on contexts where there are important interactions between health insurance plans. The fourth chapter is on the U.S. budget, examining the implications of annual budget cycles on the quantity and quality of end-of-year spending. Chapter 1, entitled "Bankruptcy as Implicit Health Insurance" examines the interaction between health insurance and the implicit insurance that people have because they can file (or threaten to file) for bankruptcy. With a simple model that captures key institutional features, I demonstrate that the financial risk from medical shocks is capped by the assets that could be seized in bankruptcy. For households with modest seizable assets, this implicit "bankruptcy insurance" can crowd out conventional health insurance. I test these predictions using variation in the state laws that specify the type and level of assets that can be seized in bankruptcy. Because of the differing laws, people who have the same assets and receive the same medical care face different losses in bankruptcy. Exploiting the variation in seizable assets that is orthogonal to wealth and other household characteristics, I show that households with fewer seizable assets are more likely to be uninsured. This finding is consistent with another: uninsured households with fewer seizable assets end up making lower out-of-pocket medical payments. The estimates suggest that if the laws of the least debtor-friendly state of Delaware were applied nationally, 16.3 percent of the uninsured would buy health insurance. Achieving the same increase in coverage would require a premium subsidy of approximately 44.0 percent. To shed light on puzzles in the literature and examine policy counterfactuals, I calibrate a utility-based, micro-simulation model of insurance choice. Among other things, simulations show that "bankruptcy insurance" explains the low take-up of high-deductible health insurance. Chapter 2, entitled "Pricing and Welfare in Health Plan Choice", is coauthored with M. Kate Bundorf and Jonathan Levin. The starting point for the paper is the simple observation that when insurance premiums do not reflect individual differences in expected costs, consumers may choose plans inefficiently. We study this problem in health insurance markets, a setting in which prices often do not incorporate observable differences in expected costs. We develop a simple model and estimate it using data on small employers. In this setting, the welfare loss compared to the feasible risk-rated benchmark is around 2-11% of coverage costs. Three-quarters of this is due to restrictions on risk-rating employee contributions; the rest is due to inefficient contribution choices. Despite the inefficiency, the benefits from plan choice relative to each of the single-plan options are substantial. Chapter 3, entitled "The Private Coverage and Public Costs: Identifying the Effect of Private Supplemental Insurance on Medicare Spending, " is coauthored with Marika Cabral. While most elderly Americans have health insurance coverage through Medicare, traditional Medicare policies leave individuals exposed to significant financial risk. Private supplemental insurance to "fill the gaps" of Medicare, known as Medigap, is very popular. In this Chapter, we estimate the impact of this supplemental insurance on total medical spending using an instrumental variables strategy that leverages discontinuities in Medigap premiums at state boundaries. Our estimates suggest that Medigap increases medical spending by 57 percent--or about 40 percent more than previous estimates. Back-of-the-envelope calculations indicate that a 20 percent tax on premiums would generate combined revenue and savings of 6.2 percent of baseline costs; a Pigovian tax that fully accounts for the fiscal externality would yield savings of 18.1 percent. Chapter 4, entitled "Do Expiring Budgets Lead to Wasteful Year-End Spending? Evidence from Federal Procurement, " is coauthored with Jeffrey Liebman. Many organizations fund their spending out of a fixed budget that expires at year's end. Faced with uncertainty over future spending demands, these organizations have an incentive to build a buffer stock of funds over the front end of the budget cycle. When demand does not materialize, they then rush to spend these funds on lower quality projects at the end of the year. We test these predictions using data on procurement spending by the U.S. federal government. Using data on all federal contracts from 2004 through 2009, we document that spending spikes in all major federal agencies during the 52nd week of the year as the agencies rush to exhaust expiring budget authority. Spending in the last week of the year is 4.9 times higher than the rest-of-the-year weekly average. We examine the relative quality of year-end spending using a newly available dataset that tracks the quality of $130 billion in information technology (I.T.) projects made by federal agencies. Consistent with the model, average project quality falls at the end of the year. Quality scores in the last week of the year are 2.2 to 5.6 times more likely to be below the central value. To explore the impact of allowing agencies to roll unused spending over into subsequent fiscal years, we study the I.T. contracts of an agency with special authority to roll over unused funding. We show that there is only a small end-of-year I.T. spending spike in this agency and that the one major I.T. contract this agency issued in the 52nd week of the year has a quality rating that is well above average.

