Download or read book Biology and biochemistry of host pathogen interactions in marine brown algae written by Frithjof Christian Küpper and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-10-13 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Associations of marine algae with symbiotic or parasitic microorganisms are ubiquitous phenomena known for a long time. However, there is an almost complete lack of knowledge on details of such interactions. The intention of this study is to use the potentials of modern biological and biochemical techniques in order to analyze the reaction of brown algal hosts to the attack by pathogens and epibionts. A 3-year field study at different localities on the European Atlantic coast revealed that Pylaiella littoralis populations were subject to massive epidemics of the parasites Eurychasma dicksonii, Chytridium polysiphoniae and Anisolpidium rosenvingei. Laboratory cultures were used to investigate the association of Eurychasma and Chytridium with brown algal hosts from different taxonomic groups: Eurychasma has a much broader host range than Chytridium, comprising members of all brown algal orders investigated, and it tolerates a wider range of temperatures than the latter. Phylogenetic studies based upon 18 S rRNA genes revealed that Eurychasma dicksonii belongs to the Oomycota, branching at an ancestral position between terrestrial plant pathogens and free-living members of the marine heterotrophic picoplankton. Chytridium polysiphoniae, a fungus, appears more closely related to the genera Rhizophydium and Spizellomyces (Chytridiomycota) than to other known Chytridium species. Chytridium produces chitin, whilst Eurychasma does not. Early stages of Eurychasma infection have a rather modest effect on host physiology. The photosynthetic capacity is enhanced, suggesting a temporary stimulation of host metabolism for hypertrophic growth. Chytridium, in contrast, has an immediate detrimental effect on host photosynthesis, which breaks down once a cell is infected, leading to the rapid death of infected cells.
Download or read book Environmental Biodegradation Research Focus written by B. Y. Wang and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Environemntal Biodegradation Research Focus' is devoted to leading-edge research on environmental biodegradation which is the destruction of organic compounds by microorganisms.
Download or read book Marine Chemical Ecology written by James B. McClintock and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-13 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interdisciplinary field of marine chemical ecology is an expanding and dynamic science. It is no surprise that the breadth of marine organisms studied expanded in concert with developments in underwater technology. With its up-to-date subject reviews by experts, Marine Chemical Ecology is the most current, comprehensive book on the subject. The
Download or read book CBM written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nineteenth International Seaweed Symposium written by Michael A. Borowitzka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-11 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Proceedings of the 19th International Seaweed Symposium provides an invaluable reference to a wide range of fields in applied phycology. Papers cover topics as diverse as the systematics, ecology, physiology, integrated multitrophic aquaculture, commercial applications, carbohydrate chemistry and applications, harvesting biology, cultivation of seaweeds and microalgae and more. Contributions from all parts of the world give the volume exceptional relevance in an increasingly global scientific and commercial climate. Like its predecessors, this volume provides a benchmark of progress in all fields of applied seaweed science and management, and will be referred to for many years to come.
Download or read book The Ecology and Evolution of Inducible Defenses written by Ralph Tollrian and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1999-01-17 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inducible defenses--those often dramatic phenotypic shifts in prey activated by biological agents ranging from predators to pathogens--are widespread in the natural world. Yet research on the inducible defenses used by vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants in terrestrial, marine, and freshwater habitats has largely developed along independent lines. Tollrian and Harvell bring together leading researchers from all fields to review common themes and explore emerging ideas. Contributors examine organisms as different as unicellular algae and higher vertebrates, and consider defenses ranging from immune systems to protective changes in morphology, behavior, chemistry, and life history.
Download or read book Guide to Graduate Study in Botany for the United States and Canada written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Products From Marine Algae written by Dagmar B. Stengel and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-10-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a fundamental overview of the current state of the art in natural products from marine algae, linking the complex and diverse natural resource with recent developments in extraction, analytical and bioactivity testing methodologies. Natural Products from Marine Algae: Methods and Protocols guides readers through protocols and techniques on algal biotechnology, metabolites, Solid-Liquid Extraction (SLE), Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE), Liquid Chromatography, Gas Chromatography, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Infra-red spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Natural Products from Marine Algae: Methods and Protocols hopes to aid scientists unravel and quantify algal chemical diversity and support further marine biotechnological developments.
Download or read book Environmental Microbiology Fundamentals and Applications written by Jean-Claude Bertrand and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-26 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a treatise on microbial ecology that covers traditional and cutting-edge issues in the ecology of microbes in the biosphere. It emphasizes on study tools, microbial taxonomy and the fundamentals of microbial activities and interactions within their communities and environment as well as on the related food web dynamics and biogeochemical cycling. The work exceeds the traditional domain of microbial ecology by revisiting the evolution of cellular prokaryotes and eukaryotes and stressing the general principles of ecology. The overview of the topics, authored by more than 80 specialists, is one of the broadest in the field of environmental microbiology. The overview of the topics, authored by more than 80 specialists, is one of the broadest in the field of environmental microbiology.
