Download or read book Crustal Velocity Structure Across the Eastern Snake River Plain and the Yellowstone Swell written by Xiaohua Peng and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teleseismic receiver functions are used to estimate the crustal structure beneath a 36-station, 500-km-long, NW oriented linear array centered on the eastern Snake River Plain and crossing the Yellowstone hotspot swell 250 km SW of Yellowstone. Structure derived previously for this region from wide-angle reflection data is used as an initial model, and this structure explains most features observed in our receiver functions. Based on a combination of forward and inverse modeling, our data require several modifications to the initial structure: (1) Moho depth is ~42 km beneath most of the Snake River Plain, shallows to ~37 km to either side, and thickens abruptly to ~47 km beneath SW Wyoming; (2) a midcrustal layer interpreted previously as a ~9-km-thick gabbroic sill is flat topped across the entire ~90 km width of the Snake River Plain; and (3) a low-velocity layer is found beneath and southeast of the Snake River Plain, which probably is partially molten lower-most crust. Using the seismic structure of the crust to estimate the crustal load upon the mantle, and assuming local isostasy, we calculate that mantle beneath the Yellowstone swell is approximately uniformly as buoyant as 12-million-year-old ocean mantle, and more buoyant than the adjacent Wyoming mantle by an amount equivalent of ~1.5 km of elevation. The transition between these regions of greatly different mantle occurs across a major Paleozoic boundary that now separates the Basin and Range from the Rocky Mountains.
Download or read book Dynamics of Crustal Magma Transfer Storage and Differentiation written by Catherine Annen and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2008 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magmas are subject to a series of processes that lead to their differentiation during transfer through and storage within the Earth's crust. The depths and mechanisms of differentiation, the crustal contribution to magma generation through wall-rock assimilation, the rates and timescales of magma generation, transfer and storage, and how these link to the thermal state of the crust are subject to vivid debate and controversy. This volume presents a collection of research articles that provide a balanced overview of the diverse approaches available to elucidate these topics, and includes both theoretical models and case studies. By integrating petrological, geochemical and geophysical approaches, it provides new insights to the subject of magmatic processes operating within the Earth's crust, and reveals important links between subsurface processes and volcanism.
Download or read book Geology Hydrogeology and Environmental Remediation written by P. K. Link and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2002 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crustal Structure and Tectono magmatic Processes of the Yellowstone Snake River Plain Volcanic System from Gravity density and Lithospheric Strength Modeling with Seismic and Heat Flow Constraints written by Katrina Robb Settles and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tectonic and Magmatic Evolution of the Snake River Plain Volcanic Province written by Bill Bonnichsen and published by Idaho Geological Survey. This book was released on 2002 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book P and S Wave Velocity and VP VS in the Wake of the Yellowstone Hot Spot written by Derek Leigh Schutt and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismic V P , V S , and V P /V S structure is imaged across the Yellowstone hot spot swell, including the hot spot track where magmatism occurred at the eastern Snake River Plain 610 m.y. B.P. Data are teleseismic P and S travel time delays that have been corrected for the well-understood upper mantle anisotropy and crustal structure. Amplitude variations in the imaged structures are 6.2%, 11.2%, and 8% for V P , V S , and V P /V S , respectively. The dominant structure is a zone which extends beneath the Snake River Plain to a depth of 190 km that is high in V P /V S and low in V P and V S . The physical state of the upper mantle is inferred by assuming isostasy, using the volume of melt segregated from the mantle that is inferred from estimates of magma addition to the crust, and using relations that scale changes in temperature, partial melt fraction and composition to density. Specifically, we infer that the low-velocity mantle beneath the Snake River Plain is partially molten up to 1.0%, and the high-velocity Yellowstone swell mantle away from the Snake River Plain is 80 K cooler and 5% depleted in basaltic component. The imaged large seismic velocity variations occur under near isothermal conditions.
Download or read book Interior Western United States written by Joel L. Pederson and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geologic Field Trips to the Basin and Range Rocky Mountains Snake River Plain and Terranes of the U S Cordillera written by Jeffrey Lee and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2011 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compiled for the 2011 joint meeting of the GSA Rocky Mountain and Cordilleran Sections, this field guide provides an introduction to some of the remarkable geology of the Rocky Mountain and Cordillera regions.
