Download or read book Toluene Diisocyanate from Toluene Cost Analysis TDI E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) production from toluene. The process examined is a typical reductive carbonylation process. In this process, toluene is dinitrated to dinitrotoluene (DNT). Next, DNT undergoes reductive carbonylation to form toluene dimethylcarbamate, and then the carbamate is thermally decomposed to produce TDI. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) GB Patent 1402379, issued to Arco in 1975 (2) US Patent 4081472, issued to Mitsui Toatsu in 1984 Keywords: Non-Phosgene Process, Mitsui Toatsu, Arco

Download or read book Toluene Diisocyanate from Toluene Cost Analysis TDI E22A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) production from toluene. The process examined is similar to Enichem's oxidative carbonylation process. In this process, toluene is dinitrated to dinitrotoluene (DNT), which is hydrogenated to toluenediamine (TDA). TDA reacts with DMC to produce a urethane intermediate that is then cracked to produce TDI. The DMC used is generated from methanol and carbon monoxide in an on-site unit. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) EP Patent 0685453, issued to Enichem Synthesis in 1995 (2) "Isocyanates, Organic", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Non-Phosgene Process, Enichem, Eni, Dow, Oxidative Carbonylation

Download or read book Toluene Diisocyanate Production from DNT Cost Analysis TDI E11A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) production from dinitrotoluene (DNT) The process examined is a typical reductive carbonylation process. This process is comprised of two-steps: DNT initially undergoes reductive carbonylation to form toluene dimethylcarbamate; then the carbamate is thermally decomposed to produce TDI. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) GB Patent 1402379, issued to Arco in 1975 (2) US Patent 4081472, issued to Mitsui Toatsu in 1984 Keywords: Non-Phosgene Process, Mitsui Toatsu, Arco

Download or read book Toluene Diisocyanate from Toluene via Phosgenation Cost Analysis TDI E24A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) production from toluene and chlorine. The process examined is similar to the Bayer gas-phase phosgenation (GPP) technology. In this process, toluene is dinitrated to dinitrotoluene (DNT). Then, DNT is hydrogenated to toluenediamine (TDA). Finally, TDA reacts with phosgene in gas phase to produce TDI. The phosgene used is generated from chlorine in an on-site unit. Hydrogen chloride is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 9051243, issued to Bayer MaterialScience in 2015 (2) T. Urbanski, Chemistry and Technology of Explosives, Vol. 1, MacMillan, New York, 1964 Keywords: Hydrogenation, Gas-Phase, Phosgenation Process, Isocyanates, Toluene Dinitration

Download or read book Toluene Diisocyanate from Toluene via Phosgenation Cost Analysis TDI E23A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) production from toluene and chlorine The process examined is a typical liquid-phase phosgenation process. In this process, dinitrotoluene (DNT) is generated via dinitration of toluene. Then, DNT is hydrogenated to toluenediamine (TDA). Finally, TDA reacts with phosgene in the liquid phase to produce TDI. The phosgene used is generated from chlorine in an on-site unit. Hydrogen chloride is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 4185036, issued to DuPont in 1980 (2) US Patent 4193932, issued to Mitsui Toatsu in 1980 Keywords: Hydrogenation, Liquid-Phase, Phosgenation Process, Toluenediamine (TDA), Isocyanates

Download or read book Toluene Diisocyanate from DNT via Phosgenation Cost Analysis TDI E14A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) production from dinitrotoluene (DNT) and chlorine. The process examined is similar to the Bayer gas-phase phosgenation (GPP) technology. In this process, dinitrotoluene (DNT) is hydrogenated to toluenediamine (TDA). Then, TDA reacts with phosgene in gas phase to produce TDI. The phosgene used is generated from chlorine in an on-site unit. Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 9051243, issued to Bayer MaterialScience in 2015 (2) "Toluenediamine", Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 5th edition Keywords: Hydrogenation, Gas-Phase, Phosgenation Process, GPP, Bayer, Isocyanates

Download or read book Toluene Diisocyanate from DNT via Phosgenation Cost Analysis TDI E12A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) production from dinitrotoluene (DNT) and phosgene. The process examined is a typical liquid-phase phosgenation process. In this process, DNT is first hydrogenated to toluenediamine (TDA) intermediate. Then, TDA reacts with phosgene in the liquid phase to produce TDI. Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is generated as by-product in the process. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 4185036, issued to DuPont in 1980 (2) US Patent 4193932, issued to Mitsui Toatsu in 1980 Keywords: Hydrogenation, Liquid-Phase, Phosgenation Process, Toluenediamine (TDA), Isocyanates

