Download or read book The Root Canal Biofilm written by Luis E. Chávez de Paz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-20 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the current state of research on the basic scientific aspects of root canal biofilm biology within a clinically applicable context. Root canal biofilms are complex polymicrobial structures adhering to the root canal surface that are formed by microorganisms invading the pulpal space of teeth, and are associated with persistent root canal infections. Concerted efforts to study root canal biofilms have been made in the past decade, resulting in the publication of observational and experimental studies that detail the morphology and biology of these structures in infected root canals. In addition to confirming that bacteria in root canals do not exist in free-floating planktonic states as previously assumed, this new information on root canal biofilm infections has provided an opportunity to re-evaluate conventional clinical protocols and improve endodontic therapeutic measures.
Download or read book The Root Canal Biofilm written by Luis E. Chávez de Paz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the current state of research on the basic scientific aspects of root canal biofilm biology within a clinically applicable context. Root canal biofilms are complex polymicrobial structures adhering to the root canal surface that are formed by microorganisms invading the pulpal space of teeth, and are associated with persistent root canal infections. Concerted efforts to study root canal biofilms have been made in the past decade, resulting in the publication of observational and experimental studies that detail the morphology and biology of these structures in infected root canals. In addition to confirming that bacteria in root canals do not exist in free-floating planktonic states as previously assumed, this new information on root canal biofilm infections has provided an opportunity to re-evaluate conventional clinical protocols and improve endodontic therapeutic measures. .
Download or read book Endodontic Microbiology written by Ashraf F. Fouad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-02-06 with total page 878 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endodontic Microbiology, Second Edition presents a comprehensive reference to the microbiology, pathogenesis, management, and healing of endodontic pathosis, emphasizing the importance of biological sciences in understanding and managing endodontic disease and its interaction with systemic health. Provides a major revision to the first book to focus on the problems related to microbes in the root canal and periapical tissues Updates current knowledge in endodontic pathosis, especially regarding next generation sequencing and microbial virulence Presents useful diagrams, images, radiographs, and annotated histological images to illustrate the concepts Emphasizes the importance of biological science in understanding and managing endodontic disease Includes contributions from the leading researchers and educators in the field
Download or read book Oral Biofilms written by S. Eick and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofilms are highly organized polymicrobial communities that are embedded in an extracellular matrix and formed on natural and artificial surfaces. In the oral cavity, biofilms are formed not only on natural teeth, but also on restorative materials, prosthetic constructions, and dental implants. Oral diseases like caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, and also pulp inflammation are associated with biofilms. This publication is an up-to-date overview on oral biofilms from different clinically relevant perspectives. Experts comprising basic researchers and clinicians report on recent research relating to biofilms - from general summaries to recommendations for daily clinical work. This book covers all aspects of oral biofilms, including models used in the laboratory, biofilms in dental water unit lines, periodontal and peri-implant biofilms, caries-related biofilms, halitosis, endodontic biofilms, and Candida infections, as well as biofilms on dental materials and on orthodontic appliances. Several chapters deal with anti-biofilm therapy, from the efficacy of mechanical methods and the use of antimicrobials, to alternative concepts. This publication is particularly recommended to dental medicine students, practitioners, other oral healthcare professionals, and scientists with an interest in translational research on biofilms.
