Download or read book Categorical Perception of Emotional Expressions Key Results written by Korolkova Olga and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Existing studies of the categorical perception of facial expressions give mixed results. Expected maximum of accuracy in ABX discrimination task is ill-conditioned and only partially explained by results of identification task. Additional analysis of the results of research (5 experiments, up to 500 subjects, different stimulus sets) show the following important results. 1. Categories, related to facial expressions are experiential prototypical, according to E. Rosh theory, not categories, defined by feature set. The position of the border between categories varies individually. 2. Perceptual category prototypes show the perceptual magnet effect. In discrimination task it, expressed in preferred choice of the answers, more similar to the prototype. For the pair of images (A, B) in ABX discrimination task this effect may be expressed as Kerr = (N err_B - N err_A) / (N err_A + N err_B). Here N err_A is number of error answers A and N err_B is number of error answers B. Distribution of Kerr on a row of stimulus in discrimination task is approximately slant line (significantly less than 0 on one side of row and significantly greater than 0 on other side). 3. Perceptual category prototypes may differ in perceptual magnet u201cstrengthu201d. Relative u201cstrengthu201d of the pair of prototypes may be measured directly in special variant of discrimination task.4. Discrimination task may be solved, based not only on face on the whole, but on the partial features of face. The way of processing related to analytical / holistic style of perception. 5. Morphing, as procedure of construction of transitional row of stimulus, produce stimulus, equidistant in sense of point-to-point differences between images (Pearson correlation). In the same time discrimination efficiency of stimulus related to generalized differences (global and intermediate wavelet coefficients). 6. Conditions of discrimination task are specially established to reach efficiency slightly exceeding choice level. For different participants the level of difficulty may vary. Generally, we believe, that the perception of facial expressions directed to individually specific communication signals, not universal. Supported by The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, topic u2116 0159-2019-0009 (Multidimensionality of cognitive processes in communication).
Download or read book Visual Perception of Emotional and Conversational Facial Expressions written by Kathrin Kaulard and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2015-05-11 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the defining attributes of the human species is sophisticated communication, for which facial expressions are crucial. Traditional research has so far mainly investigated a minority of 6 basic emotional expressions displayed as pictures. Despite the important insights of this approach, its ecological validity is limited: facial movements express more than emotions, and facial expressions are more than just pictures. The objective of the present thesis is therefore to improve the understanding of facial expression recognition by investigating the internal representations of a large range of facial expressions, displayed both as static pictures and as dynamic videos. To this end, it was necessary to develop and validate a new facial expression database which includes 20.000 stimuli of 55 expressions (study 1). Perceptual representations of the six basic emotional expressions were found previously to rely on evaluation of valence and arousal; study 2 showed that this evaluation generalises to many more expressions, particularly when displayed as videos. While it is widely accepted that knowledge influences perception, how these are linked is largely unknown; study 3 investigated this question by asking how knowledge about facial expressions, instantiated as conceptual representations, relates to perceptual representations of these expressions. A strong link was found which changed with the kind of expressions and the type of display. In probably the most extensive behavioural studies (with regards to the number of facial expressions used) to date, this thesis suggests that there are commonalities but also differences in processing of emotional and of other types of facial expressions. Thus, to understand facial expression processing, one needs to consider more than the 6 basic emotional expressions. These findings outline first steps towards a new domain in facial expression research, which has implications for a number of research and application fields where facial expressions play a role, ranging from social, developmental, and clinical psychology to computer vision and affective computing research.
Download or read book On the Perception of Dynamic Emotional Expressions A Cross cultural Comparison written by Maria Teresa Riviello and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-05 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work explores the power of visual and vocal channels, in conveying emotional cues exploiting realistic, dynamic and mutually related emotional vocal and facial stimuli, and aims to report on a cross cultural comparison on how people from different Western Countries perceive emotional dynamic stimuli. The authors attempt to give an answer to the following questions evaluating the subjective perception of emotional states in the single (either visual or auditory channel) and the combined channels: - In a body-to-body interaction, the addressee exploits both the verbal and non-verbal communication modes to infer the speaker’s emotional state. Is such an informational content redundant? - Is the amount of information conveyed by each communication mode the same or is it different? - How much information about the speaker’s emotional state is conveyed by each mode and is there a preferential communication mode for a given emotional state? -To what extent the cultural specificity affect the decoding of the emotional information? The results are interpreted in terms of cognitive load, language expertise and stimulus dynamics. This book will be of interest to researchers and scholars in the field of Human Computer Interaction, Affective Computing, Psychology, Social Sciences .
Download or read book Focus on Nonverbal Communication Research written by Finley R. Lewis and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Often defined as communication without words, non-verbal communication (NVC) refers to all aspects of a message which are not conveyed by the literal meaning of words. Both written and spoken communication can be nonverbal. The main types of NVC are chronemics, kinesics, paralinguistics, proxemics and semiotics. Culture, gender and social status influence non-verbal communication. NVC also includes object communication and haptics or touch. Paralinguistic mechanisms include intonation, stress, rate of speech, and pauses or hesitations; non-linguistic behaviours include gestures, facial expressions, and body language, among others. This book brings forth new and important research in this field.