Download or read book Public Finace and Welfare written by C. Ward Macy and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Public Finance written by Kenji Wada and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Public Finance Under Uncertainty written by Jonathan H. Hamilton and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development and Public Finance written by and published by Sage. This book was released on 2012-02-16 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development and Public Finance is a commemorative volume on late Dr Raja J. Chelliah, one of the foremost Public Finance experts of India. It is designed as a compendium of essays on contemporary issues of Public Finance and Development, focusing on the rapidly globalizing Indian economy. Well-known scholars and experts have contributed insightful articles to this collection. All contributions have been exclusively invited for this publication. They represent a weaving of interdependent themes of Development and Public Finance and are sequentially arranged to reflect their interrelationships. Some of the important topics analyzed by the articles are: divestment and privatization; financial transaction tax; carbon tax; fiscal federalism; goods and service tax; decentralization; social policy; and climate change. Not only is this volume academically rich, it also has an entire section where Dr Chelliah's peers and colleagues talk about him and how they saw him-the man they variously describe as a great scholar, a brilliant economist, and an indomitable crusader.

Download or read book Public Debts written by Henry Carter Adams and published by . This book was released on 1887 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Public Finance Planning and Economic Development written by Ursula Kathleen Hicks and published by London : Macmillan. This book was released on 1973 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part 1 deals with theoretical and conceptual issues in the field of public finance. Part 2 concerns fiscal policy and development finance, while in part 3 fiscal federalism is dealt with. In part 4 the budget organisation and budgetary problems in socialist planned economies are explored. Part 5 brings two essays on economic policy and planning at the central and local levels.

Download or read book Three Essays in Public Finance written by Shiyuan Chen and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation comprises three essays in public finance. The first essay is a research of a theory of trading of club goods and its application to jurisdiction. The essay establishes a model of trading of club goods among clubs, and illustrates its effects on the process and outcome of club formation. Cost function as well as disutility of crowdedness is emphasized and integrated into the process of club formation, after allowing for exchanging club good among clubs. In the process, the essay develops a market for club goods. Then the model is revised and applied to the formation of jurisdictions. The second essay comes out of an interest regarding household demand, poverty and public goods in developing countries. The essay explores household food consumption in Jamaica and estimates the effects of related variables. With Jamaica Survey of Living Conditions 2001 data, the essay estimates an Engel curve which reflects the relation between household food consumption and related variables. What's more, to investigate the possible neighborhood effect on food consumption, the essay tests and estimates the spatial correlation among neighborhood food consumption. The estimated results can be applied to poverty reduction policy. The third essay extends the theme of poverty, consumption, and government programs by analyzing one other public program--education. Education is closely linked to poverty alleviation. Determining the demand for education and the return to education will help government focus programs aimed at reducing drop-out rates and in the long run, poverty in the country. The essay applies discrete time survival analysis techniques to analyze education duration in Jamaica. Based on Jamaica Survey of Living Conditions 2002, the essay estimates the effects of household, individual and other related covariates on dropout risks of students. The essay compares discrete time Cox model and discrete time logit model and concludes that the two estimations are consistent. The estimation results could be used to predict the effects of changes in the covariates, or be used to predict the dropout risks of particular students in each grade, both of which could provide useful policy implications to improve education in Jamaica.

Download or read book Macroeconomic Dimensions of Public Finance written by Mario Blejer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no magic formula for balancing fiscal policy and economic performance. As a scholar and policy advisor, Vito Tanzi has made a major contribution to identifying links between public finance and macro and microeconomic consequences. His findings bear relevance in both developing and industrialized economies. The essays in this volume and its companion, Fiscal Policy and Economic Reform, highlight many of these interconnected issues, for instance: * the interaction between budgetary policy and economic aggregates, such as employment, inflation and growth * the implication of economic linkages for designing fiscal policies * expenditure policies and alternative deficit financing strategies * the trade-offs between macro- and microeconomic objectives The list of contributors includes Max Corden, John Makin, Ronald McKinnon and Richard Musgrave.