Download or read book Using GPS for Studying Pastoral Mobility written by Hanne Kirstine Adriansen and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1997, I embarked on a PhD to study mobility among nomadic pastoralists in Senegal. Previous studies had largely been conducted by anthropologists who through ethnographic fieldwork followed the nomadic pastoralists for long periods of time and did their own sketches of the movements. As a human geographer familiar with satellite remote sensing and geographic information system, I pondered how these relatively new technologies could be combined with classic ethnographic fieldwork, which we also use in human geography. I decided to use handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) devices for tracking the pastoralists and their herds. My study was, as far as I know, the first one to use GPS for studying pastoral mobility. A total of 10 pastoralists were trained in using a GPS device and asked to map their movements. This information was combined with satellite imagery, on one hand, and qualitative interviews, on the other. This case study provides an account of the practical aspects of using GPS, taking the reader to the heart of some methodological issues that arose in the course of the research. The case sheds light on the particular challenges in using GPS for eliciting information about pastoral mobility. Thinking about such challenges leads to more general considerations about how to understand mobility not only of nomadic pastoralists. Particular attention is paid to the use of GPSbased maps as a prop for assisting qualitative interviewing, as a fruitful way of drawing out deeper understandings of the use of mobility and what mobility entails from the interviewees point of view.
Download or read book Geographies of Rural Cultures and Societies written by Moya Kneafsey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last decade or so has witnessed a flourishing of research in rural geography; in particular, approaches which have developed socio-cultural perspectives on rural issues. This book brings together well-established and newer researchers to examine the position of rural social and cultural geography at the beginning of the 21st century and to suggest new research agendas. It offers critical evaluations of theoretical positions and advances, introduces new conceptual and methodological tools and reports on recent empirical work on a variety of topical issues in a number of countries. With diverse theoretical and empirical content, the book makes a valuable contribution to the development of research into changing social and cultural geographies of rurality in 'developed' or 'Western' countries.
Download or read book Global Perspectives on Long Term Community Resource Management written by Ludomir R. Lozny and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communal-level resource management successes and failures comprise complex interactions that involve local, regional, and (increasingly) global scale political, economic, and environmental changes, shown to have recurring patterns and trajectories. The human past provides examples of long-term millennial and century-scale successes followed by undesired transitions (“collapse”), and rapid failure of collaborative management cooperation on the decadal scale. Management of scarce resources and common properties presents a critical challenge for planners attempting to avoid the "tragedy of the commons" in this century. Here, anthropologists, human ecologists, archaeologists, and environmental scientists discuss strategies for social well-being in the context of diminishing resources and increasing competition. The contributors in this volume revisit “tragedy of the commons” (also referred to as “drama” or “comedy” of the commons) and examine new data and theories to mitigate pressures and devise models for sustainable communal welfare and development. They present twelve archaeological, historic, and ethnographic cases of user-managed resources to demonstrate that very basic community-level participatory governance can be a successful strategy to manage short-term risk and benefits. The book connects past-present-future by presenting geographically and chronologically spaced out examples of communal-level governance strategies, and overviews of the current cutting-edge research. The lesson we learn from studying past responses to various ecological stresses is that we must not wait for a disaster to happen to react, but must react to mitigate conditions for emerging disasters.
Download or read book The Governance of Rangelands written by Pedro M. Herrera and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-10-10 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rangelands are large natural landscapes that can include grasslands, shrublands, savannahs and woodlands. They are greatly influenced by, and often dependent on, the action of herbivores. In the majority of rangelands the dominant herbivores are found in domestic herds that are managed by mobile pastoralists. Most pastoralists manage their rangelands communally, benefitting from the greater flexibility and seasonal resource access that common property regimes can offer. As this book shows, this creates a major challenge for governance and institutions. This work improves our understanding of the importance of governance, how it can be strengthened and the principles that underpin good governance, in order to prevent degradation of rangelands and ensure their sustainability. It describes the nature of governance at different levels: community governance, state governance, international governance, and the unique features of rangelands that demand collective action (issues of scale, ecological disequilibrium and seasonality). A series of country case studies is presented, drawn from a wide spectrum of examples from Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, Europe and North America. These provide contrasting lessons which are summarised to promote improved governance of rangelands and pastoralist livelihoods.
