Download or read book Design Phase Identification of High Pile Rebound Soils written by Paul J. Cosentino and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research was to determine geotechnical testing protocol that would help engineers anticipate high rebound. The literature review revealed high pile rebound sites throughout North America. This problem typically occurred when displacement piles were driven into medium dense or stiff saturated silts and clays, using single acting hammers. An extensive laboratory and field testing program was conducted at three existing FDOT project sites. Two were located in the Orlando area and the third in the Florida Panhandle. The field testing included Standard Penetration Borings with N-values; Pocket Penetrometer unconfined compressive tests; Cone Penetrometer soundings that produced point bearing; sleeve friction and pore water pressures; PENCEL Pressuremeter tests that produced in situ stress-strain data; and Dilatometer soundings to produce lift-off pressures and elastic moduli.

Download or read book Improving Design Phase Evaluations of High Pile Rebound Soils with an Emphasis on SPT Testing written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Florida Institute of Technology researchers investigated the use of standard geotechnical tests to determine areas prone to high pile rebound (HPR). Test results were used in conjuntion with a decision tree the researchers had developed in a previous project.

Download or read book Evaluating Geotechnical Engineering Properties Associated with High Pile Rebound written by Fauzi H. M. Jarushi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 1078 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At certain depths during driving of large diameter displacement piles, rebound greater than 0.25 inches occurs, followed by a small permanent-set after each hammer blow. This phenomenon is called high pile rebound (HPR). HPR soils may stop the pile driving and result in a limited pile capacity. The overburden depth at which HPR occurs is typically greater than 50 ft. In some cases, rebound leads to pile damage, delaying of the construction project and foundations redesign. The objective of this research was to develop a geotechnical engineering protocol that would allow the geotechnical engineer to identify soil properties and strata which might cause HPR before pile driving begins (i.e., during the design phase of the project). A total of 172 test piles at 138 pier locations, including 102 large prestressed concrete piles (PCP) and 70 low displacement steel H-Piles, were evaluated so as to select the HPR sites where geotechnical data could be collected. Based on available geotechnical data, 21 PCP piles at eleven sites were chosen for this investigation. The H-piles did not experience any HPR problems and thus were not studied. All HPR piles were driven into saturated, fine silty to clayey sands and sandy clays or fat clays. A complete subsurface investigation was conducted after all HPR piles were installed. It included Standard Penetration Testing (SPT), retrieval of disturbed samples, lab testing to produce basic geotechnical index properties, plus Cone Penetrometer Testing (CPT) with pore water pressure measurements. A total of 43 SPT test borings and 27 CPT soundings were performed and evaluated. Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) data from all the test piles was reduced to a deflection versus time to enable both the maximum and final displacements per blow to be used in calculating rebound. Maximum displacement and inspector set (iSet), recorded during installation of the test piles, was used to develop several promising correlations between pile rebound, or inspector set and SPT blow counts (NSPT), fines content, and CPT. In soil conditions where the NSPT values were 15 blows/ft or less with a fines content of 25 percent (i.e., analyses include 21 piles at eleven sites), the rebound was less then 0.25 inches and yielded an acceptable pile permanent-iSet of up to 3 inches. When the NSPT values were between 15 and 40 blows/ft with a fines content of 25 to 40 percent, the pile rebound varied between 0.25 and 0.6 inches but still produced an acceptable permanent-iSet. As the NSPT exceeded 40 blows/ft with a fines content greater than 40 percent, the pile rebound was greater than 0.6 inch accompanied by a small or zero (i.e., unacceptable) permanent i-Set. Where piles experienced excessive HPR with zero or minimal