Download or read book Urban Air Pollution in Asian Cities written by Dieter Schwela and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-16 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution has become part of the daily existence of many people who work, live and use the streets in Asian cities. Each day millions of city dwellers breathe air polluted with concentrations of chemicals, smoke and particles that dramatically exceed World Health Organization guideline values. Deteriorating air quality has resulted in significant impacts on human health and environment in Asia. This book provides a comprehensive and comparative assessment of the current status and challenges in urban air pollution management in 20 cities in the Asian region. It examines the effects on human health and the environment and future implications for planning, transport and energy sectors. National and local governments have begun to develop air quality management strategies to address the deterioration in urban air quality; however, the scope and effectiveness of such strategies vary widely. This book benchmarks these air quality management strategies, examines successes and failures in these cities and presents strategies for improving air quality management in cities across Asia and the rest of our rapidly urbanizing world. Information on air quality in Asia is clearly presented with easy-to-read city profiles, tables and graphs. This is an essential resource for all those concerned with urban air quality management, not just in Asia but in cities across our rapidly urbanizing world. Cities covered Bangkok, Beijing, Busan, Colombo, Dhaka, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Jakarta, Kathmandu, Kolkata, Metro Manila, Mumbai, New Delhi, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Surabaya, Taipei and Tokyo

Download or read book Traffic Related Air Pollution written by Haneen Khreis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic-Related Air Pollution synthesizes and maps TRAP and its impact on human health at the individual and population level. The book analyzes mitigating standards and regulations with a focus on cities. It provides the methods and tools for assessing and quantifying the associated road traffic emissions, air pollution, exposure and population-based health impacts, while also illuminating the mechanisms underlying health impacts through clinical and toxicological research. Real-world implications are set alongside policy options, emerging technologies and best practices. Finally, the book recommends ways to influence discourse and policy to better account for the health impacts of TRAP and its societal costs. - Overviews existing and emerging tools to assess TRAP's public health impacts - Examines TRAP's health effects at the population level - Explores the latest technologies and policies--alongside their potential effectiveness and adverse consequences--for mitigating TRAP - Guides on how methods and tools can leverage teaching, practice and policymaking to ameliorate TRAP and its effects

Download or read book Recent Advances in Urban Ventilation Assessment and Flow Modelling written by Riccardo Buccolieri and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-23 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains twenty-one original papers and one review paper published by internationally recognized experts in the Atmosphere Special Issue "Recent Advances in Urban Ventilation Assessment and Flow Modelling", years 2017–2019. The Special Issue includes contributions on recent experimental and modelling works, techniques, and developments mainly tailored to the assessment of urban ventilation on flow and pollutant dispersion in cities. The study of ventilation is of critical importance, as it addresses the capacity with which a built urban structure is capable of replacing the polluted air with ambient fresh air. Here, ventilation is recognized as a transport process that improves local microclimate and air quality and closely relates to the term “breathability”. The efficiency with which street canyon ventilation occurs depends on the complex interaction between the atmospheric boundary layer flow and the local urban morphology. The individual contributions to this Issue are summarized and categorized into four broad topics: (1) outdoor ventilation efficiency and application/development of ventilation indices, (2) relationship between indoor and outdoor ventilation, (3) effects of urban morphology and obstacles to ventilation, and (4) ventilation modelling in realistic urban districts. The results and approaches presented and proposed will be of great interest to experimentalists and modelers, and may constitute a starting point for the improvement of numerical simulations of flow and pollutant dispersion in the urban environment, for the development of simulation tools, and for the implementation of mitigation strategies.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Materials Mechanics and Management written by Sheela Evangeline and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-14 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings present a selection of papers presented at the 3rd International Conference on Materials Mechanics and Management 2017 (IMMM 2017), which was jointly organized by the Departments of Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Architecture of College of Engineering Trivandrum. Developments in the fields of materials, mechanics and management have paved the way for overall improvements in all aspects of human life. The quest for meeting the requirements of the rapidly increasing population has led to revolutionary construction and production technologies aiming at optimum management and use of natural resources. The objective of this conference was to bring together experts from academic institutions, industries, research organizations and professionals for sharing of knowledge, expertise and experience in the emerging trends related to Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Architecture. IMMM 2017 provided opportunities for young researchers to actively engage in research discussions, new research interests, research ethics and professional development.