Download or read book Indigenous Knowledge of Borana Pastoralists in Natural Resource Management written by Sabine Homann and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2005 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reconstructing Mobility written by Kristian J. Carlson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-05 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assembles a collection of experts to provide a current account of different approaches (e.g., traditional, comparative and experimental) being applied to study mobility. Moreover, the book aims to stimulate new theoretical perspectives that adopt a holistic view of the interaction among intrinsic (i.e. skeletal) and extrinsic (i.e. environmental) factors that influence differential expression of mobility. Since the environment undoubtedly impacts mobility of a wide variety of animals, insights into human mobility, as a concept, can be improved by extending approaches to investigating comparable environmental influences on mobility in animals in general. The book teases apart environmental effects that transcend typical categories (e.g., coastal versus inland, mountainous versus level, arboreal versus terrestrial). Such an approach, when coupled with a new emphasis on mobility as types of activities rather than activity levels, offers a fresh, insightful perspective on mobility and how it might affect the musculoskeletal system.
Download or read book Sociological Abstracts written by Leo P. Chall and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CSA Sociological Abstracts abstracts and indexes the international literature in sociology and related disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences. The database provides abstracts of journal articles and citations to book reviews drawn from over 1,800+ serials publications, and also provides abstracts of books, book chapters, dissertations, and conference papers.
Download or read book GIS for Environmental Applications written by Xuan Zhu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-26 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GIS for Environmental Applications provides a practical introduction to the principles, methods, techniques and tools in GIS for spatial data management, analysis, modelling and visualisation, and their applications in environmental problem solving and decision making. It covers the fundamental concepts, principles and techniques in spatial data, spatial data management, spatial analysis and modelling, spatial visualisation, spatial interpolation, spatial statistics, and remote sensing data analysis, as well as demonstrates the typical environmental applications of GIS, including terrain analysis, hydrological modelling, land use analysis and modelling, ecological modelling, and ecosystem service valuation. Case studies are used in the text to contextualise these subjects in the real world, examples and detailed tutorials are provided in each chapter to show how the GIS techniques and tools introduced in the chapter can be implemented using ESRI ArcGIS (a popular GIS software system for environmental applications) and other third party extensions to ArcGIS to address. The emphasis is placed on how to apply or implement the concepts and techniques of GIS through illustrative examples with step-by-step instructions and numerous annotated screen shots. The features include: Over 350 figures and tables illustrating how to apply or implement the concepts and techniques of GIS Learning objectives along with the end-of-chapter review questions Authoritative references at the end of each chapter GIS data files for all examples as well as PowerPoint presentations for each chapter downloadable from the companion website. GIS for Environmental Applications weaves theory and practice together, assimilates the most current GIS knowledge and tools relevant to environmental research, management and planning, and provides step-by-step tutorials with practical applications. This volume will be an indispensable resource for any students taking a module on GIS for the environment.
Download or read book Isotopic Investigations of Pastoralism in Prehistory written by Alicia R. Ventresca Miller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pastoralists were a vital economic and social force in ancient societies around the globe, transforming landscapes poorly suited for agriculture into spaces of vast productive potential while simultaneously connecting mobile and sedentary communities alike across considerable distances. Drawing from the rich archaeological records of Asia, Africa, and Europe, Isotopic Investigations of Pastoralism in Prehistory brings together the latest studies employing heavy and light stable isotopic analyses of humans and animals to investigate pastoralist diets, movement, and animal management strategies. The contributions presented in this volume highlight new methodological developments while simultaneously drawing attention to the diverse environmental factors that contribute to isotopic variation in human, plant, and animal tissues. Particular attention is paid to how pastoralist decisions regarding animal pasturing and mobility can be teased out of complex isotopic datasets, and also to the challenges in extracting information on the scales of human mobility in pastoralist landscapes. This volume will appeal to scholars in archaeology, anthropology, and ecology, as well as those with interests in animal management.
