Download or read book Silver Trade and War written by Stanley J. Stein and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2000-04-21 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silver, Trade, and War is about men and markets, national rivalries, diplomacy and conflict, and the advancement or stagnation of states. Chosen by Choice Magazine as an Outstanding Academic Title The 250 years covered by Silver, Trade, and War marked the era of commercial capitalism, that bridge between late medieval and modern times. Spain, peripheral to western Europe in 1500, produced American treasure in silver, which Spanish convoys bore from Portobelo and Veracruz on the Carribbean coast across the Atlantic to Spain in exchange for European goods shipped from Sevilla (later, Cadiz). Spanish colonialism, the authors suggest, was the cutting edge of the early global economy. America's silver permitted Spain to graft early capitalistic elements onto its late medieval structures, reinforcing its patrimonialism and dynasticism. However, the authors argue, silver gave Spain an illusion of wealth, security, and hegemony, while its system of "managed" transatlantic trade failed to monitor silver flows that were beyond the control of government officials. While Spain's intervention buttressed Hapsburg efforts at hegemony in Europe, it induced the formation of protonationalist state formations, notably in England and France. The treaty of Utrecht (1714) emphasized the lag between developing England and France, and stagnating Spain, and the persistence of Spain's late medieval structures. These were basic elements of what the authors term Spain's Hapsburg "legacy." Over the first half of the eighteenth century, Spain under the Bourbons tried to contain expansionist France and England in the Caribbean and to formulate and implement policies competitors seemed to apply successfully to their overseas possessions, namely, a colonial compact. Spain's policy planners (proyectistas) scanned abroad for models of modernization adaptable to Spain and its American colonies without risking institutional change. The second part of the book, "Toward a Spanish-Bourbon Paradigm," analyzes the projectors' works and their minimal impact in the context of the changing Atlantic scene until 1759. By then, despite its efforts, Spain could no longer compete successfully with England and France in the international economy. Throughout the book a colonial rather than metropolitan prism informs the authors' interpretation of the major themes examined.
Download or read book Trade and Traders in Muslim Spain written by Olivia Remie Constable and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-07-13 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume surveys Iberian international trade from the tenth to the fifteenth century, with particular emphasis on commerce in the Muslim period and on changes brought by Christian conquest of much of Muslim Spain in the thirteenth century. From the tenth to the thirteenth century, markets in the Iberian peninsula were closely linked to markets elsewhere in the Islamic world, and a strong east-west Mediterranean trading network linked Cairo with Cordoba. Following routes along the North African coast, Muslim and Jewish merchants carried eastern goods to Muslim Spain, returning eastwards with Andalusi exports. Situated at the edge of the Islamic west, Andalusi markets were also emporia for the transfer of commodities between the Islamic world and Christian Europe. After the thirteenth century the Iberian peninsula became part of the European economic sphere, its commercial realignment aided by the opening of the Straits of Gibraltar to Christian trade, and by the contemporary demise of the Muslim trading network in the Mediterranean.
Download or read book The Temptations of Trade written by Adrian Finucane and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2016-03-08 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The British and the Spanish had long been in conflict, often clashing over politics, trade, and religion. But in the early decades of the eighteenth century, these empires signed an asiento agreement granting the British South Sea Company a monopoly on the slave trade in the Spanish Atlantic, opening up a world of uneasy collaboration. British agents of the Company moved to cities in the Caribbean and West Indies, where they braved the unforgiving tropical climate and hostile religious environment in order to trade slaves, manufactured goods, and contraband with Spanish colonists. In the process, British merchants developed relationships with the Spanish—both professional and, at times, personal. The Temptations of Trade traces the development of these complicated relationships in the context of the centuries-long imperial rivalry between Spain and Britain. Many British Merchants, in developing personal ties to the Spanish, were able to collect potentially damaging information about Spanish imperial trade, military defenses, and internal conflict. British agents juggled personal friendships with national affiliation—and, at the same time, developed a network of illicit trade, contraband, and piracy extending beyond the legal reach of the British South Sea Company and often at the Company's direct expense. Ultimately, the very smuggling through which these empires unwittingly supported each other led to the resumption of Anglo-Spanish conflict, as both empires cracked down on the actions of traders within the colonies. The Temptations of Trade reveals the difficulties of colonizing regions far from strict imperial control, where the actions of individuals could both connect empires and drive them to war.
