Download or read book The Smart Rotor Concept on Wind Turbines written by Anton Werner Hulskamp and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Smart Rotors for Next Generation Wind Turbines written by Zhenrong Jeremy Chen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most visible trend in wind turbine design over the past three decades has been the increasing size of the turbines themselves. This growth has been driven by a desire for increased power production and lower generation costs, and been enabled through the incorporation of improvements to materials, aerodynamic design, and control systems. The latter feature, in the form of active aerodynamic load control, is of particular interest due to its ability to increase the lifetime and reliability of turbine components through the reduction of fatigue loads. Recent developments within literature have proposed the use of trailing edge flaps (TEFs) installed near the blade tips to effect these load reductions, with the combination of these devices along with sensors and existing individual blade pitch control (IPC) strategies forming the ‘smart-rotor’ concept. In this work, a turbine scale-invariant controller synthesis process is developed for IPC and TEFs for the purpose of reducing blade root fatigue loads. The performance of the controllers obtained using this process is evaluated on a range of current and nextgeneration turbine models using simulations over the operating range of the turbines. The controller synthesis process is then integrated into a blade optimisation procedure, wherein aerodynamic and structural design variables are selected to minimise the levelised cost of energy (LCOE). The inclusion of the controller synthesis process enables the effects of IPC and TEFs to be included in the optimisation of the wind turbine blades. The effectiveness of the controller synthesis process is demonstrated on a range of turbines with ratings from 5–20 MW, where significant and consistent blade root fatigue load reductions are obtained when IPC and TEF actuation are used on top of existing collective pitch control (CPC). The blade optimisation procedure is then run with blades from 5–20 MW turbines with combinations of CPC, IPC and TEFs. The optimisation procedure results in turbines with a lower LCOE, and lighter and cheaper blades. The inclusion of IPC and TEFs enables further reductions in the LCOE, blade mass and cost relative to blades optimised with CPC only. From the blade optimisation procedure, blade deflection, rotor thrust and flatwise extreme loads were identified as important design drivers.
Download or read book Smart Rotor Modeling written by Leonardo Bergami and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-30 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A smart rotor is a wind turbine rotor that, through a combination of sensors, control units and actuators actively reduces the variation of the aerodynamic loads it has to withstand. Smart rotors feature promising load alleviation potential and might provide the technological breakthrough required by the next generation of large wind turbine rotors. The book presents the aero-servo-elastic model of a smart rotor with Adaptive Trailing Edge Flaps for active load alleviation and provides an insight on the rotor aerodynamic, structural and control modeling. A novel model for the unsteady aerodynamics of an air foil section with flap is presented and coupled with a multi-body structural representation. A smart rotor configuration is proposed, where the Adaptive Trailing Edge Flaps extend along the outer 20 % of the blade span. Linear Quadratic and Model Predictive algorithms are formulated to control the flap deflection. The potential of the smart rotor is finally confirmed by simulations in a turbulent wind field. A significant reduction of the fatigue loads on the blades is reported: the flaps, which cover no more than 1.5 % of the blade surface, reduce the fatigue load by 15 %; a combination of flap and individual pitch control allows for fatigue reductions up to 30 %.
Download or read book Wind Turbine Systems written by David A. Rivkin and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides readers with in-depth information on the mechanical systems that make wind-turbine subsystems. Readers will learn about the rotor system, drive train, nacelle, electrical system, control system, and operating sequence control, along with issues related to wind-turbine location.