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Mobilities written by Peter Adey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st century seems to be on the move, perhaps even more so than the last. With cheap travel, and more than two billion cars projected worldwide for 2030. And yet, all this mobility is happening incredibly unevenly, at different paces and intensities, with varying impacts and consequences to the extent that life on the move might be actually quite difficult to sustain environmentally, socially and ethically. As a result 'mobility' has become a keyword of the social sciences; delineating a new domain of concepts, approaches, methodologies and techniques which seek to understand the character and quality of these trends. This Handbook explores and critically evaluates the debates, approaches, controversies and methodologies, inherent to this rapidly expanding discipline. It brings together leading specialists from range of backgrounds and geographical regions to provide an authoritative and comprehensive overview of this field, conveying cutting edge research in an accessible way whilst giving detailed grounding in the evolution of past debates on mobilities. It illustrates disciplinary trends and pathways, from migration studies and transport history to communications research, featuring methodological innovations and developments and conceptual histories - from feminist theory to tourist studies. It explores the dominant figures of mobility, from children to soldiers and the mobility impaired; the disparate materialities of mobility such as flows of water and waste to the vectors of viruses; key infrastructures such as logistics systems to the informal services of megacity slums, and the important mobility events around which our world turns; from going on vacation to the commute, to the catastrophic disruption of mobility systems. The text is forward-thinking, projecting the future of mobilities as they might be lived, transformed and studied, and possibly, brought to an end. International in focus, the book transcends disciplinary and national boundaries to explore mobilities as they are understood from different perspectives, different fields, countries and standpoints. This is an invaluable resource for all those with an interest in mobility across disciplinary boundaries and areas of study.
Download or read book Mobile Pastoralist Households written by Jean-Luc Houle and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2024-10-01 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobile pastoralist activities occur at different scales across the landscape, including local, regional, and supra-regional scales. Most archaeological studies of mobile pastoralist social organization have focused on the latter two scales via the extant monumental and herding landscapes. Household levels of analysis figure much less in these studies. This volume brings together the work of archaeologists currently engaged in mobile pastoralist household research in different regions of the world to highlight the importance of household studies and the utility of both archaeological and ethnoarchaeological approaches in understanding mobile pastoralist household formation, continuity, and adaptation to environmental, social, economic, and political change.
Download or read book Living with Environmental Change written by Kirsten Hastrup and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is a lived experience of changes in the environment, often destroying conventional forms of subsistence and production, creating new patterns of movement and connection, and transforming people’s imagined future. This book explores how people across the world think about environmental change and how they act upon the perception of past, present and future opportunities. Drawing on the ethnographic fieldwork of expert authors, it sheds new light on the human experience of and social response to climate change by taking us from the Arctic to the Pacific, from the Southeast Indian Coastal zone to the West-African dry-lands and deserts, as well as to Peruvian mountain communities and cities. Divided into four thematic parts - Water, Landscape, Technology, Time – this book uses rich photographic material to accompany the short texts and reflections in order to bring to life the human ingenuity and social responsibility of people in the face of new uncertainties. In an era of melting glaciers, drying lands, and rising seas, it shows how it is part and parcel of human life to take responsibility for the social community and take creative action on the basis of a localized understanding of the environment. This highly original contribution to the anthropological study of climate change is a must-read for all those wanting to understand better what climate change means on the ground and interested in a sustainable future for the Earth.
Download or read book Geographical Information Systems written by Xuan Zhu and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-09-30 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geographical information systems (GIS) are powerful tools for reporting on the environment, natural resources and social and economic development; modelling the environmental, biophysical, social and economic processes; assessing environmental and social impacts; evaluating environmental, social and economic policies and actions and dissimilating spatial information. Geographical Information Systems: A Practical Approach provides the fullest available introduction to GIS and their environmental, social and economic applications. This new edition has been substantially revised and updated to incorporate the key developments in GIS technology and spatial data science and their applications that have taken place in recent years. The key features include: A comprehensive coverage of concepts, methods, techniques and tools in GIS for spatial data capturing, processing, visualisation, analysis, modelling and decision-making Incorporation of advanced machine learning techniques for spatial data analysis and modelling Extended coverage of spatial visualisation with 3D mapping and online mapping Weaving together of GIS theory and practice to help readers learn important GIS concepts and methods and develop their understanding through practicals with ArcGIS Pro or QGIS New and updated case studies illustrating the innovative use of GIS for a wide range of applications The second edition of this text continues to bring up-to-date GIS knowledge, tools and practices into one cohesive, comprehensive, concise and self-contained book which is accessible to students, scientists and practitioners in environmental science, earth science, geography, archaeology and other scientific studies that have a spatial dimension.