permanent-iSet at 8 piles, the CPTu pore water pressure (u2) yielded very high positive values of more than 20 tsf. However, at the two sites (i.e., 4 piles) where the pile rebounded, and was followed by an acceptable permanent-iSet, the measured CPTu u2 ranged between 5 and 20 tsf, the u2 exhibited values of less than 5 tsf at two piles where no rebound detected. Direct linear correlations between CPTu u2 and rebound were produced with strong linear correlations with regression coefficients R2 of 0.6 or higher. In these cases, the permanent-iSet decreased and rebound increased as u2 increased. Rebound versus u2 or u2/hydrostatic pressure (u0) pressure produced a linear plot through the origin, indicating rebound would equal approximately 2.5% of the CPTu u2 or 5.5% of the u2/u0. Therefore, these correlations between CPTu pore pressure and rebound allow identification of soils that produce HPR. In order to improve the knowledge about the soil types producing HPR, Piezocone data at HPR sites were interpreted using CPT and CPTu soil behavior type (SBT) charts developed by 1) Schmertmann (1978), 2) Eslami and Fellenius (2004), 3) Robertson (1990), and 4) Schneider et al. (2008). SBT charts allow geotechnical engineers to fully utilize the behavior of HPR soils. HPR soils are classified as dense or stiff by Schmertmann (1978); and categorized as silty sand or silty clay to clay silt by the Eslami-Fellenius (2004) chart, where [CPT sleeve friction] is greater then 0.80 tsf and [CPT Cone resistance] is greater than 200 tsf. The Robertson (1990) SBT chart showed that most HPR soils were in zone 4 (i.e., clayey silty to silty clay), with a [pore pressure] ratio of greater than 0.4 and a friction ratio of greater than 1.5%. Most non-HPR soils on these charts were in zone 6 (clean sand to silty sand). The most promising chart was developed by Schneider et al. (2008), and classified HPR layers as 1a and 1b (silt and clays) with [excess pore pressure] of greater than 1, while non-HPR soils were plotted in transitional soils, zone 3 (sand), with [excess pore pressure] of less than 1. Comparison of these results with classifications from laboratory tests were in excellent agreement with CPT soil type, and therefore the CPT can be a useful tool in evaluation of HPR soils. Statistical analyses were performed on the geotechnical data using SPSS software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Equations and a nomograph to predict pile rebound were developed which then were investigated for the adequacy of fit. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to determine if there was any significant relationship between rebound, NSPT and fines content or friction ratio and CPTu pore pressure. The applicability of equations and the nomograph was evaluated by plotting the predicted rebound versus actual rebound. The actual rebound data was from sites which were not used to develop the equations and the nomograph. The performance of both the equation and the design chart produced R2 values of 0.70 or higher. Statistical logistic regression modeling was also carried out on the geotechnical data using SPSS software. As a result, the models showed that the probabilities of HPR increased as either the fines content or NSPT increased and the regression coefficient R2 approached 1.0. The probability of the HPR was greater than 50 percent when the NSPT exceeded 30 blows/ft and the fines content exceeded 35 percent. The probability of HPR using CPTu pore pressure was greater than 50 percent when the pore pressure was greater than 16 tsf. The relationship between HPR and CPTu pore pressure produced a strong correlation coefficient of R2 approaching 1.0. The statistical logistic regression modeling and equations showed promise in predicting rebound. This methodology may lead to a simpler evaluation process which allows engineers to predict HPR during the design phase. A variety of methods were shown to be effective in predicting HPR and the correlations developed in this study allow the geotechnical engineer to predict if HPR will occur at a proposed site, where high displacement piles are to be driven using a single-acting diesel hammer. The correlations showed that permanent-iSet and rebound were a direct function of NSPT and fines content or friction ratio R[f] and pore pressure u2 of the soil at the pile tip. The design equations and corresponding nomograph developed provide a methodology that allows for the prediction of HPR during the design phase.