Download or read book Innovation in Wind Turbine Design written by Peter Jamieson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aktualisiert und erweiterte Neuauflage dieses umfassenden Leitfadens zu Innovationen in der Entwicklung von Windkraftanlagen Die 2. Auflage von Innovation in Wind Turbine Design beschäftigt sich im Detail mit den Designgrundlagen, erläutert die Entscheidungsgründe für ein bestimmtes Design und beschreibt Methoden zur Bewertung innovativer Systeme und Komponenten. Die 2. Auflage wurde wesentlich erweitert und insgesamt aktualisiert. Neue Inhalte befassen sich mit den theoretischen Grundlagen von Antriebsscheiben in Bezug auf induktionsarme Rotoren. Wesentlich erweitert wurden die Abschnitte zu Offshore-Fragen und Flugwindkraftsystemen. Aktualisierte Inhalte beziehen sich auf Antriebsstränge und die grundlegende Theorie von Planetengetrieben und Differenzialgetrieben. Die Grundlagen der Windenergie und Irrtümer hinsichtlich des Designs von Rotoren mit Luftkanälen, Labor- und Feldtests der Rotorsysteme Katru und Wind Lens werden deutlicher herausgearbeitet. LiDAR wird kurz vorgestellt, ebenso die neuesten Entwicklungen beim Multi-Rotor-Konzept, darunter das Vier-Rotor-System von Vestas. Ein neues Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit dem innovativen DeepWind VAWT. Das Buch ist in vier Hauptabschnitte gegliedert: Hintergrundinformationen zu Designs, Technologiebewertung, Designthemen und innovative Technologiebeispiele. Wichtige Merkmale: - Stark erweiterte und um neue Inhalte ergänzt. - Deckt die Designgrundlagen umfassend ab, erläutert die Entscheidungsgründe für ein bestimmtes Design und beschreibt Methoden zur Bewertung innovativer Systeme und Komponenten. - Enthält innovative Beispiele aus der Praxis. - Jetzt mit Informationen zu den neuesten Entwicklungen in dem Fachgebiet. Dieses Buch ist ein Muss für Windkraftingenieure, Energieingenieure und Turbinenentwickler, Berater, Forscher und Studenten höherer Semester.
Download or read book Assessment of Research Needs for Wind Turbine Rotor Materials Technology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind-driven power systems represent a renewable energy technology. Arrays of interconnected wind turbines can convert power carried by the wind into electricity. This book defines a research and development agenda for the U.S. Department of Energy's wind energy program in hopes of improving the performance of this emerging technology.
Download or read book Assessment of Research Needs for Wind Turbine Rotor Materials Technology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind-driven power systems represent a renewable energy technology. Arrays of interconnected wind turbines can convert power carried by the wind into electricity. This book defines a research and development agenda for the U.S. Department of Energy's wind energy program in hopes of improving the performance of this emerging technology.
Download or read book Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines written by Martin O. L. Hansen and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2000 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind power is an increasingly significant renewable energy resource, producing no environmentally damaging CO2 emissions. The efficient production of electricity by wind turbines relies on aerodynamics: Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines provides the fundamental solutions to efficient wind turbine design. Following a historical introduction, Part 1 of Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines is concerned with basic rotor aerodynamics, while Part 2 deals with structural aspects of the wind turbine and calculation of the loads on it. Topics covered include increasing mass flow through the turbine, performance at low and high wind speeds, assessment of the extreme conditions under which the turbine will perform and the theory for calculating the lifetime of the turbine. The classical Blade Element Momentum method is also covered, as are eigenmodes and the dynamic behavior of a turbine. Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines is an essential reference for both engineering students and others with a professional or academic interest in the physics and technologies behind horizontal axis wind turbines. It will provide a sound understanding of the mechanisms behind the generation of forces on a wind turbine.
Download or read book General Momentum Theory for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines written by Jens Nørkær Sørensen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-17 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reconsiders the basic approaches behind the BEM method and in particular assesses and validates the equations forming the general momentum theory. One part of the book concerns the validation, using numerical fluid mechanics (CFD), of the different terms in the equations forming the momentum theory. Other parts present new ideas for extending the theory and for enhancing the accuracy of the BEM approach. Besides a general introduction and explanation of the momentum theory, the book also deals with specialized topics, such as diffusor-augmented rotors, wind tunnel corrections, tip corrections, and combined momentum/vortex theory for design of wind turbine rotors. The book contains new as well as already published material, and the author has strived to put the material into a new and more consistent context than what usually is found in similar text books. The book is primarily intended for researchers and experienced students with a basic knowledge in fluid mechanics wishing to understand and expand their knowledge on wind turbine aerodynamics. The book is self-consistent, hence all necessary derivations are shown, and it should not be necessary to seek help in other literature to understand the contents of the book.