Download or read book Crustal Structure of the Western United States written by C. Prodehl and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reinterpretation of seismic-refraction measurements made from 1961 to 1963 and a comparison with the crustal structure of central Europe.
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Volcano Tectonic Processes written by Valerio Acocella and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanoes have terrified and, at the same time, fascinated civilizations for thousands of years. Many aspects of volcanoes, most notably the eruptive processes and the compositional variations of magma, have been widely investigated for several decades and today constitute the core of any volcanology textbook. Nevertheless, in the last two decades, boosted by the availability of volcano monitoring data, there has been an increasing interest in the pre-eruptive processes related to the shallow accumulation and to the transfer of magma approaching the surface, as well as in the resulting structure of volcanoes. These are innovative and essential aspects of modern volcanology and, as driving volcanic unrest, their understanding also improves hazard assessment and eruption forecasting. So far, the significant progress made in unravelling these volcano-tectonic processes has not been supported by a comprehensive overview. This monograph aims at filling this gap, describing the pre-eruptive processes related to the structure, deformation and tectonics of volcanoes, at the local and regional scale, in any tectonic setting. The monograph is organized into three sections (“Fundamentals”, “Magma migration towards the surface” and “The regional perspective”), consisting of thirteen chapters that are lavishly illustrated. The reader is accompanied in a journey within the volcano factory, discovering the processes associated with the shallow accumulation of magma and its transfer towards the surface, how these control the structure of volcanoes and their activity and, ultimately, improve our ability to estimate hazard and forecast eruption. The potential readership includes any academic, researcher and upper undergraduate student interested in volcanology, magma intrusions, structural geology, tectonics, geodesy, as well as geology and geophysics in general.
Download or read book Crustal S wave Velocity Structure of the Yellowstone Region Using a Seismic Ambient Noise Method written by Yan Lu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Yellowstone volcano is one of the largest active volcanoes in the world, and its potential hazards demand detailed seismological and geodetic studies. Previous studies with travel time tomography and receiver functions have revealed a low-velocity layer in the crust beneath the Yellowstone volcano, suggesting the presence of a magma chamber at depth. We use ambient seismic noise from regional seismic stations to retrieve short-period surface waves and then study the shallow shear velocity structure of the Yellowstone region by surface wave dispersion analysis. We first obtained a crustal model of the area outside of the Yellowstone volcano and then constructed an absolute shear wave velocity structure in combination with receiver function results for the crust beneath the Yellowstone volcano. The velocity model shows a low-velocity layer with shear velocity at around 1.3 km/s, suggesting that a large-scale magma chamber exists at shallow levels within the crust of the Yellowstone volcanic region.
Download or read book Seismological Research Letters written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Using Seismic Methods to Constrain Mantle Convection Processes written by Mei Xue and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geologic Field trip Guide to the Volcanic and Hydrothermal Landscape of the Yellowstone Plateau written by Lisa A. Morgan and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book VP and VS Structure of the Yellowstone Hot Spot from Teleseismic Tomography written by Gregory Phillip Waite and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [1] The movement of the lithosphere over a stationary mantle magmatic source, often thought to be a mantle plume, explains key features of the 16 Ma Yellowstone?Snake River Plain volcanic system. However, the seismic signature of a Yellowstone plume has remained elusive because of the lack of adequate data. We employ new teleseismic P and S wave traveltime data to develop tomographic images of the Yellowstone hot spot upper mantle. The teleseismic data were recorded with two temporary seismograph arrays deployed in a 500 km by 600 km area centered on Yellowstone. Additional data from nearby regional seismic networks were incorporated into the data set. The VP and VS models reveal a strong low-velocity anomaly from ~50 to 200 km directly beneath the Yellowstone caldera and eastern Snake River Plain, as has been imaged in previous studies. Peak anomalies are -2.3% for VP and -5.5% for VS. A weaker, anomaly with a velocity perturbation of up to -1.0% VP and -2.5% VS continues to at least 400 km depth. This anomaly dips 30° from vertical, west-northwest to a location beneath the northern Rocky Mountains. We interpret the low-velocity body as a plume of upwelling hot, and possibly wet rock, from the mantle transition zone that promotes small-scale convection in the upper ~200 km of the mantle and long-lived volcanism. A high-velocity anomaly, 1.2% VP and 1.9% VS, is located at ~100 to 250 km depth southeast of Yellowstone and may represent a downwelling of colder, denser mantle material.
