Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Download or read book The Right Heart written by Sean P. Gaine and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The heart and lung are intricately linked. When the heart is affected by disease, the lungs will often show some related pathological or clinical conditions and vice versa. Pulmonary heart disease is by definition a condition when the lungs cause the heart to fail. The left ventricle in combination with the other structures in the “left heart” pumps blood throughout the body. The right ventricle (and structures of the “right heart”) pumps blood to the lungs where it is oxygenated and returned to the left heart for distribution. In normal circumstances, the right heart pumps blood into the lungs without any resistance. The lungs usually have minimal pressure and the right heart easily pumps blood through. However when there is lung disease present, like emphysema, chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) or pulmonary hypertension- the small blood vessels become very stiff and rigid. The right ventricle is no longer able to push blood into the lungs and eventually fails. This is known as pulmonary heart disease. Pulmonary heart disease is also known as right heart failure or cor pulmonale. The chief cause of right heart failure is the increase in blood pressure in the lungs (pulmonary artery).

Download or read book Platelets in Cardiovascular Disease written by Deepak L. Bhatt and published by Imperial College Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Platelets in Cardiovascular Disease provides an in-depth and current coverage of relevant platelet biology and antiplatelet therapy that is in clinical use today and potentially for the future. The book provides a succinct overview of the critical role of platelets in cardiovascular medicine. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and recent research has found that the platelet is central to the genesis of heart attacks and stroke as well as many of the complications of angioplasty and bypass surgery. An explosion of knowledge of the biology of platelets has established their important role in the formation of blood clots and, perhaps more intriguingly, their role as inflammatory cells. This growth in information has been paralleled by the development of several drugs that can interfere with platelet action and thereby improve patient outcomes. Indeed, several antiplatelet drugs already in development may ultimately lead to marked advances in both the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Drawing upon a panel of international experts, Platelets in Cardiovascular Disease delivers a concise yet thorough review of the major developments in antiplatelet therapy. Practicing clinicians as well as those involved in the development of new antithrombotic therapies will find the book interesting and useful. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Platelet Biology the Role of Platelets in Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Inflammation (274 KB). Contents: Platelet Biology: The Role of Platelets in Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Inflammation (R C Becker); Thromboxane Antagonists (B R Dulin & S R Steinhubl); Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors (S J Lehman et al.); ADP Receptor Antagonists (J Karha & C P Cannon); Monitoring Antiplatelet Therapy (P Harrison & A D Michelson); Platelet Genomics (B K Jefferson et al.); Future Strategies for the Development of Antiplatelet Drugs (R A Harrington). Readership: Physicians: cardiologists, vascular medicine specialists, hematologists; physicians in training: fellows, residents, interns; pharmacists; pharmaceutical industry: scientists, sales representatives.

Download or read book Coronary Angioscopy written by Kyoichi Mizuno and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-03 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a thorough review of coronary angioscopy, ranging from instructions on its use to the latest advances. Starting with the structure and fundamental principles of angioscopy, it shows readers how to apply the image to comprehensive care of coronary-artery patients. Plentiful color photos and illustrations will enable readers to investigate and classify plaques and thrombi and to evaluate coronary stent- and drug-based therapies. The authors are leading researchers on angioscopy. This book offers the perfect guide not only for new clinicians but also for cardiologists who have already adopted this technique for medical examination and treatment. Angioscopy is a unique medical technique for visualizing the interior of blood vessels and helps physicians not only to diagnose the pathology but also to measure the effectiveness of Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or antiarteriosclerotic drugs. Furthermore, the recently developed molecular angioscopy approach allows us to observe Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxide, collagen, and macrophages, and is rapidly growing in importance.

Download or read book Cancer Associated Thrombosis written by Alok A. Khorana and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-26 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Showcasing the expertise of top-tier specialists who contributed to the newly released guidelines for the care of thrombosis in cancer patients, this exciting guide was written and edited by members of the American Society of Clinical Oncology panel, (ASCO), on the prevention and treatment of cancer-associated thrombosis, among others, and provides

Download or read book Acute Pulmonary Embolism written by A. Geibel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The value of echocardiography in the diagnostic work-up of patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism.- New developments in the thrombolytic therapy of venous thrombosis.- Mechanism of blood coagulation. Newer aspects of anticoagulant and antithrombotic therapy.MR-angiography in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.Scintigraphy-ventilation/perfusion scanning and imaging of the embolus.- Clinical course and prognosis of acute pulmonary embolism.- The molecular mechanisms of inherited thombophilia.