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution and Avenue Trees written by Abhijit Sarkar and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2022 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Around the world, cities provide plenty of opportunities such as better education, advanced health treatment facilities, better employment, commerce, and trade as compared to rural areas. Therefore, more than half the world's people live and work together in urban communities, and it is projected that by the year 2030, three out of five people will stay in cities. The unrestrained and rapid growth of cities has also brought environmental degradation and causes many serious problems such as worsening of air quality, loss of natural habitat and species diversity, and increased human health risks associated with heat waves, noise and crowding. In most urban areas of developing countries, a variety of harmful air pollutants such as particulate matter, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and sulfur oxides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are emitted from a variety of sources, mainly the burning of wood, fossil fuels and vehicular emissions, which adversely affects the health of human beings, animals, and other living creatures. In the urban environment, trees provide many economic, social, and environmental benefits to people, such as aesthetic beauty, improvement of property values, erosion prevention, storm water management, noise reduction, mental health development and crime reduction. In addition, trees help cool the air by shading surfaces that otherwise would absorb the sun's energy and then reradiate it out as heat. Trees also cool the ambient air. Urban trees on average reduce air temperatures on summer days by 2-4 °F, although in some circumstances the cooling effect can be even larger. Trees also sequester carbon, helping to mitigate climate change. The efficiency of atmospheric cleansing by trees in congested cities could be improved by planting more trees other than shrubs or herbs. Generally, avenue trees act as living filters to decrease pollution through absorption, accumulation, and detoxification. Trees remove gaseous air pollutants such as ozone, sulphur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide mainly by uptake via leaf stomata, although some gases are removed by the plant surface. Once inside the leaf, gaseous air pollutants diffuse into intercellular spaces and may be absorbed by water films to form acids or react with inner leaf surfaces. Though some particles can be absorbed into the tree, most particles settle on the branches, leaves and twigs of plants and are washed out by the rain. Throughout the world, different advanced technologies such as smog-free towers in the Netherlands and adhesive roads for particulate matter in London have been applied. However, these technologies are extremely costly and unaffordable for countries like India and therefore the most eco-friendly and cost-effective way is plantation of tolerant tree species alongside highways, city streets, in parks, and in residential yards"--

Download or read book Recent Advances in Science Engineering Technology written by Nishu Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-08-05 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advances in technology, engineering and science are necessary for better and sustailable life. It is not only beneficial for human growth but equally important for all the living and non living matters on the planet. Hence it is imperative to come togather and share the knowledge, innovations and developments in the technology and science happening around. The objective of 1st International Conference on “Recent Advances in Science, Engineering & Technology” (ICRASET-2023) was to provide platform to share various hypotheses, conclusions, and discoveries from students, researchers, professors, and industry experts. The conference was associated with the knowledge partners like ASM International, IEEE, IETE, ISTE, CSI and IE

Download or read book Air Quality Management in the United States written by Committee on Air Quality Management in the United States and published by National Academy Press. This book was released on 2004-09-13 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing the nation's air quality is a complex undertaking, involving tens of thousands of people in regulating thousands of pollution sources. The authors identify what has worked and what has not, and they offer wide-ranging recommendations for setting future priorities, making difficult choices, and increasing innovation. This new book explores how to better integrate scientific advances and new technologies into the air quality management system. The volume reviews the three-decade history of governmental efforts toward cleaner air, discussing how air quality standards are set and results measured, the design and implementation of control strategies, regulatory processes and procedures, special issues with mobile pollution sources, and more. The book looks at efforts to spur social and behavioral changes that affect air quality, the effectiveness of market-based instruments for air quality regulation, and many other aspects of the issue. Rich in technical detail, this book will be of interest to all those engaged in air quality management: scientists, engineers, industrial managers, law makers, regulators, health officials, clean-air advocates, and concerned citizens.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Applications of Computational and Fuzzy Mathematics written by Snehashish Chakraverty and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the basics of interval/fuzzy set theory, artificial neural networks (ANN) and computational methods. It presents step-by-step modeling for application problems along with simulation and numerical solutions. In general, every science and engineering problem is inherently biased by uncertainty, and there is often a need to model, solve and interpret problems in the world of uncertainty. At the same time, exact information about models and parameters of practical applications is usually not known and precise values do not exist. This book discusses uncertainty in both data and models. It consists of seven chapters covering various aspects of fuzzy uncertainty in application problems, such as shallow water wave equations, static structural problems, robotics, radon diffusion in soil, risk of invasive alien species and air quality quantification. These problems are handled by means of advanced computational and fuzzy theory along with machine intelligence when the uncertainties involved are fuzzy. The proposed computational methods offer new fuzzy computing methods that help other areas of knowledge construction where inexact information is present.

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution written by H. Power and published by WIT Press (UK). This book was released on 1994 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first in a series of publications on air pollution, this book contains a selection of invited review articles by leading authorities covering urban air pollution topics.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Lichenology written by Dalip Kumar Upreti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses in detail molecular, mycobiont culture, biomonitoring and bioprospection of lichens, providing insights into advances in different fields of lichenology by applying modern techniques and approaches and examining how their application has enhanced or changed classical approaches. It offers a valuable resource, especially for beginners, students and researchers from different academic backgrounds interested in the study of lichens. In recent years, the introduction of modern analytical techniques and approaches has significantly improved our understanding of the environment, including lichens. Lichens are unique organisms which possess untapped potential as effective and reliable bioindicators, sources of therapeutic phytochemicals, and as excellent extremophiles. The unique and peculiar characteristics of lichens underline the need for a multidimensional approach to explore their potential in various fields of environment science, botany and chemistry. Modern techniques, especially molecular techniques, have greatly enriched the field of lichen taxonomy and its position in the plant kingdom, revealing little-known species and exploring their evolutionary history, while multivariate analysis and GIS approaches have established lichens as an ideal and reliable tool for monitoring air pollution. Advanced culture techniques have expanded the pharmacological applications of lichens, which was formerly restricted due to their small biomass. The advent of sophisticated analytical instrumentation has now facilitated the isolation and characterization of lichens’ bioactive constituents, even in lower concentrations, as well as the estimation of their stress responses at different levels of pollution. As lichen diversity is adversely affected by increasing air pollution, there is a pressing need to develop effective management practices to conserve, restore and document lichen diversity.