Download or read book The role of ligneous vegetation for livestock nutrition in the sub Sahelian and Sudanian zones of West Africa Potential effects of climate change written by Nouhoun Zampaligre and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2012-10-17 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kurzbeschreibung Aufgrund der starken Abhängigkeit von Niederschlägen und natürlichen Ressourcen gelten Ackerbau und Viehzucht im subsaharischen westlichen Afrika als besonders anfällig für klimatischen Wandel. Verstärkt wird dies durch das geringe Anpassungsvermögen der lokalen Bauern und Viehzüchter an die neuen Umstände. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war daher die Untersuchung der zu erwartenden Einflüsse zukünftiger Klimaveränderungen auf die Tierernährung und Weidenutzung in der südlichen Sahelzone und der nördlichen und südlichen Sudanzone in Burkina Faso. Um dies zu erreichen, wurden von 2009 bis 2010 drei Studien durchgeführt; dafür ausgewählt wurden die Dörfer und Dorfgebiete (100 km²) von Taffogo (südliche Sahelzone), Nobere und Safane (nördliche Sudanzone) und Sokouraba (südliche Sudanzone). Die Wahl von zwei Dörfern in der nördlichen Sudanzone war begründet durch die Dichotomie zwischen intensiver landwirtschaftlicher Nutzung und hoher Bevölkerungsdichte in Safane und geringer ackerbaulicher Nutzungsintensität in der Pufferzone zwischen dem Dorf Nobere und dem Nationalpark Pô. Unter Verwendung globaler Navigations- (GPS) sowie Geoinformationssysteme (GIS) wurden räumliche und zeitliche Veränderungen in der Weidenutzung sowie im Fressverhalten von Rindern, Schafen und Ziegen in den vier Dörfern untersucht. Hierzu wurden pro Dorf jeweils drei Herden der genannten Haustierarten über einen Zeitraum von einem Jahr beobachtet (Kapitel 2). Die längsten Weidewege (km/Tag) waren während der heißen Trockenzeit (März – Mai) festzustellen. Schafe (18,8) und Rinder (17,4) legten dabei signifikant größere Distanzen zurück als Ziegen (10,5; p0,05). Die tägliche Weidedauer lag zwischen sechs und elf Stunden und war bei den Rindern länger als bei den kleinen Wiederkäuern (p0,05). Artunabhängig wurden 52–72% des Weidetages mit der Aufnahme von Futter verbracht. In der südlichen Sahelzone verbrachten die Herden mehr Zeit pro Tag auf den Weideflächen und legten zudem größere Distanzen zurück als in den beiden sudanischen Zonen (p0,01); die effektive Fresszeit war dagegen in der südlichen Sudanzone am längsten (p0,05). Eine proportionale Abnahme von Ruhephasen war während der Regenzeit (Juni - Oktober) im Vergleich zur kühlen (November - Februar) sowie heißen Trockenzeit zu beobachten (p0,05), während gleichzeitig der proportionale Anteil der Marschzeit zunahm. Unabhängig von der Jahreszeit erfolgte die Futteraufnahme in der südlichen Sahelzone bei allen drei Arten signifikant häufiger in bewaldeten Bereichen (Baumdeckung 5-10% oder Strauchdeckung 10%), während sie sich in den beiden sudanischen Zonen vornehmlich auf Waldflächen (Baumdeckung 10%) konzentrierte. Daraus lässt sich ableiten, dass bei gleichzeitiger Ausdehnung von landwirtschaftlich genutzten Flächen verbleibende Waldinseln und baumreiche Bereiche, einschließlich älterer (und damit buschbestandener) Brachflächen wertvolle Weidegründe für die lokalen Wiederkäuerherden darstellen. Es sollten daher Maßnahmen ergriffen werden, um dem Rückgang solch bewaldeter Bereiche entgegenzuwirken und gleichzeitig den Schutz sowie die (Wieder-)Anpflanzung dürretoleranter Futterbäume aktiv zu fördern. In einer weiteren Studie (Kapitel 3) wurde die Futterselektion der genannten Herden weidender Rinder und kleiner Wiederkäuer untersucht, und 75 Tierhalter zum Weideverhalten ihrer Tiere sowie zur Behandlung von Tierkrankheiten mit traditionellen pflanzlichen Medikamenten befragt. Ziel war es, die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf die Ernährung und Gesundheit der Nutztiere zu erfassen. Über alle drei untersuchten agro-ökologischen Zonen hinweg zeigen die Ergebnisse eine bevorzugte Nutzung holziger Futterpflanzen durch die drei Tierarten. Der Anteil der auf Selektion solcher Pflanzen verwendeten Zeit an der Gesamfreßzeit war dabei bei Ziegen signifikant höher als bei Schafen und Rindern (p
Download or read book Abstracts in Anthropology written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quarterly. References to journal articles, miscellaneous papers, and books, arranged under sections on archaeology, ethnology, linguistics, and physical anthropology. Cross references. Cross index.