Download or read book Emotion and Aging Recent Evidence from Brain and Behavior written by Natalie Ebner and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-05-05 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emotions play a central role in every human life, from the moment we are born until we die. They prepare the body for action, guide decisions, and highlight what should be noticed and remembered. Since emotions are central to daily functioning and well-being, it is important to understand the extent to which aging affects the perception of, attention to, memory for, as well as experience and regulation of emotions. An early scientific view of how people's emotions are affected by aging argued that aging led to a deterioration of emotional function. This theory, represented by for example Carl Jung (1875-1961), claimed that old age is a period of life when people feel an increased emotional sameness and less emotional energy. According to this scientific view, the aging emotional landscape was bleached, barren, and flattened. Current psychological research, however, shows that emotion is rather a psychological domain that is relatively unaffected by the aging process or even improves with age, in contrast to most cognitive functions. For example, even though there is evidence that aging is associated with deficits in emotion recognition, various emotional functions seem to remain intact or become better with age, such as the ability to regulate one’s emotions or the extent of experiencing positive emotions. However, more research is needed to determine brain and behavior related, quantitative and qualitative age-related changes of different aspects of emotion processing and emotional functioning. In the current Frontiers research topic we aim to present exciting new findings related to the effects of healthy aging on both more perceptually driven bottom-up as well as more cognitively driven top-down aspects of emotions. In particular, questions such as the following need to be raised and addressed: What neural and behavioral processes are underlying age differences in emotion perception and memory for emotional information? Are there differences between how older and younger adults experience and regulate their emotions, and what drives these differences? Is there a gradual reduction or more of a qualitative change of our emotional experiences over the life cycle, from the turbulent childhood and youth to the mellower old age? And what aspects of age-related changes in emotional processing can be explained by age-related changes in the brain, and which are more affected by other factors such as changes in other body systems, in experiential processes, or in overall life goals?
Download or read book Proceedings of the European Cognitive Science Conference 2007 written by Stella Vosniadou and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 975 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the invited lectures, invited symposia, symposia, papers and posters presented at the 2nd European Cognitive Science Conference held in Greece in May 2007. The papers presented in this volume range from empirical psychological studies and computational models to philosophical arguments, meta-analyses and even to neuroscientific experimentation. The quality of the work shows that the Cognitive Science Society in Europe is an exciting and vibrant one. There are 210 contributions by cognitive scientists from 27 different countries, including USA, France, UK, Germany, Greece, Italy, Belgium, Japan, Spain, the Netherlands, and Australia. This book will be of interest to anyone concerned with current research in Cognitive Science.
Download or read book From Gesture to Language in Hearing and Deaf Children written by Virginia Volterra and published by Gallaudet University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 21 essays on communicative gesturing in the first two years of life, this vital collection demonstrates the importance of gesture in a child's transition to a linguistic system. Introductions preceding each section emphasize the parallels between the findings in these studies and the general body of scholarship devoted to the process of spoken language acquisition. Renowned scholars contributing to this volume include Ursula Bellugi, Judy Snitzer Reilly, Susan Goldwin-Meadow, Andrew Lock, M. Chiara Levorato, and many others.
Download or read book Facial Expression Recognition written by A W Young and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the World Library of Psychologists series, international experts themselves present career-long collections of what they judge to be their finest pieces - extracts from books, key articles, salient research findings, and their major theoretical and practical contributions. This volume of self-selected papers recognises Andy Young’s major contribution to the study of face perception, for which he received the BPS Lifetime Achievement Award in 2013. Focusing on his work in facial expression recognition, a specially written introduction gives an overview of his work and contextualises the selection in relation to developments in the field during this time. Divided into five distinct sections, the book covers work on both theoretical and experimental approaches to facial expression recognition, neuropsychology, functional brain imaging, and applications of research. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers of cognitive psychology or neuropsychology interested in face perception. It will also appeal to those with an interest in the highly varied applications of the research and provide insight into a number of clinical disorders.
Download or read book The Human Face written by Mary Katsikitis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume marks the first time that a collection of contemporary facial scoring techniques and their utility, whether clinical, experimental, theoretical, or otherwise, follows an historical introduction of the area, thereby recording the developmental history of this science.
Download or read book Categorical Perception written by Stevan R. Harnad and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-07-27 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do we sort the objects, people, events, and ideas in the world into their proper categories so that we may experience and interact with them? This fundamental question about human--and animal--perception and cognition is the subject of Categorical Perception, a comprehensive survey of a wide range of important research findings on the subject. The volume brings together all known examples of categorical perception, from research on humans and animals, infants and adults, in all the sense modalities: hearing, seeing, and touch. The perceptual findings are then interpreted in terms of the available cognitive and neuroscientific theories of how categorical perception is accomplished by the brain. Research on elementary perceptual and psychophysical categories is then compared with work on higher order categories such as objects, patterns, and abstract concepts. The book proceeds to an integrative view of categorization in general by exploring the most thoroughly investigated case of categorical perception--speech perception.