Download or read book Wind Turbine Aerodynamics and Vorticity Based Methods written by Emmanuel Branlard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-05 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book introduces the fundamentals of fluid-mechanics, momentum theories, vortex theories and vortex methods necessary for the study of rotors aerodynamics and wind-turbines aerodynamics in particular. Rotor theories are presented in a great level of details at the beginning of the book. These theories include: the blade element theory, the Kutta-Joukowski theory, the momentum theory and the blade element momentum method. A part of the book is dedicated to the description and implementation of vortex methods. The remaining of the book focuses on the study of wind turbine aerodynamics using vortex-theory analyses or vortex-methods. Examples of vortex-theory applications are: optimal rotor design, tip-loss corrections, yaw-models and dynamic inflow models. Historical derivations and recent extensions of the models are presented. The cylindrical vortex model is another example of a simple analytical vortex model presented in this book. This model leads to the development of different BEM models and it is also used to provide the analytical velocity field upstream of a turbine or a wind farm under aligned or yawed conditions. Different applications of numerical vortex methods are presented. Numerical methods are used for instance to investigate the influence of a wind turbine on the incoming turbulence. Sheared inflows and aero-elastic simulations are investigated using vortex methods for the first time. Many analytical flows are derived in details: vortex rings, vortex cylinders, Hill's vortex, vortex blobs etc. They are used throughout the book to devise simple rotor models or to validate the implementation of numerical methods. Several Matlab programs are provided to ease some of the most complex implementations.
Download or read book Wind Turbines written by Colin Anderson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-20 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the multi-disciplinary field of wind energy, students and professionals can often be uncomfortable outside their own specialist areas. This essential textbook explains the key aspects of wind turbine technology and its application in a single readable text. Covering a broad range of multi-disciplinary topics, including everything from aerodynamics through to electrical and control theory, to structures, planning, economics, and policy, this reference is an excellent toolkit for undergraduate students, postgraduate students, and professionals in the field of wind energy. Key concepts, including more challenging ones such as rotational sampling of turbulence, vortex wake structures, and reactive power management, are explained using clear language and simplifying illustrations including experimental graphs, photos, and line drawings.
Download or read book Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines written by Martin O. L. Hansen and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines is the established essential text for the fundamental solutions to efficient wind turbine design. Now in its second edition it has been entirely updated and substantially extended to reflect advances in technology research into rotor aerodynamics and the structural response of the wind turbine structure. Topics covered include increasing mass flow through the turbine performance at low and high wind speeds assessment of the extreme conditions under which the turbine will perform and the theory for calculating the lifetime of the turbine. The classical Blade Element Momentum method is also covered as are eigenmodes and the dynamic behaviour of a turbine. The new material includes a description of the effects of the dynamics and how this can be modelled in an 'aeroelastic code' which is widely used in the design and verification of modern wind turbines. Further the description of how to calculate the vibration of the whole construction as well as the time varying loads has been substantially updated."--Publisher's website.
Download or read book Wind Turbine Generator Rotor Blade Concepts with Low Cost Potential written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding Wind Power Technology written by Alois Schaffarczyk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind energy technology has progressed enormously over the last decade. In coming years it will continue to develop in terms of power ratings, performance and installed capacity of large wind turbines worldwide, with exciting developments in offshore installations. Designed to meet the training needs of wind engineers, this introductory text puts wind energy in context, from the natural resource to the assessment of cost effectiveness and bridges the gap between theory and practice. The thorough coverage spans the scientific basics, practical implementations and the modern state of technology used in onshore and offshore wind farms for electricity generation. Key features: provides in-depth treatment of all systems associated with wind energy, including the aerodynamic and structural aspects of blade design, the flow of energy and loads through the wind turbine, the electrical components and power electronics including control systems explains the importance of wind resource assessment techniques, site evaluation and ecology with a focus of project planning and operation describes the integration of wind farms into the electric grid and includes a whole chapter dedicated to offshore wind farms includes questions in each chapter for readers to test their knowledge Written by experts with deep experience in research, teaching and industry, this text conveys the importance of wind energy in the international energy-policy debate, and offers clear insight into the subject for postgraduates and final year undergraduate students studying all aspects of wind engineering. Understanding Wind Power Systems is also an authoritative resource for engineers designing and developing wind energy systems, energy policy makers, environmentalists, and economists in the renewable energy sector.