Download or read book Urban Air Quality Monitoring Modelling and Human Exposure Assessment written by S. M. Shiva Nagendra and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume is primarily intended for graduate and professional audiences. The book provides a basic understanding of urban air quality issues, root causes for local and urban air pollution, monitoring and modelling techniques, assessment, and control options to manage air quality at local and urban scale. The book also offers useful information on indoor air quality and smart sensors, which are gaining much importance in current times.

Download or read book Recent Advancements in Civil Engineering written by Boeing Laishram and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 1070 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Civil Engineering (ACE 2020). The book examines the recent advancements in construction management, construction materials, environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, transportation engineering, water resource engineering, and structural engineering. The topics covered include sustainable construction process and materials, smart infrastructures, green building technology, global environmental change and ecosystem management, theoretical and analytical solutions for foundation engineering, smart transportation systems and policy, GIS applications in water resource management, structural analysis for blast and impact resistance, and soft computing techniques in civil engineering. The book will be useful for researchers and professionals in the field of civil engineering.

Download or read book Exposure Science in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-10-28 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the use of personal products to our consumption of food, water, and air, people are exposed to a wide array of agents each day-many with the potential to affect health. Exposure Science in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy investigates the contact of humans or other organisms with those agents (that is, chemical, physical, and biologic stressors) and their fate in living systems. The concept of exposure science has been instrumental in helping us understand how stressors affect human and ecosystem health, and in efforts to prevent or reduce contact with harmful stressors. In this way exposure science has played an integral role in many areas of environmental health, and can help meet growing needs in environmental regulation, urban and ecosystem planning, and disaster management. Exposure Science in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy explains that there are increasing demands for exposure science information, for example to meet needs for data on the thousands of chemicals introduced into the market each year, and to better understand the health effects of prolonged low-level exposure to stressors. Recent advances in tools and technologies-including sensor systems, analytic methods, molecular technologies, computational tools, and bioinformatics-have provided the potential for more accurate and comprehensive exposure science data than ever before. This report also provides a roadmap to take advantage of the technologic innovations and strategic collaborations to move exposure science into the future.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Transportation Systems Engineering and Management Volume 1 written by K. V. R. Ravi Shankar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recent Advancement of IoT Devices in Pollution Control and Health Applications written by Swapnila Roy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-01-13 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Advancement of IoT Devices in Pollution Control and Health Applications covers current developments in Internet of Things (IoT)-based pollution control, solid waste management, transportation, and healthcare systems. Because of its effects on physical and biological entities of the environment, the issue of environmental pollution and action has become a global concern. This guide highlights how environmental and health data from connected devices can be stored, analyzed, and eventually used—from developing indices for the state of environmental pollution, to diagnosing and treating patients and the role of IoT-based technology for pollution control. - Covers current developments in the field of Internet of Things (IoT)-based pollution control - Discusses the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitoring industrial pollution from emissions, solid waste, and healthcare - Offers solutions for managing and mitigating the causes of pollution

Download or read book Recent Advances in Metrology written by Sanjay Yadav and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-03 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the select proceedings of the 11th National Conference on Advances in Metrology (AdMet 2022). The book highlights and discusses the recent technological developments in the areas of fundamental and quantum metrology, physico-mechanical and electrical metrology, time and frequency metrology, materials metrology, industrial and legal metrology, digital transformation in metrology, among others. This book is aimed for those engaged in conformity assessment, quality system management, calibration, and testing in all sectors of industry. The book is a valuable reference for metrologists, scientists, engineers, academicians, and students from research institutes and industrial establishments to explore the future directions and research in the areas of sensors, advance materials, measurements, and quality improvement.

Download or read book Health Effects of Transport related Air Pollution written by Michal Krzyzanowski and published by WHO Regional Office Europe. This book was released on 2005 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diseases related to the air pollution caused by road transport affect tens of thousands of people in the WHO Europe region each year. This publication considers the policy challenges involved in the need to reduce the related risks to public health and the environment, whilst meeting socio-economic requirements for effective transport systems. It sets out a systematic review of the literature and a comprehensive evaluation of the health hazards of transport-related air pollution, including factors determining emissions, the contribution of traffic to pollution levels, human exposure and the results of epidemiological and toxicological studies to identify and measure the health effects, and suggestions for policy actions and further research.