Download or read book Rarefied Gas Dynamics written by M. Capitelli and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2005-06-21 with total page 1386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book contains papers presented at the 24th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, a conference that is recognized as the principal forum for the presentation of recent advances in the field of rarefied gas dynamics. The topics include fundamental aspects of Boltzmann and related equations, transport theory, Monte Carlo methods, kinetic theory, gas phase molecular collision dynamics, gas surface interaction, state to state kinetics, rarefied plasmas, and non-equilibrium plasma kinetics. Applications in the fields of internal flows, vacuum systems, rarefied jets, plumes, molecular beams, scamjets and hypersonics, microflows, granular gases, electrical thrusters are discussed. Researchers in the fields of mathematics, physics, chemistry and engineering can strongly benefit from the interdisciplinary nature of the book.
Download or read book The Validity of Classical Nucleation Theory and Its Application to Dislocation Nucleation written by Seunghwa Ryu and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nucleation has been the subject of intense research because it plays an important role in the dynamics of most first-order phase transitions. The standard theory to describe the nucleation phenomena is the classical nucleation theory (CNT) because it correctly captures the qualitative features of the nucleation process. However potential problems with CNT have been suggested by previous studies. We systematically test the individual components of CNT by computer simulations of the Ising model and find that it accurately predicts the nucleation rate if the correct droplet free energy computed by umbrella sampling is provided as input. This validates the fundamental assumption of CNT that the system can be coarse grained into a one dimensional Markov chain with the largest droplet size as the reaction coordinate. Employing similar simulation techniques, we study the dislocation nucleation which is essential to our understanding of plastic deformation, ductility, and mechanical strength of crystalline materials. We show that dislocation nucleation rates can be accurately predicted over a wide range of conditions using CNT with the activation free energy determined by umbrella sampling. Our data reveal very large activation entropies, which contribute a multiplicative factor of many orders of magnitude to the nucleation rate. The activation entropy at constant strain is caused by thermal expansion, with negligible contribution from the vibrational entropy. The activation entropy at constant stress is significantly larger than that at constant strain, as a result of thermal softening. The large activation entropies are caused by anharmonic effects, showing the limitations of the harmonic approximation widely used for rate estimation in solids. Similar behaviors are expected to occur in other nucleation processes in solids.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Industrial Crystallization written by Allan Myerson and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2002-01-08 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystallization is an important separation and purification process used in industries ranging from bulk commodity chemicals to specialty chemicals and pharmaceuticals. In recent years, a number of environmental applications have also come to rely on crystallization in waste treatment and recycling processes.The authors provide an introduction to the field of newcomers and a reference to those involved in the various aspects of industrial crystallization. It is a complete volume covering all aspects of industrial crystallization, including material related to both fundamentals and applications. This new edition presents detailed material on crystallization of biomolecules, precipitation, impurity-crystal interactions, solubility, and design.Provides an ideal introduction for industrial crystallization newcomers Serves as a worthwhile reference to anyone involved in the fieldCovers all aspects of industrial crystallization in a single, complete volume
Download or read book Nucleation Theory and Applications written by Jürn W. P. Schmelzer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of recent developments in the field of first-order phase transitions, which may be considered a continuation of the previous work 'Aggregation Phenomena in Complex Systems', covering work done and discussed since then. Each chapter features a different aspect of the field written by international specialists, and covers such topics as nucleation and crystallization kinetic of silicate glasses, nucleation in concentration gradients, the determination of coefficients of emission of nucleation theory, diamonds from vitreous carbon.
Download or read book AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit 42nd written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Classical Nucleation Theory in Multicomponent Systems written by Hanna Vehkamäki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-22 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nucleation is the initial step of every first-order phase transition, and most phase transitions encountered both in everyday life and industrial processes are of the first-order. Using an elegant classical theory based on thermodynamics and kinetics, this book provides a fully detailed picture of multi-component nucleation. As many of the issues concerning multi-component nucleation theory have been solved during the last 10-15 years, it also thoroughly integrates both fundamental theory with recent advances presented in the literature. Classical Nucleation Theory in Multicomponent Systems serves as a textbook for advanced thermodynamics courses, as well as an important reference for researchers in the field. The main topics covered are: the basic relevant thermodynamics and statistical physics; modelling a molecular cluster as a spherical liquid droplet; predicting the size and composition of the nucleating critical clusters; kinetic models for cluster growth and decay; calculating nucleation rates; and a full derivation and application of nucleation theorems that can be used to extract microscopic cluster properties from nucleation rate measurements. The assumptions and approximations needed to build the classical theory are described in detail, and the reasons why the theory fails in certain cases are explained. Relevant problems are presented at the end of each chapter.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Inhomogeneous Fluids written by Douglas Henderson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-17 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A monograph examining recent progress in the field of inhomogeneous fluids, focusing on the theoretical - as well as experimental - techniques used. It presents the comprehensive theory of first-order phase transitions, including melting, and contains numerous figures, tables and display equations.;The contributors treat such subjects as: exact sum rules for inhomogenous fluids, explaining density functional and integral equation methods; exact solutions for two-dimensional homogeneous and inhomogeneous plasmas; current advances in the theory of interfacial electrochemistry; wetting experiments and the theory of wetting; freezing, with an emphasis on quantum systems and homogeneous nucleation in liquid-vapour and solid-liquid transitions; self-organizing liquids as well as kinetic phenomena in inhomogeneous fluids, using a modified Enskog theory.;Featuring over 1000 bibliographic citations, this volume is aimed at physical, surface, colloid and surfactant chemists; also physicists, electrochemists and graduate-level students in these disciplines.