Download or read book Trading in Spain written by Canada. Department of Trade and Commerce and published by Thomas Mulvey, King's Printer. This book was released on 1920 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trade and Trust in the Eighteenth Century Atlantic World written by Xabier Lamikiz and published by Boydell Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fruitfully combining approaches from economic history and the cultural history of commerce, this book examines the role of interpersonal trust in underpinning trade, amid the challenges and uncertainties of the eighteenth-century Atlantic. It focuses on the nature of mercantile activity in two parts of Spain: Cadiz in the south, and its trade with Spain's American empire; and Bilbao in the north, and its trade with western and northern Europe. In particular, it explores the processes of trade, trading networks and communications, seeking to understand merchant behaviour, especially the choices made by individuals when conducting business - and specifically with whom they chose to deal. Drawing from a broad range of Spanish, Peruvian and British archival sources, the book reveals merchants' experiences of trusting their agents and correspondents, and shows how different factors, from distance to legal frameworks and ethnicity, affected their ability to rely on their contacts. Xabier Lamikiz is Associate Professor of Economic History at the University of the Basque Country. .
Download or read book Early Modern Shipping and Trade written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-08-07 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early modern trade and shipping through the Danish Sound has attracted the interest of many historians since a long time. A prominent reason for this is that the route via the Sound connected Europe’s main economies with the economically important Baltic Sea region. The other reason why trade and shipping through the Sound attracted the attention of so many scholars is the fact that they are so very well documented by the Sound Toll Registers (STR): the records of the toll levied by the king of Denmark on the passage of ships through the Sound. Although the Sound Toll Registers have always been widely known as crucial, their sheer volume and detail make them virtually impossible to handle. To make the STR fully and quickly accessible to researchers, the online database Sound Toll Registers Online (STRO) has been called into existence. Since 2010, STRO has been becoming gradually available. The articles collected in this volume are examples of the kind of research that can be done with STRO, how it boosts the writing of the history of European maritime transport and trade, and how its use contributes to our knowledge of that history. Contributors are: Loïc Charles, Ana Crespo Solana, Guillaume Daudin, Maarten Draper, Jari Eloranta, Katerina Galani, Lauri Karvonen, Yuta Kikuchi, Sven Lilja, Maria Cristina Moreira, Jari Ojala, Pierrick Pourchasse, Magnus Ressel, Klas Rönnbäck, Werner Scheltjens, Siem van der Woude, Jerem van Duijl, and Jan Willem Veluwenkamp.
Download or read book Slavery and Antislavery in Spain s Atlantic Empire written by Josep M. Fradera and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2013-06-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African slavery was pervasive in Spain’s Atlantic empire yet remained in the margins of the imperial economy until the end of the eighteenth century when the plantation revolution in the Caribbean colonies put the slave traffic and the plantation at the center of colonial exploitation and conflict. The international group of scholars brought together in this volume explain Spain’s role as a colonial pioneer in the Atlantic world and its latecomer status as a slave-trading, plantation-based empire. These contributors map the broad contours and transformations of slave-trafficking, the plantation, and antislavery in the Hispanic Atlantic while also delving into specific topics that include: the institutional and economic foundations of colonial slavery; the law and religion; the influences of the Haitian Revolution and British abolitionism; antislavery and proslavery movements in Spain; race and citizenship; and the business of the illegal slave trade.
Download or read book Spain China and Japan in Manila 1571 1644 written by Birgit Tremml-Werner and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spain, China and Japan in Manila, 1571-1644 offers a new perspective on the connected histories of Spain, China, and Japan as they emerged and developed following Manila's foundation as the capital of the Spanish Philippines in 1571. Examining a wealth of multilingual primary sources, Birgit Tremml-Werner shows that cross-cultural encounters not only shaped Manila's development as a "Eurasian" port city, but also had profound political, economic, and social ramifications for the three pre-modern states. Combining a systematic comparison with a focus on specific actors during this period, this book addresses many long-held misconceptions and offers a more balanced and multi-faceted view of these nations' histories.
Download or read book Doing Business 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.