Download or read book Use of Electromagnetic Stimulation on an Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm in Root Canal Treated Teeth in Vitro written by Justin K. Kindler and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: Nonsurgical root canal therapy procedures aim to reduce the total microbial load within an infected root canal system through chemomechanical debridement of the root canal system via instrumentation in conjunction with an antibacterial irrigating solution. The most commonly used irrigant is sodium hypochlorite, often at concentrations toxic to human cells. Electromagnetic wave irradiation is a novel method of disinfection that has been shown to be bactericidal against planktonic microorganisms in solution, but its efficacy against an established biofilm is unknown. Pilot studies have demonstrated a synergistic killing effect with sodium hypochlorite through a process termed electromagnetic stimulation (EMS). If confirmed, lower concentrations of the current gold standard of 6.0-percent sodium hypochlorite could be used to irrigate infected root canals during endodontic treatment, resulting in less toxicity to human cells. There are also regenerative implications as EMS could be used to disinfect the root canals of immature teeth using 1.5-percent sodium hypochlorite, as recommended by the American Association of Endodontists. Objectives: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the anti-biofilm effect of EMS against an established biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Single rooted teeth were cut to a standardized length (12 mm) and instrumented with a 45.05 Wave One Gold reciprocating file. Specimens were sterilized and inoculated with E. faecalis, which grew for two weeks to form an established biofilm. There were five treatment groups: 1) 6.0-percent sodium hypochlorite; 2) 1.5-percent sodium hypochlorite; 3) 1.5-percent sodium hypochlorite with EMS; 4) 0.9-percent saline with EMS and 5) 0.9-percent saline. Samples were collected, plated, and incubated for two days. The number of CFUs/mL was determined and converted to log10. The effect of treatment group on bacterial counts was made using Wilcoxon Rank Sums Test. One sample per group was scored and split for confocal imaging. Null Hypothesis: Teeth treated with EMS in combination with 1.5-percent sodium hypochlorite or 0.9-percent saline will not demonstrate a significant anti-biofilm effect in comparison to those treated with 6.0-percent sodium hypochlorite alone. Results: 0.9-percent saline and 0.9-percent saline with EMS were significantly higher than 6.0-percent NaOCl, 1.5-percent NaOCl, and 1.5-percent NaOCl with EMS. 0.9-percent saline was significantly higher than 0.9-percent saline with EMS. The three groups that included treatment with NaOCl were not significantly different from each other. Confocal imaging confirmed the CFU findings. Conclusion: Because there was no growth in any of the NaOCl groups, the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. However, there was an antibiofilm effect when comparing the two saline groups, demonstrating that EMS has an antibiofilm effect. Future studies should focus on determining what concentration of NaOCl is most effective in combination with EMS.
Download or read book Characterization and Validation of an in Vitro Root Canal Biofilm Model written by Antonio Vera and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Endodontic Irrigation written by Bettina Basrani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-17 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the available information on bacterial disinfection in endodontics, with emphasis on the chemical treatment of root canals based on current understanding of the process of irrigation. It describes recent advances in knowledge of the chemistry associated with irrigants and delivery systems, which is of vital importance given that chemical intervention is now considered one of the most important measures in eliminating planktonic microbes and biofilms from the infected tooth. Recommendations are made regarding concentrations, exposure times and optimal sequences. Possible complications related to the use of the different solutions are highlighted, with guidance on response. In addition, clinical protocols are suggested on the basis of both clinical experience and the results of past and ongoing research. Throughout, a practical, clinically oriented approach is adopted that will assist the practitioner in ensuring successful endodontic treatment.
Download or read book Disinfection of Root Canal Systems written by Nestor Cohenca and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-06-18 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clean root canal systems are essential for successful endodontic treatment. With contributions from leading endodontists from around the world, Dr. Nestor Cohenca here presents the etiology of endodontic disease caused by the endodontic biofilm and all therapies available to predictably disinfect the root canal system, thus increasing successful endodontic outcomes. Disinfection of Root Canal Systems: The Treatment of Apical Periodontitis is an evidence-based manual that describes root canal anatomy, the endodontic biofilm, and the role of disinfection before presenting the most up-to-date methods of irrigation and disinfection. Individual chapters are devoted to each method, such as positive pressure irrigation, apical negative pressure irrigation, sonic activation, photodynamic therapy, laser technology, and ozonization and electrochemical activation. Clinical photographs throughout show proper irrigation and disinfection techniques.
Download or read book Endodontic Biofilms written by Sadia Ambreen Niazi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refractory root canal infections are polymicrobial and their prevention and treatment present as a major challenge in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the predominant cultivable microflora of of teeth associated with refractory lesions and to develop a reproducible in vitro stressed multispecies model biofilm on extracted human teeth in order to determine the biofilm killing and disrupting efficacy of various chemomechanical procedures. The characteristics of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from root canals associated with refractory lesions and peri-oral skin samples from the same subjects were also investigated. The predominant cultivable microbiota from 20 refractory endodontic lesions (9 with abscesses and 11 without abscesses) were determined, and P. acnes and S. epidermidis were among the most predominant organisms. The number of species identified from lesions with abscesses was significantly greater than the number from lesions without abscesses. Comparison of peri-oral isolates using repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR of the same species from the same subject demonstrated that the endodontic and skin populations were significantly different. The P. acnes isolates were typed on the basis of recA gene sequence comparison and types IA, IB, II, and III were identified among 125 isolates examined. The types IA and IB were primarily isolated from skin, while type II and III were significantly more likely to be isolated from endodontic lesions. Moreover, the robustness of the recA phylotypes was not strong by comparing the partial gene sequences of six putative virulence determinants, PAmce, PAp60, PA-25957, PA-5541, PA-21293, and PA-4687. The resulting neighbour-joining trees were incongruent, and significant evidence of recombination was demonstrated, with significant phylogenetic heterogeneity being apparent within the clusters.