Download or read book Homogeneous Nucleation Theory written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics written by Howard W. Emmons and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-08 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume II of the High Speed Aerodynamics and Jet Propulsion series. The series which stress the more fundamental aspects of the various phenomena that make up the broad field of aeronautical science. The aerodynamicist and gas dynamicist will find both the classical and the important new concepts of gas dynamics presented in an informative and stimulating manner. Specialists in the study of gas dynamics have contributed Sections as follows: H. S. Tsien, The Equations of Gas Dynamics; L. Crocco, One-Dimensional Treatment of Steady Gas Dynamics; A. Kantrowitz, One-Dimensional Treatment of Nonsteady Gas Dynamics; W. Hayes, The Basic Theory of Gasdynamic Discontinuities; H. Polachek and R. J. Seeger, Shock Wave Interactions; H. G. Stever, Condensation Phenomena in High Speed Flows; T. H. Von Karman, H. W. Emmons, G. I. Taylor, and R. S. Tankin, Gas Dynamics of Combustion and Detonation; S. Schaaf and P. Chambre, Flow of Rarefied Gases. Originally published in 1958. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book NASA Technical Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nucleation Theory and Growth of Nanostructures written by Vladimir G. Dubrovskii and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-04 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductor nanostructures such as nanowires are promising building blocks of future nanoelectronic, nanophotonic and nanosensing devices. Their physical properties are primarily determined by the epitaxy process which is rather different from the conventional thin film growth. This book shows how the advanced nucleation theory can be used in modeling of growth properties, morphology and crystal phase of such nanostructures. The book represents a systematic account of modern nucleation theory in open systems, nanostructure nucleation and growth mechanisms, and possibilities for tuning the nanostructure properties to the desired values.
Download or read book Molecules in Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets written by Alkwin Slenczka and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-28 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book covers recent advances in experiments using the ultra-cold, very weakly perturbing superfluid environment provided by helium nanodroplets for high resolution spectroscopic, structural and dynamic studies of molecules and synthetic clusters. The recent infra-red, UV-Vis studies of radicals, molecules, clusters, ions and biomolecules, as well as laser dynamical and laser orientational studies, are reviewed. The Coulomb explosion studies of the uniquely quantum structures of small helium clusters, X-ray imaging of large droplets and electron diffraction of embedded molecules are also described. Particular emphasis is given to the synthesis and detection of new species by mass spectrometry and deposition electron microscopy.
Download or read book Nucleation Theory written by V.I. Kalikmanov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-28 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most striking phenomena in condensed matter physics is the occurrence of abrupt transitions in the structure of a substance at certain temperatures or pressures. These are first order phase transitions, and examples such as the freezing of water are familiar in everyday life. The conditions at which the transformation takes place can sometimes vary. For example, the freezing point of water is not always 0°C, but the liquid can be supercooled considerably if it is pure enough and treated carefully. The reason for this phenomenon is nucleation. This monograph covers all major available routes of theoretical research of nucleation phenomena (phenomenological models, semi-phenomenological theories, density functional theories, microscopic and semi-microscopic approaches), with emphasis on the formation of liquid droplets from a metastable vapor. Also, it illustrates the application of these various approaches to experimentally relevant problems. In spite of the familiarity of the involved phenomena, it is still impossible to calculate nucleation accurately, as the properties and the kinetics of the daughter phase are insufficiently well known. Existing theories based upon classical nucleation theory have on the whole explained the trends in behavior correctly. However they often fail spectacularly to account for new data, in particular in the case of binary or, more generally, multi-component nucleation. The current challenge of this book is to go beyond such classical models and provide a more satisfactory theory by using density functional theory and microscopic computer simulations in order to describe the properties of small clusters. Also, semi-phenomenological models are proposed, which attempt to relate the properties of small clusters to known properties of the bulk phases. This monograph is an introduction as well as a compendium to researchers in soft condensed matter physics and chemical physics, graduate and post-graduate students in physics and chemistry starting on research in the area of nucleation, and to experimentalists wishing to gain a better understanding of the efforts being made to account for their data.
Download or read book AIAA Journal written by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Computational Thermodynamics of Materials written by Zi-Kui Liu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-06-30 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrates fundamental concepts with experimental data and practical applications, including worked examples and end-of-chapter problems.
Download or read book Condensed Matter Field Theory written by Alexander Altland and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-11 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This primer is aimed at elevating graduate students of condensed matter theory to a level where they can engage in independent research. Topics covered include second quantisation, path and functional field integration, mean-field theory and collective phenomena.