Download or read book Doing Business in Spain written by United States. Machinery Trade Mission to Spain and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spain and the Abolition of Slavery in Cuba 1817 1886 written by Arthur F. Corwin and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-10-23 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the abolition of African slavery in Spanish Cuba from 1817 to 1886—from the first Anglo-Spanish agreement to abolish the slave trade until the removal from Cuba of the last vestige of black servitude. Making extensive use of heretofore untapped research sources from the Spanish archives, the author has developed new perspectives on nineteenth-century Spanish policy in Cuba. He skillfully interrelates the problem of slavery with international politics, with Cuban conservative and liberal movements, and with political and economic developments in Spain itself. Arthur Corwin finds that the study of this problem falls naturally into two phases, the first of which, 1817–1860, traces the gradual reduction of the African traffic to the Spanish Antilles and constitutes, in effect, a study in Anglo-Spanish diplomacy. He gives special attention here to the aggressive nature of British abolitionist diplomacy and the mounting but generally ineffective indignation resulting from Spanish failure to apply sanctions against the traffic, as well as the increasing North American interest in the annexation of Cuba. The first phase has for its principal theme the manner in which for decades Spain feigned compliance with agreements to end the slave trade while actually protecting slaveholding interests as the best means of holding Cuba. The American Civil War, which destroyed the greatest bulwark of black slavery in the New World, marked the opening of a new phase, 1860–1886. The author strongly emphasizes here such influences as the rise of the Creole reform movement in Cuba and Puerto Rico, which, reading the signs of the times, gave the initial impulse to a Spanish abolitionist movement and contributed to closing the Cuban slave trade in 1866; the liberal revolution of 1868 in Spain and its promise of colonial reforms; the outbreak of the great Creole rebellion in Cuba, 1868–1878, and the abolitionist promises of the rebel chieftains; the threat of American intervention and the abolitionist pressure of American diplomacy; and the protests of the Spanish reactionaries in Spain and Cuba, leading to further procrastination in Madrid. The second phase has as its principal theme the shaping, through all these intertwined factors, of Spain’s first measure of gradual emancipation, the Moret Law of 1870, and all subsequent steps toward abolition.
Download or read book Housing the Stranger in the Mediterranean World written by Olivia Remie Constable and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-01-15 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Greek pandocheion, Arabic funduq, and Latin fundicum (fondaco) were ubiquitous in the Mediterranean sphere for nearly two millennia. These institutions were not only hostelries for traders and travelers, but also taverns, markets, warehouses, and sites for commercial taxation and regulation. In this highly original study, Professor Constable traces the complex evolution of this family of institutions from the pandocheion in Late Antiquity, to the appearance of the funduq throughout the Muslim Mediterranean following the rise of Islam. By the twelfth century, with the arrival of European merchants in Islamic markets, the funduq evolved into the fondaco. These merchant colonies facilitated trade and travel between Muslim and Christian regions. Before long, fondacos also appeared in southern European cities. This study of the diffusion of this institutional family demonstrates common economic interests and cross-cultural communications across the medieval Mediterranean world, and provides a striking contribution to our understanding of this region.
Download or read book The Spanish Connection written by Eberhard Crailsheim and published by Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In early modern times, the city of Seville was the most important entrept̥ between the Old and the New World, attracting numerous merchants from all of Europe. They provided the American market with European merchandise, especially with textiles and metalware from Flanders and France. This book investigates the networks of Flemish and French merchants in Seville, displaying overall structures of trade as well as collective strategies of both merchant colonies.
Download or read book Global Goods and the Spanish Empire 1492 1824 written by B. Aram and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing upon economic history, cultural studies, intellectual history and the history of science and medicine, this collection of case studies examines the transatlantic transfer and transformation of goods and ideas, with particular emphasis on their reception in Europe.
Download or read book Made in Spain written by Sílvia Martinez and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Made in Spain: Studies in Popular Music will serve as a comprehensive and rigorous introduction to the history, sociology and musicology of 20th century Spanish popular music. The volume will consist of 16 essays by leading scholars of Spanish music and will cover the major figures, styles and social contexts of pop music in Spain. Although all the contributors are Spanish, the essays will be expressly written for an international English-speaking audience. No knowledge of Spanish music or culture will be assumed. Each section will feature a brief introduction by the volume editors, while each essay will provide adequate context so readers understand why the figure or genre under discussion is of lasting significance to Spanish popular music. The book first presents a general description of the history and background of popular music, followed by essays organized into thematic sections.
Download or read book Muslims in Spain 1492 1814 written by Eloy Martín Corrales and published by Mediterranean Reconfigurations. This book was released on 2020-12 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In Muslims in Spain, 1492-1814: Living and Negotiating in the Land of the Infidel, Eloy Martín-Corrales surveys Hispano-Muslim relations from the late fifteenth to the eighteenth centuries, a period of chronic hostilities. Nonetheless there were thousands of Muslims in Spain during this time: ambassadors, exiles, merchants, converts, and travelers. Their negotiating strategies and the necessary support they found on both shores of the Mediterranean prove that relations between Spaniards and Muslims were based on reasons of state and a pragmatism that generated intense ties, both political and economic. These increased enormously after the peace treaties that Spain signed with Muslim countries between 1767 and 1791"--
Download or read book U S History written by P. Scott Corbett and published by . This book was released on 2024-09-10 with total page 1886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. History is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of most introductory courses. The text provides a balanced approach to U.S. history, considering the people, events, and ideas that have shaped the United States from both the top down (politics, economics, diplomacy) and bottom up (eyewitness accounts, lived experience). U.S. History covers key forces that form the American experience, with particular attention to issues of race, class, and gender.