Download or read book The Saccharine Disease written by T. L. Cleave and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Saccharine Disease, Conditions Caused by the Taking of Refined Carbohydrates, such as Sugar and White Flour contends that the causation of these conditions has been obscured through confusing distinctions between unnatural, refined carbohydrates and that of natural, unrefined carbohydrates like fruits and whole meal flour. The author notes that all the foregoing conditions are really the manifestations of a single master-disease—that many of the major diseases of modern societies are caused by consuming unreasonable amounts of refined carbohydrate foods. The author discusses that in the short time that man has changed his diet, evolutionary adaptation is left behind. He gives two rules to prevent and arrest all saccharine disease manifestations: Do not eat any food unless you definitely want it, and avoid eating white flour or white sugar. These two rules will prevent gastric or duodenal ulcer, diabetes, coronary disease, constipation, complications of varicose veins, hemorrhoids, E. coli infections, obesity, and some skin conditions, As a retired Surgeon-General of the Royal Navy, the author bases his assumptions on evolutionary, epidemiological, and other scientific or historical work. This book can give insights to dieticians, food researchers, nutritionists, people on diet, and general medicine practioners.

Download or read book The Interventional Cardiology Training Manual written by Aung Myat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is a readily accessible educational tool for all fellows undertaking subspecialty training in interventional cardiology, while also serving as a refresher to early career interventional cardiologists. The key objective is to equip the reader with an evidence-based expert-led resource focussed primarily on pre-procedural planning, peri-procedural decision-making, and the salient technical aspects of performing safe and effective coronary intervention, the intention being to support the therapeutic decision-making process in the emergency room, coronary care unit or cath lab in order to optimize patient outcome. The Interventional Cardiology Training Manual provides readers with a step-by-step guide to the basic principles underpinning coronary intervention and facilitates rapid access to best practice from the experts, presented in a pragmatic, digestible and concise format. Uniquely, each chapter has been written in a heart center-specific manner, affording the reader an opportunity to learn how individual institutions perform a specific procedure, which algorithms and guidelines they follow and what evidence they draw on to instigate the best possible care for their patients.

Download or read book A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-08-26 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic diseases are common and costly, yet they are also among the most preventable health problems. Comprehensive and accurate disease surveillance systems are needed to implement successful efforts which will reduce the burden of chronic diseases on the U.S. population. A number of sources of surveillance data-including population surveys, cohort studies, disease registries, administrative health data, and vital statistics-contribute critical information about chronic disease. But no central surveillance system provides the information needed to analyze how chronic disease impacts the U.S. population, to identify public health priorities, or to track the progress of preventive efforts. A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases outlines a conceptual framework for building a national chronic disease surveillance system focused primarily on cardiovascular and chronic lung diseases. This system should be capable of providing data on disparities in incidence and prevalence of the diseases by race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic region, along with data on disease risk factors, clinical care delivery, and functional health outcomes. This coordinated surveillance system is needed to integrate and expand existing information across the multiple levels of decision making in order to generate actionable, timely knowledge for a range of stakeholders at the local, state or regional, and national levels. The recommendations presented in A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases focus on data collection, resource allocation, monitoring activities, and implementation. The report also recommends that systems evolve along with new knowledge about emerging risk factors, advancing technologies, and new understanding of the basis for disease. This report will inform decision-making among federal health agencies, especially the Department of Health and Human Services; public health and clinical practitioners; non-governmental organizations; and policy makers, among others.

Download or read book Mayo Clinic Cardiology written by Mayo Clinic and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organized to present a comprehensive overview of the field of cardiology in an accessible, reader-friendly format that can be covered in about 12 months, this new edition contains roughly 50% new material, the cardiac pharmacology section has been completely reworked, cardiovascular trials have been included, and the entire book has been updated to reflect current practice guidelines and recent developments. The book is peppered throughout with numerous tables and clinical pearls that aid the student, as well as the teacher, to remain focused.

Download or read book Erythrocyte written by Kaneez Fatima Shad and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to carrying haemoglobin for gas exchange, red blood cells (RBCs) or erythrocytes contain a number of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, making them capable of acting as peripheral biomarkers for many pathological conditions. Early identification of key changes in erythrocytes in response to inflammatory or infectious diseases saves millions of lives worldwide. As such, this book examines the role of RBCs in immunology. Chapters cover such topics as an iron deficiency in erythrocytes, the modulation of oxidative stress (OS) in erythrocytes in bacterial and viral infections, using human foetal astrocytes (HFAs) as an experimental model to measure early predictive biomarkers for hypertension, and more.

