Download or read book Development of New Generation Personal Monitors for Fine Particulate Matter PM and Its Metal Content written by Constantinos Sioutas and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Research Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Relationships of Indoor Outdoor and Personal Air RIOPA written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fine Particulate Matter Monitoring Technologies written by Elisa Eiseman and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurement of ambient particulate matter (PM) mass and chemical composition is important for source attribution, studies of health and welfare effects, and determination of compliance with standards. A comprehensive approach to PM monitoring requires a combination of analytical techniques to assess mass and chemical composition, and an integrated network of ambient and stack/source PM monitors. There are several commercially available devices that can continuously monitor PM mass. However, none of these methods have been approved by the EPA, since most of these devices do not directly measure mass. In addition, chemical analysis of PM is costly and difficult, since existing technologies are not capable of continuous sampling/monitoring for chemical composition. Therefore, the next generation of PM monitors should be multi-functional instruments capable of continuous, real-time monitoring of both PM mass and chemical composition. In addition, they will need to address several barriers to their use including cost, complicated calibration and verification systems, and cumbersome installation and maintenance procedures.

Download or read book Determination of Fine Particulate Matter Composition and Development of the Organic Aerosol Monitor written by Paul Michael Cropper and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the complexity of PM it is poorly characterized. A large fraction of PM is composed of organic compounds, but these compounds are not regularly monitored due to limitations in current sampling techniques. The GC-MS Organic Aerosol Monitor (OAM) combines a collection device with thermal desorption, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to quantitatively measure the carbonaceous components of PM on an hourly averaged basis. A compact GC and simple pre-concentrator were developed for the system to decouple separation from manual injection and enhance separation of environmentally-relevant polar organic compounds, such as levoglucosan. The GC-MS OAM is fully automated and has been successfully deployed in the field. It uses a chemically deactivated filter for collection followed by thermal desorption and GC-MS analysis. Laboratory tests show that detection limits range from 0.2 to 3 ng for many atmospherically relevant compounds. The GC-MS OAM was deployed in the field for semi-continuous measurement of the organic markers, levoglucosan, dehydroabietic acid, and several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during winter (January to March), 2015 and 2016. Results illustrate the significance of this monitoring technique to more fully characterize the organic components of PM and identify sources of pollution.

Download or read book Monitoring for Fine Particulate Matter written by Elisa Eiseman and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Particulate matter (PM)-dust, dirt, smoke, soot, and liquid droplets-comes from a variety of sources and is a mixture of many pollutants made up of several different chemical species. Recent evidence about health effects and the fundamental physical and chemical differences between fine and coarse PM prompted the EPA to set new standards. Monitoring to determine whether an area has met these standards requires a comprehensive approach that combines analytical techniques to assess mass and chemical composition with an integrated network of ambient and source PM monitors.

Download or read book Quality assurance guidance document written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cleaning Pakistan s Air written by Ernesto Sánchez-Triana and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The harm to Pakistanis’ health, economy, and environment from urban air pollution is among the highest in South Asia, exceeding several high-profile causes of mortality and morbidity in Pakistan. This report details a broad spectrum of research on Pakistan’s air quality management challenges and presents concrete steps to achieve improvements.

Download or read book Indoor Pollutants written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses pollution from tobacco smoke, radon and radon progeny, asbestos and other fibers, formaldehyde, indoor combustion, aeropathogens and allergens, consumer products, moisture, microwave radiation, ultraviolet radiation, odors, radioactivity, and dirt and discusses means of controlling or eliminating them.

Download or read book Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-13 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulatory standards are already on the books at the the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to address health risks posed by inhaling tiny particles from smoke, vehicle exhaust, and other sources. At the same time, Congress and EPA have initiated a multimillion dollar research effort to better understand the sources of these airborne particles, the levels of exposure to people, and the ways that these particles cause damage. To provide independent guidance to the EPA, Congress asked the National Research Council to study the relevant issues. The result is a series of four reports on the particulate-matter research program. The first two books offered a conceptual framework for a national research program, identified the 10 most critical research needs, and described the recommended timing and estimated costs of such research. This, the third volume, begins the task of assessing the progress made in implementing the research program. The National Research Council ultimately concludes that the ongoing program is appropriately addressing many of the key uncertainties. However, it also identifies a number of critical specific subjects that should be given greater attention. Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter focuses on the most current and planned research projects with an eye toward the fourth and final report, which will contain an updated assessment.

Download or read book Monitoring for Gaseous Pollutants in Museum Environments written by Cecily M. Grzywacz and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2006-09-01 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on passive sampling, this volume focuses on the environmental monitoring for common gaseous pollutants. It offers an overview of the history and nature of pollutants of concern to museums and the challenges facing scientists, conservators, and managers seeking to develop target pollutant guidelines to protect cultural property.

Download or read book The Particulate Air Pollution Controversy written by Robert F. Phalen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small invisible particles in the urban air, especially those produced by human activities, have recently stimulated intense scrutiny, debate, regulation, and legal proceedings. The stakes are high, both with respect to health impacts and economic costs, and the methods used previously to resolve similar issues are no longer adequate. Everyone on earth inhales thousands to millions of particles in each breath, so if urban particulate air pollution—particulate matter (PM)—is significantly hazardous, the negative impact on health could be staggering. Yet the activities that generate PM, such as farming, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and generating electricity, are themselves essential to human health and welfare. Scientists, regulators, legislators, activists, judges, lawyers, journalists, and representatives of the business community are actively involved in addressing the question of what should be done. This complex issue presents opportunities for critically assessing the relevant knowledge and for adopting more rigorous approaches to this and similar problems. What is the PM controversy, and why is it a good case study for how science and public policy might better interface? The PM controversy is the sum of the frequently heated debates related to the potential health risks from urban PM.

Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Carbon Monoxide written by U.s. Department of Health and Human Services and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-01-22 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This toxicological profile is prepared in accordance with guidelines developed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The original guidelines were published in the Federal Register on April 17, 1987. Each profile will be revised and republished as necessary. The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the toxic substances each profile describes. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a substance's toxicologic properties. Other pertinent literature is also presented but is described in less detail than the key studies. The profile is not intended to be an exhaustive document; however, more comprehensive sources of specialty information are referenced. The profiles focus on health and toxicologic information; therefore, each toxicological profile begins with a public health statement that describes, in nontechnical language, a substance's relevant toxicological properties. Following the public health statement is information concerning levels of significant human exposure and, where known, significant health effects. A health effects summary describes the adequacy of information to determine a substance's health effects. ATSDR identifies data needs that are significant to protection of public health. Each profile: (A) Examines, summarizes, and interprets available toxicologic information and epidemiologic evaluations on a toxic substance to ascertain the levels of significant human exposure for the substance and the associated acute, subacute, and chronic health effects; (B) Determines whether adequate information on the health effects of each substance is available or being developed to determine levels of exposure that present a significant risk to human health of acute, subacute, and chronic health effects; and (C) Where appropriate, identifies toxicologic testing needed to identify the types or levels of exposure that may present significant risk of adverse health effects in humans.

Download or read book Waste Incineration and Public Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-10-21 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incineration has been used widely for waste disposal, including household, hazardous, and medical wasteâ€"but there is increasing public concern over the benefits of combusting the waste versus the health risk from pollutants emitted during combustion. Waste Incineration and Public Health informs the emerging debate with the most up-to-date information available on incineration, pollution, and human healthâ€"along with expert conclusions and recommendations for further research and improvement of such areas as risk communication. The committee provides details on: Processes involved in incineration and how contaminants are released. Environmental dynamics of contaminants and routes of human exposure. Tools and approaches for assessing possible human health effects. Scientific concerns pertinent to future regulatory actions. The book also examines some of the social, psychological, and economic factors that affect the communities where incineration takes place and addresses the problem of uncertainty and variation in predicting the health effects of incineration processes.

Download or read book Urban Airborne Particulate Matter written by Fathi Zereini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-16 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the most up-to-date research and information regarding the origin, chemistry, fate and health impacts of airborne particulate matter in urban areas, a topic which has received a great deal of attention in recent years due to documented relationships between exposure and health effects such as asthma. With internationally recognised researchers and academics presenting their work and key concepts and approaches from a variety of disciplines, including environmental and analytical chemistry, biology, toxicology, mineralogy and the geosciences, this book addresses the topic of urban airborne particulate matter in a comprehensive, multidisciplinary manner. Topics and research addressed in the book range from common methodological approaches used to sample and analyse the composition of airborne particulates to our knowledge regarding their potential to impact human health and the various policy approaches taken internationally to regulate particulate matter levels.

Download or read book Non Exhaust Emissions written by Fulvio Amato and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-01-02 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-Exhaust Emissions: An Urban Air Quality Problem for Public Health comprehensively summarizes the most recent research in the field, also giving guidance on research gaps and future needs to evaluate the health impact and possible remediation of non-exhaust particle emissions. With contributions from some of the major experts and stakeholders in air quality, this book comprehensively defines the state-of-the-art of current knowledge, gaps and future needs for a better understanding of particulate matter (PM) emissions, from non-exhaust sources of road traffic to improve public health. PM is a heterogeneous mix of chemical elements and sources, with road traffic being the major source in large cities. A significant part of these emissions come from non-exhaust processes, such as brake, tire, road wear, and road dust resuspension. While motor exhaust emissions have been successfully reduced by means of regulation, non-exhaust emissions are currently uncontrolled and their importance is destined to increase and become the dominant urban source of particle matter by 2020. Nevertheless, current knowledge on the non-exhaust emissions is still limited. This is an essential book to researchers and advanced students from a broad range of disciplines, such as public health, toxicology, atmospheric sciences, environmental sciences, atmospheric chemistry and physics, geochemistry, epidemiology, built environment, road and vehicle engineering, and city planning. In addition, European and local authorities responsible for air quality and those in the industrial sectors related to vehicle and brake manufacturing and technological remediation measures will also find the book valuable. Acts as the first book to explore the health impacts of non-exhaust emissions Authored by experts from several sectors, including academia, industry and policy Gathers the relevant body of literature and information, defining the current knowledge, gaps and future needs

Download or read book Water Quality Assessments written by Deborah V Chapman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-08-22 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidebook, now thoroughly updated and revised in its second edition, gives comprehensive advice on the designing and setting up of monitoring programmes for the purpose of providing valid data for water quality assessments in all types of freshwater bodies. It is clearly and concisely written in order to provide the essential information for all agencies and individuals responsible for the water quality.