Download or read book Smart Geotechnics for Smart Societies written by Askar Zhussupbekov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-08-04 with total page 4162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart Geotechnics for Smart Societies contains the contributions presented at the 17th Asian Regional Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (17th ARC, Astana, Kazakhstan, 14-18 August, 2023). The topics covered include: - Geomaterials for soil improvement - Tunneling and rock engineering - Slope, embankments and dams - Shallow and deep foundations - Soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering - Geoenvironmental engineering and frost geotechnics - Investigation of foundations of historical structures and monitoring - Offshore, harbor geotechnics and GeoEnergy - Megaprojects and transportation geotechnics Smart Geotechnics for Smart Societies will be of interest to academics and engineers interested or involved in geotechnical engineering.

Download or read book Improving Design Phase Evaluations for High Pile Rebound Sites Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A testing program performed to help determine typical soils properties encountered during pile installation when high rebound occurs produced a decision matrix for geotechnical engineers. High pile rebound (HPR) occurred at numerous sites in Florida. Samples from standard penetration test (SPT) borings and thin-walled tube sample borings were used in addition to cone penetrometer with pore pressure (CPTu) data to determine soil properties trends.

Download or read book Engineering Properties of Pile Rebound Soils Based on Cone Penetration Testing written by Hadeel Dekhn and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High pile rebound (HPR) has been identified by Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) to occur during the installation of square prestressed concrete piles at many sites in Florida. Significant pile rebound values of up to 1.5 inch/blow were measured resulting in increased blow counts. Pile refusal is a common occurrence when blow count exceeds 240 blow/ft; leading to pile redesign and economic consequences. The overall objective of this research is to identify the engineering properties of soil deposits which may cause HPR and develop improved correlations that may be used to predict HPR during the design process. Seven sites were studied in this research. Pile driving analyzer (PDA) data was used to identify the rebound zones. Cone penetration tests (CPT) and Standard penetration tests (SPT) were conducted near the associated test piles. The SPT data was used to develop soil profile for each site. The CPT data was used to estimate profiles of engineering soil properties. An existing correlation between the CPT pore pressure and pile rebound was evaluated and improved. High CPT pore pressures measured at the rebound zones were found to correlate linearly with pile rebound. Using the CPT the rebound soils were classified as dense silty sands and highly overconsolidated or cemented silty clays. These soils are dilative under shear loading increasing the shear strength of the surrounding soil and the pile skin friction. As a result higher blow counts are required to reach pile penetration. The HPR soils have very low permeability; therefore, high compression-induced pore pressures may be generated near the pile tip during driving. These pore pressures at the pile tip may provide upward forces leading to rebound. The SPT data showed that cemented silty fine sand (SM) and clayey fine sand (SC) with trace phosphate and shell with fines content of 25 % to 40 % were found in the rebound zones. The CPT data superimposed on soil behavior type (SBT) charts provides an engineering method to predict pile rebound soils.

Download or read book Identifying Soils that Produce High Pile Rebound written by Yeniree Vanessa Chin Fong Cracogna and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reevaluating Engineering Properties of Pile Rebound Soils Based on Standard Penetration Testing written by Brian Frederick Wisnom and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pile rebound has been identified by Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) to occur during the installation of square prestressed concrete piles. High Pile Rebound (HPR) has been identified from Brevard County to the panhandle. At times observed up to 3 inches, rebound and HPR result in excessive blow counts, an increased potential for damaged piles, early refusal conditions, decreased capacities, and even pile redesigns during construction. The objective of this research was to verify correlations developed by Cosentino, Kalajian, and Jarushi (2011) and Jarushi (2013), who previously identified uncorrected Standard Penetration Test (SPT) blow counts and soil fines content (FC) as pile rebound indicators. Both proposed that denser sand and harder clay soils, along with higher FC's that result in high excess pore water pressures, would resist permanent pile set and result in HPR. Eleven sites and twenty-five test piles were reviewed as part of this research. Raw PDA files were manipulated to identify rebound which was then correlated to safety hammer equivalent SPT N blow counts (Nsafe). Common empirical SPT correlations, relating N to the engineering properties of soil deposits, and soil relationships with respect to liquefaction potential were reviewed. Maximum rebound was found to occur when Nsafe was less than 20 blows per foot, and generally decreased as Nsafe increased, though SPT refusal conditions did produce excessive rebound in silty and clayey sands. In addition, it was found that rebound magnitudes were influenced by the presence of fines up to a FC of 40%, at which any further increase in fines produced less rebound. These findings did not match or verify the proposed correlations by Cosentino et al. (2011) and Jarushi (2013). Additional soil engineering properties were reviewed, but it became apparent that direct review of SPT and rebound data did not account for all variables as it only considered conditions beneath the pile toe. Review of PDA total skin friction (SFT) found that maximum pile rebound only occurred when SFT resistances were negligible. As SFT increased, the corresponding rebound decreased, and excessive SFT resulted in negligible rebound for all soils. In addition, laboratory testing results on post construction SPT borings, and pile rebound identified within test pile driving logs were reviewed together. Though the analysis was limited to only four test piles, it showed that liquefaction resistant soils were present when rebound occurred.