Download or read book Grazing on the Edge written by Bilal Butt and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ADVANCES IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION written by Abulude, F.O., Ndamitso, M.M., and Yusuf, Abdulrasheed and published by SCIENCE AND EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE, NIGERIA. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is the first edition of SCIENCE AND EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE for food world. It gives me great pleasure in bringing out book entitled “ADVANCES IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION” for the student of Food Technology, Food Nutrition and all those aspirants who desire to brighten their career in the field of food technology. Our goal is to provide readers with introductory foundation to budding food professionals. I was also well aware that the book is widely used as a basic reference outside the academic environment. I have attempted to take utmost care to cover the particular topic with latest research updates. In this concern I had compiled all the newer areas of food science and nutrition with the older existing knowledge. I also hope to provide insight into the scope of food science for people considering food science as a career. The book chapters introduces and complex interrelationship among food functional properties, processing, distribution and storage. Every chapter has been extensively appropriate and justified with suitable diagrams and tables. Multicolor picture have been also added to enhance the content value and to give the students an idea of what he will be dealing in reality, and to bridge the gap between theory and practice. I am indebted to Mr. Abulude, F.O. President/CEO, Science and Education Development Institute (SEDInst), AKURE, ONDO STATE, NIGERIA for giving an opportunity for this book project, also Mr. Adeyemi Adewale for editing the book. Relevant information on food sector has also been given. Moreover at the end of text Appendices have been given through which the readers can be benefitted. We are confident that this edition will again receive your overwhelming response. Chapter 1 It contains an introduction to general aspects which covers the chemical properties for food, nutritional properties of proteins and functional properties of foods. It covers some factors that affect the functionality of protein. The paper discusses the importance of these functions when preparing food formulations. Chapter 2 This chapter is mainly focused on pasting properties of starch. It includes determining its applications in food processing and other industries. Details of the RVA as tool for obtaining information related to apparent viscosity. Pasting properties have been used to predict the end use quality of various products. Chapter 3 Chapter includes the details of various types of phenolic compounds, extraction, significance and antioxidative action of phenolic compounds. This topic based on natural phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity such as grape seed extract, rosemary extract, tea, catechin and tannins etc. The main purpose of using an antioxidant as a food additive is to maintain the quality of that food and to extend its shelf life rather than improving the quality of the food. Chapter 4 The chapter includes basic information on edible film-coating formulation, Specific requirements, properties, methods of application to food surfaces. Topic will also give information about the advantages and disadvantages of edible film. Chapter 5 The chapter has more focus on carrot production, cultivation, harvesting and post harvest management. It gives information about nutritional significance and changes occur during storage. Chapter 6 The chapter gives more information about the application of integrated nutrigenomics approach in nutritional sciences. It also emphasized for accelerated implementation of mechanistic knowledge in food design. It gives an application and modification approaches of proteomic to analyze the complexity of food protein modification in the area of general food science and quality assurance. Chapter 7 The topic includes the details of coping difficult conditions in the Sahel by mobile pastoralist communities in the Lake Chad area. It gives the basic recommendations for Food Insecurity in Africa and particularly in Sahel area. Chapter 8 The topic concludes spirulina share his remarkable qualities, ease of culture and safety can be an effective and lasting solution to the problems of malnutrition. It gives the details of the pilot project for the development of industry of “Dihe”. Chapter 9 The chapter includes raw materials, process, packaging, PFA specification, types, and health benefits of Pickles. It gives an idea to overcome protein based malnutrition by providing nutrient security by means of pickle. Dr. YASHI SRIVASTAVA Editor- In- Chief Queen’s College of Food Technology & Research Foundation Aurangabad, India-431001