Download or read book Emotions in the Human Voice Volume 3 written by Krzysztof Izdebski and published by Plural Publishing. This book was released on 2008-08-08 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Computational Geometric and Process Perspectives on Facial Cognition written by Michael J. Wenger and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005-04-11 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the last three decades, interest in the psychological experience of human faces has drawn together cognitive science researchers from diverse backgrounds. Computer scientists talk to neural scientists who draw on the work of mathematicians who explicitly influence those conducting behavioral experiments. The chapters in this volume illustrate the breadth of the research on facial perception and memory, with the emphasis being on mathematical and computational approaches. In pulling together these chapters, the editors sought to do much more than illustrate breadth. They endeavored as well to illustrate the synergies and tensions that inevitably result from adopting a broad view, one consistent with the emerging discipline of cognitive science.
Download or read book Neurobiological Systems Underlying Reward and Emotions in Social Settings written by Anna-Lena Zietlow and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Language and Social Psychology written by Thomas M. Holtgraves and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-02 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language pervades everything we do as social beings. It is, in fact, difficult to disentangle language from social life, and hence its importance is often missed. The emergence of new communication technologies makes this even more striking. People come to "know" one another through these interactions without ever having met face-to-face. How? Through the words they use and the way they use them. The Oxford Handbook of Language and Social Psychology is a unique and innovative compilation of research that lies at the intersection of language and social psychology. Language is viewed as a social activity, and to understand this complex human activity requires a consideration of its social psychological underpinnings. Moreover, as a social activity, the use and in fact the existence of language has implications for a host of traditional social psychological processes. Hence, there is a reciprocal relationship between language and social psychology, and it is this reciprocal relationship that defines the essence of this handbook. The handbook is divided into six sections. The first two sections focus on the social underpinnings of language, that is, the social coordination required to use language, as well as the manner in which language and broad social dimensions such as culture mutually constitute one another. The next two sections consider the implications of language for a host of traditional social psychological topics, including both intraindividual (e.g., attribution) and interindividual (e.g., intergroup relations) processes. The fifth section examines the role of language in the creation of meaning, and the final section includes chapters documenting the importance of the language-social psychology interface for a number of applied areas.
Download or read book Concept Formation written by Douglas H. Fisher and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concept Formation: Knowledge and Experience in Unsupervised Learning presents the interdisciplinary interaction between machine learning and cognitive psychology on unsupervised incremental methods. This book focuses on measures of similarity, strategies for robust incremental learning, and the psychological consistency of various approaches. Organized into three parts encompassing 15 chapters, this book begins with an overview of inductive concept learning in machine learning and psychology, with emphasis on issues that distinguish concept formation from more prevalent supervised methods and from numeric and conceptual clustering. This text then describes the cognitive consistency of two concept formation systems that are motivated by a rational analysis of human behavior relative to a variety of psychological phenomena. Other chapters consider the merits of various schemes for representing and acquiring knowledge during concept formation. This book discusses as well the earliest work in concept formation. The final chapter deals with acquisition of quantity conservation in developmental psychology. This book is a valuable resource for psychologists and cognitive scientists.
Download or read book The Psychological Construction of Emotion written by Lisa Feldman Barrett and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2014-10-29 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents cutting-edge theory and research on emotions as constructed events rather than fixed, essential entities. It provides a thorough introduction to the assumptions, hypotheses, and scientific methods that embody psychological constructionist approaches. Leading scholars examine the neurobiological, cognitive/perceptual, and social processes that give rise to the experiences Western cultures call sadness, anger, fear, and so on. The book explores such compelling questions as how the brain creates emotional experiences, whether the "ingredients" of emotions also give rise to other mental states, and how to define what is or is not an emotion. Introductory and concluding chapters by the editors identify key themes and controversies and compare psychological construction to other theories of emotion.
Download or read book The Science of Facial Expression written by José-Miguel Fernández-Dols and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-14 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of facial expressions has led to a steadily growing body of empirical findings and theoretical analyses. Every decade has seen work that extends or challenges previous thinking on facial expression. The Science of Facial Expression provides an updated review of the current psychology of facial expression . This book summarizes current conclusions and conceptual frameworks from leading figures who have shaped the field in their various subfields, and will therefore be of interest to practitioners, students, and researchers of emotion in cognitive psychology, neuroscience, biology, anthropology, linguistics, affective computing, and homeland security. Organized in eleven thematic sections, The Science of Facial Expression offers a broad perspective of the "geography" of the science of facial expression. It reviews the scientific history of emotion perception and the evolutionary origins and functions of facial expression. It includes an updated compilation on the great debate around Basic Emotion Theory versus Behavioral Ecology and Psychological constructionism. The developmental psychology and social psychology of facial expressions is explored in the role of facial expressions in child development, social interactions, and culture. The book also covers appraisal theory, concepts, neural and behavioral processes, and lesser-known facial behaviors such as yawing, vocal crying, and vomiting. In addition, the book reflects that research on the "expression of emotion" is moving towards a significance of context in the production and interpretation of facial expression The authors expose various fundamental questions and controversies yet to be resolved, but in doing so, open many sources of inspiration to pursue in the scientific study of facial expression.