Download or read book Plant Virus Evolution written by Marilyn J. Roossinck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-23 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive look at the field of plant virus evolution. It is the first book ever published on the topic. Individual chapters, written by experts in the field, cover plant virus ecology, emerging viruses, plant viruses that integrate into the host genome, population biology, evolutionary mechanisms and appropriate methods for analysis. It covers RNA viruses, DNA viruses, pararetroviruses and viroids, and presents a number of thought-provoking ideas.
Download or read book Seagrasses of Australia written by Anthony W. D. Larkum and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes the place of “Biology of Seagrasses: A Treatise on the Biology of Seagrasses with Special Reference to the Australian Region”, co-edited by A.W.D. Larkum, A.J. MaCComb and S.A. Shepherd and published by Elsevier in 1989. The first book has been influential, but it is now 25 years since it was published and seagrass studies have progressed and developed considerably since then. The design of the current book follows in the steps of the first book. There are chapters on taxonomy, floral biology, biogeography and regional studies. The regional studies emphasize the importance of Australia having over half of the world’s 62 species, including some ten species published for Australia since the previous book. There are a number of chapters on ecology and biogeography; fish biology and fisheries and dugong biology are prominent chapters. Physiological aspects again play an important part, including new knowledge on the role of hydrogen sulphide in sediments and on photosynthetic processes. Climate change, pollution and environmental degradation this time gain an even more important part of the book. Decline of seagrasses around Australia are also discussed in detail in several chapters. Since the first book was published two new areas have received special attention: blue carbon and genomic studies. Seagrasses are now known to be a very important player in the formation of blue carbon, i.e. carbon that has a long turnover time in soils and sediments. Alongside salt marshes and mangroves, seagrasses are now recognized as playing a very important role in the formation of blue carbon. And because Australia has such an abundance and variety of seagrasses, their role in blue carbon production and turnover is of great importance. The first whole genomes of seagrasses are now available and Australia has played an important role here. It appears that seagrasses have several different suites of genes as compared with other (land) plants and even in comparison with freshwater hydrophytes. This difference is leading to important molecular biological studies where the new knowledge will be important to the understanding and conservation of seagrass ecosystems in Australia. Thus by reason of its natural abundance of diverse seagrasses and a sophisticated seagrass research community in Australia it is possible to produce a book which will be attractive to marine biologists, coastal scientists and conservationists from many countries around the world.
Download or read book Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-19 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent and forecasted advances in microbiology, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry have made it timely to reassess the current paradigm of relying predominantly or exclusively on traditional bacterial indicators for all types of waterborne pathogens. Nonetheless, indicator approaches will still be required for the foreseeable future because it is not practical or feasible to monitor for the complete spectrum of microorganisms that may occur in water, and many known pathogens are difficult to detect directly and reliably in water samples. This comprehensive report recommends the development and use of a "tool box" approach by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency and others for assessing microbial water quality in which available indicator organisms (and/or pathogens in some cases) and detection method(s) are matched to the requirements of a particular application. The report further recommends the use of a phased, three-level monitoring framework to support the selection of indicators and indicator approaches.Â
Download or read book The Chemistry of Microbiomes written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-19 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st century has witnessed a complete revolution in the understanding and description of bacteria in eco- systems and microbial assemblages, and how they are regulated by complex interactions among microbes, hosts, and environments. The human organism is no longer considered a monolithic assembly of tissues, but is instead a true ecosystem composed of human cells, bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses. As such, humans are not unlike other complex ecosystems containing microbial assemblages observed in the marine and earth environments. They all share a basic functional principle: Chemical communication is the universal language that allows such groups to properly function together. These chemical networks regulate interactions like metabolic exchange, antibiosis and symbiosis, and communication. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Chemical Sciences Roundtable organized a series of four seminars in the autumn of 2016 to explore the current advances, opportunities, and challenges toward unveiling this "chemical dark matter" and its role in the regulation and function of different ecosystems. The first three focused on specific ecosystemsâ€"earth, marine, and humanâ€"and the last on all microbiome systems. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the seminars.
Download or read book The Journal of Experimental Biology written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Marine Biology written by George Karleskint (Jr.) and published by Cengage Learning. This book was released on 2013 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INTRODUCTION TO MARINE BIOLOGY, 4E, International Edition sparks curiosity about the marine world and provides an understanding of the process of science. Taking an ecological approach and intended for non-science majors, the text provides succinct coverage of the content while the photos and art clearly illustrate key concepts. Studying is made easy with phonetic pronunciations, a running glossary of key terms, end-of-chapter questions, and suggestions for further reading at the end of each chapter. The open look and feel of INTRODUCTION TO MARINE BIOLOGY, 4E, International Edition and the enhanced art program convey the beauty and awe of life in the ocean. Twenty spectacular photos open the chapters, piquing the motivation and attention of students, and over 60 photos and pieces of art are new or redesigned.
Download or read book Progress in Phycological Research written by Frank Eric Round and published by . This book was released on 1999-10 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Environmental Biotechnology written by S. K. Agarwal and published by APH Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnology is the umbrella term that covers various techniques to restore ecological balance. It stands on the understanding of molecular basis of cell functions and our ability to after cell functions to produce products required by the society.