Download or read book Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines written by Martin Hansen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerodynamics of Wind Turbines is the established essential text for the fundamental solutions to efficient wind turbine design. Now in its third edition, it has been substantially updated with respect to structural dynamics and control. The new control chapter now includes details on how to design a classical pitch and torque regulator to control rotational speed and power, while the section on structural dynamics has been extended with a simplified mechanical system explaining the phenomena of forward and backward whirling modes. Readers will also benefit from a new chapter on Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT). Topics covered include increasing mass flow through the turbine, performance at low and high wind speeds, assessment of the extreme conditions under which the turbine will perform and the theory for calculating the lifetime of the turbine. The classical Blade Element Momentum method is also covered, as are eigenmodes and the dynamic behaviour of a turbine. The book describes the effects of the dynamics and how this can be modelled in an aeroelastic code, which is widely used in the design and verification of modern wind turbines. Furthermore, it examines how to calculate the vibration of the whole construction, as well as the time varying loads and global case studies.
Download or read book Innovative Wind Turbines written by Vaughn Nelson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-25 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovative Wind Turbines is a tribute to the inventors, entrepreneurs, researchers, and companies that through their efforts have envisioned, designed, and constructed models and prototypes for wind energy devices. There are numerous concepts and ideas on ways to convert wind energy into usable energy, and this book examines the innovative, novel, or unusual concepts with numerous photos and historical examples. Primarily, only prototypes that have been constructed are mentioned, along with a few design concepts. The wind turbines are divided by types: horizontal axis wind turbines, ducted wind turbines, vertical axis wind turbines, airborne wind turbines, and more. Features: Includes numerous photos of innovative wind turbines Presents information and examples of multiple rotor, multiple blade designs Includes information and examples of airborne wind energy systems Examines novel blade designs, including whale blades and biomimicry
Download or read book Offshore Wind Energy Generation written by Olimpo Anaya-Lara and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-03-26 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The offshore wind sector’s trend towards larger turbines, bigger wind farm projects and greater distance to shore has a critical impact on grid connection requirements for offshore wind power plants. This important reference sets out the fundamentals and latest innovations in electrical systems and control strategies deployed in offshore electricity grids for wind power integration. Includes: All current and emerging technologies for offshore wind integration and trends in energy storage systems, fault limiters, superconducting cables and gas-insulated transformers Protection of offshore wind farms illustrating numerous system integration and protection challenges through case studies Modelling of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIG) and full-converter wind turbines structures together with an explanation of the smart grid concept in the context of wind farms Comprehensive material on power electronic equipment employed in wind turbines with emphasis on enabling technologies (HVDC, STATCOM) to facilitate the connection and compensation of large-scale onshore and offshore wind farms Worked examples and case studies to help understand the dynamic interaction between HVDC links and offshore wind generation Concise description of the voltage source converter topologies, control and operation for offshore wind farm applications Companion website containing simulation models of the cases discussed throughout Equipping electrical engineers for the engineering challenges in utility-scale offshore wind farms, this is an essential resource for power system and connection code designers and pratitioners dealing with integation of wind generation and the modelling and control of wind turbines. It will also provide high-level support to academic researchers and advanced students in power and renewable energy as well as technical and research staff in transmission and distribution system operators and in wind turbine and electrical equipment manufacturers.