Download or read book Design of Pile Foundations in Liquefiable Soils written by Gopal Madabhushi and published by Imperial College Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pile foundations are the most common form of deep foundations that are used both onshore and offshore to transfer large superstructural loads into competent soil strata. This book provides many case histories of failure of pile foundations due to earthquake loading and soil liquefaction. Based on the observed case histories, the possible mechanisms of failure of the pile foundations are postulated. The book also deals with the additional loading attracted by piles in liquefiable soils due to lateral spreading of sloping ground. Recent research at Cambridge forms the backbone of this book with the design methodologies being developed directly based on quantified centrifuge test results and numerical analysis. The book provides designers and practicing civil engineers with a sound knowledge of pile behaviour in liquefiable soils and easy-to-use methods to design pile foundations in seismic regions. For graduate students and researchers, it brings together the latest research findings on pile foundations in a way that is relevant to geotechnical practice. Sample Chapter(s). Foreword (85 KB). Chapter 1: Performance of Pile Foundations (4,832 KB). Contents: Performance of Pile Foundations; Inertial and Kinematic Loading; Accounting for Axial Loading in Level Ground; Lateral Spreading of Sloping Ground; Axial Loading on Piles in Laterally Spreading Ground; Design Examples. Readership: Researchers, academics, designers and graduate students in earthquake engineering, civil engineering and ocean/coastal engineering.

Download or read book Pile Foundation and Design written by H. G. Poulos and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1980-07-08 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides methods of analysis of pile formation that may be useful in design. Presents: a consistent theoretical approach to the prediction of pile deformation and load capacity; parametric solutions for a wide range of cases; demonstrations of how such solutions can be used for design purposes; a review of the applicability of these approaches to practical problems.

Download or read book Pile Design and Construction Practice written by Willis H. Thomas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-12-06 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This international handbook is essential for geotechnical engineers and engineering geologists responsible for designing and constructing piled foundations. It explains general principles and practice and details current types of pile, piling equipment and methods. It includes calculations of the resistance of piles to compressive loads, pile group

Download or read book Quantifying Pile Rebound with Deflection Measuring Systems Best Suited for Florida Soils written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Florida Institute of Technology (FIT) researchers evaluated two new pile movement technologies: a commercially available pile driving monitoring (PDM) system and FIT’s camera monitoring system (CMS). These systems were used in conjunction with traditional pile driving measurement equipment to validate measurements in Florida’s high rebound soils

Download or read book Structural Assessment written by K.S. Virdi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the role of physical testing in the development of design methods for new structural forms, new constructional materials and techniques, as well new approaches to the maintenance, repair and operation of structures.

Download or read book Handbook of Port and Harbor Engineering written by Gregory Tsinker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 1085 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This indispensable handbook provides state-of-the-art information and common sense guidelines, covering the design, construction, modernization of port and harbor related marine structures. The design procedures and guidelines address the complex problems and illustrate factors that should be considered and included in appropriate design scenarios.

Download or read book Design of Pile Foundations written by Aleksandar Sedmak Vesić and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1977-01-01 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in Designing and Testing Deep Foundations written by Michael W. O'Neill and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Designing and Testing Deep Foundations contains 25 papers on designing, constructing, and testing various types of piles and piled rafts. This Geotechnical Special Publication No. 129 honors the late Professor Michael W. O'Neill, Ph.D., P.E., a distinguished educator and researcher who made significant contributions toward the advancement of the state-of-the-art and state-of-the-practice of deep foundations. Professor O'Neill played a critical role in investigating the load transfer mechanisms of various types of piles in soils and rocks and was internationally known for his work on drilled shafts, augered piles, and field testing of various types of piles. This publication is an effective means of sharing the advances in deep foundations with practitioners, researchers, and designers.

Download or read book Frontiers of Civil Engineering and Disaster Prevention and Control Volume 1 written by Yang Yang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-01-16 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frontiers of Civil Engineering and Disaster Prevention and Control is a compilation of selected papers from The 3rd International Conference on Civil, Architecture and Disaster Prevention and Control (CADPC 2022) and focuses on the research of architecture and disaster prevention in civil engineering. The proceedings features the most cutting-edge research directions and achievements related to construction technology and prevention and control of disaster. Subjects in this proceedings include: Construction Technology Seismicity in Civil Engineering High-Rise Building Construction Disaster Preparedness and Risk Reduction Smart Post-Disaster Rescue These proceedings will promote development of civil engineering and risk reduction, resource sharing, flexibility and high efficiency. Moreover, promote scientific information interchange between scholars from the top universities, research centers and high-tech enterprises working all around the world.