Download or read book Hypoxia and Anoxia written by Kusal Das and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The molecular deprivation of oxygen is manifested by hypoxia, a deficiency of oxygen and anoxia, or the absence of oxygen supply to the tissues. This book entitled Hypoxia and Anoxia will cover a broad range of understanding on hypoxia and anoxia from molecular mechanisms to pathophysiology. Hypoxia and anoxia stimulate multiple systems through specific cell signal transduction pathways and regulate several transcriptional factors like HIF-1, REST to encode genes for VEGF, Epo, etc. This book will also highlight different types of hypoxia and anoxia along with their impact on apoptosis, cardiovascular pathophysiology, and glucose regulatory mechanisms. This book will be a ready reckoner to give a deep understanding of the oxygen-sensing environment in vivo for researchers, academicians, and clinicians throughout the world.

Download or read book Platelets in Thrombotic and Non Thrombotic Disorders written by Paolo Gresele and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-08 with total page 1402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews current science and applications in fields including thrombosis and hemostasis, signal transduction, and non-thrombotic conditions such as inflammation, allergy and tumor metastasis. It is a detailed, up-to-date, highly referenced text for clinical scientists and physicians, including recent developments in this rapidly expanding field. More than a scientific resource, this is also an authoritative reference and guide to the diagnosis.

Download or read book Bioresorbable Scaffolds written by Yoshinobu Onuma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the coronary bioresorbable scaffold, a new interventional treatment for coronary artery disease, differentiated from a permanent metallic stent. The book provides an overview of the technology including non-clinical studies and clinical evidences in order to help clinicians understand the appropriate application of the technology and the optimal techniques of implantation. It covers the basics of bioresorbable scaffolds; bench test results; preclinical studies; clinical evidences; and tips and tricks of implantation.

Download or read book Oxidative Stress and Vascular Disease written by John F. Keaney Jr. and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-12-31 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the major biomedical triumphs of the post-World War II era was the defmitive demonstration that hypercholesterolemia is a key causative factor in atherosclerosis; that hypercholesterolemia can be effectively treated; and that treatment significantly reduces not only coronary disease mortality but also all cause mortality. Treatment to lower plasma levels of cholesterol - primarily low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol - is now accepted as best medical practice and both physicians and patients are being educated to take aggressive measures to lower LDL. We can confidently look forward to important decreases in the toll of coronary artery disease over the coming decades. However, there is still uncertainty as to the exact mechanisms by which elevated plasma cholesterol and LDL levels initiate and favor the progression of lesions. There is general consensus that one of the earliest responses to hypercholesterolemia is the adhesion of monocytes to aortic endothelial cells followed by their penetration into the subendothelial space, where they differentiate into macrophages. These cells, and also medial smooth muscle cells that have migrated into the subendothelial space, then become loaded with mUltiple, large droplets of cholesterol esters . . . the hallmark of the earliest visible atherosclerotic lesion, the so-called fatty streak. This lesion is the precursor of the more advanced lesions, both in animal models and in humans. Thus the centrality of hypercholesterolemia cannot be overstated. Still, the atherogenic process is complex and evolves over a long period of time.

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 5 written by Dorairaj Prabhakaran and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-17 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related conditions cause more than 40 percent of all deaths globally, and their substantial burden is rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Their burden extends well beyond health effects to include significant economic and societal consequences. Most of these conditions are related, share risk factors, and have common control measures at the clinical, population, and policy levels. Lives can be extended and improved when these diseases are prevented, detected, and managed. This volume summarizes current knowledge and presents evidence-based interventions that are effective, cost-effective, and scalable in LMICs.

Download or read book Thrombosis and Cardiovascular Diseases written by A. Strano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four years ago when the first European Symposium on the re lationship between alterations of blood clotting mechanisms and atherosclerosis was organized, we asked ourselves which would be the best way to obtain both scientific and practical contributions. We have been interested in cardiovascular diseases for several years now and have therefore focused our attention on the "container" (Le. the blood vessel) rather than on the "contents" (Le. the various components of blood) as considered only from a haemodynamic point of view. In recent years correlations were found between alterations of vascular wall and alteration of coagulative, fibrinolytic, and plate let factors as well as of haemorheological phenomena in the thrombo genic evolution of atherosclerotic lesions. A close cooperation between cardiologists and workers interested in atherosclerosis and thrombosis is therefore necessary. We think that the most appropriate approach to the various problems concerning correlations between thrombogenic and atherosclerotic lesions is co-operation between experts in these different fields of research. We thus decided to organize the 2nd Symposium taking into account the great progress achieved in this field during the past few years, and hope that discussions on diagnostic and therapeutical perspec' tives will yield useful elements both for the cardiologist and for the cardiologist and for the general practitioner.