Download or read book Toluene Diisocyanate from DNT via Phosgenation Cost Analysis TDI E13A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) production from dinitrotoluene (DNT) and chlorine. The process examined is a typical liquid-phase phosgenation process. In this process, DNT is first hydrogenated to toluenediamine (TDA) intermediate. Then, TDA reacts with phosgene in the liquid phase to produce TDI. The phosgene used is generated from chlorine and carbon monoxide in an on-site unit. Hydrogen chloride (HCl) is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 4185036, issued to DuPont in 1980 (2) US Patent 4193932, issued to Mitsui Toatsu in 1980 Keywords: Hydrogenation, Liquid-Phase, Phosgenation Process, Toluenediamine (TDA), Isocyanates

Download or read book Phenol Production from Toluene Cost Analysis Phenol E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of Phenol production from toluene. In the process examined toluene is oxidized to benzoic acid intermediate, which is then converted to phenol in the liquid phase. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Dow, DSM, Liquid Phase, Toluene Oxidation

Download or read book Paraxylene Production from Toluene Cost Analysis Paraxylene E21A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of para-Xylene production from toluene. The process examined is a toluene disproportionation process similar to ExxonMobil PxMax. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Mixed Xylenes, C8 Aromatics, PxMax, ExxonMobil

Download or read book Recommendations for the Handling of Toluene Diisocyanate TDI written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Standard Specification for Toluene for Toluene Diisocyanate TDI Feedstock written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Toluene Diisocyanate TDI and Toluenediamine TDA written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Standard Test Method for Determination of 2 4 Toluene Diisocyanate 2 4 TDI and 2 6 Toluene Diisocyanate 2 6 TDI in Workplace Atmospheres 1 2 PP Method written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Algae Based Polymers Blends and Composites written by Khalid Mahmood Zia and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algae Based Polymers, Blends, and Composites: Chemistry, Biotechnology and Material Sciences offers considerable detail on the origin of algae, extraction of useful metabolites and major compounds from algal bio-mass, and the production and future prospects of sustainable polymers derived from algae, blends of algae, and algae based composites. Characterization methods and processing techniques for algae-based polymers and composites are discussed in detail, enabling researchers to apply the latest techniques to their own work. The conversion of bio-mass into high value chemicals, energy, and materials has ample financial and ecological importance, particularly in the era of declining petroleum reserves and global warming. Algae are an important source of biomass since they flourish rapidly and can be cultivated almost everywhere. At present the majority of naturally produced algal biomass is an unused resource and normally is left to decompose. Similarly, the use of this enormous underexploited biomass is mainly limited to food consumption and as bio-fertilizer. However, there is an opportunity here for materials scientists to explore its potential as a feedstock for the production of sustainable materials. Provides detailed information on the extraction of useful compounds from algal biomass Highlights the development of a range of polymers, blends, and composites Includes coverage of characterization and processing techniques, enabling research scientists and engineers to apply the information to their own research and development Discusses potential applications and future prospects of algae-based biopolymers, giving the latest insight into the future of these sustainable materials

Download or read book Keratin as a Protein Biopolymer written by Swati Sharma and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-23 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides information about the sources, structure, and properties of keratin as well as its applications. The extraction from different biomass sources (e.g. feathers, hairs, nails, horn, hoof, and claws) as well as the characterization methods of these extracted materials are explained. The development of bioproducts from keratins is challenging and limited since they are neither soluble in polar solvents nor in non-polar solvents. Therefore, the utilization of different microorganisms for the degradation of keratin is also discussed. The main aim of this book is to highlight the unique features of keratin and to update readers with the possible prospects to develop various value-added products from keratins. The book is highly interesting to researchers working in industry and academia on bioproducts, tissue engineering, biocomposites, biofilm, and biofibers.

Download or read book Handbook of Engineering Practice of Materials and Corrosion written by Jung-Chul (Thomas) Eun and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-04 with total page 885 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an in-depth guide to the practical aspects of materials and corrosion engineering in the energy and chemical industries. The book covers materials, corrosion, welding, heat treatment, coating, test and inspection, and mechanical design and integrity. A central focus is placed on industrial requirements, including codes, standards, regulations, and specifications that practicing material and corrosion engineers and technicians face in all roles and in all areas of responsibility. The comprehensive resource provides expert guidance on general corrosion mechanisms and recommends materials for the control and prevention of corrosion damage, and offers readers industry-tested best practices, rationales, and case studies.