Download or read book Essential Endodontology written by Dag Orstavik and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-21 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authoritative reference that continues to present a systematic analysis of the scientific basis of endodontology The third edition of Essential Endodontology: Prevention and Treatment of Apical Periodontitis has been revised and updated to include the most recent developments in the field, maintaining its position as the major scientific treatise of apical periodontitis. Making an often-complex subject more digestible, the book explores the scientific basis of endodontology, adopting a systematic analysis of the available clinical and laboratory evidence. Promoting apical periodontitis as a disease entity, the comprehensive third edition focuses on its biology and clinical features, enabling the reader to have a better understanding of its diagnosis, prevention and treatment. In addition to thorough updates and full colour illustrations throughout, a new chapter on regenerative endodontics has been added to this edition. Written with a focus on the scientific basis of endodontology Includes a new chapter on regenerative endodontics Presents the most current information and major developments in this fast-moving field Provides helpful learning outcomes in each chapter Contains full colour illustrations, enriching the text Features contributions from a noted panel of international experts, including new contributors from across the globe Regarded as a vital companion to the pursuit of excellence in postgraduate and specialist education, Essential Endodontology is an indispensable and accessible resource for practicing endodontists, postgraduate students of endodontology and those seeking professional certification in endodontology.
Download or read book Textbook of Endodontics written by Nisha Garg and published by Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endodontics is the prevention, diagnosis and management of diseases of the tooth pulp and the tissues surrounding the root of a tooth. This new edition is a complete guide to endodontics for dental students. Divided into 39 chapters, the book covers numerous procedures and case studies and the text is further enhanced by more than 1500 clinical photographs, diagrams and tables. The fourth edition has been fully revised, and new topics added, to provide students with the latest information and advances in the field. Key points and clinical tips are highlighted for each topic and questions are included at the end of each chapter to assist exam preparation. Key points Complete guide to endodontics for dental students Fully revised, new edition providing latest advances in the field Includes more than 1500 clinical photographs, diagrams and tables Previous edition (9789350909522) published in 2013
Download or read book Lasers in Endodontics written by Giovanni Olivi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-15 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers up-to-date information on all aspects of the use of lasers in endodontics, focusing especially on the various laser applications, including primary and permanent root canal therapies, retreatments, apical surgery and pulp therapy. Every laser technique used in endodontics is carefully described and illustrated, with detailed coverage of both conventional methods and more recent developments such as laser-activated irrigation and photon-induced photoacoustic streaming. In addition, a separate section addresses the basic science of laser dentistry, explaining the physics, describing laser–tissue interactions, and discussing different types of laser. Extensive reference is made to the international literature in order to provide the reader with a clear, evidence-based understanding of the merits of various approaches. In offering a balanced mix of descriptions of clinical applications, clinical data, scientific research and logical criticism, the book will serve as an excellent reference for a wide audience comprising general dentists as well as specialists.
Download or read book Photoinactivation of Microorganisms in Dental Root Canal Biofilms written by Jason T. Morris and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book BiodentineTM written by Imad About and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-20 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive guide to BiodentineTM, an innovative biocompatible and bioactive material based on pure tricalcium silicate that can permanently replace dentin and can also serve as a temporary enamel substitute. Although BiodentineTM has been widely used across the world for the past decade, this is the first book to be devoted to its properties, interactions with the soft and hard tissues, and its multiple clinical applications. The coverage encompasses applications in primary and permanent teeth, in specialties as diverse as restorative dentistry, endodontics, paediatric dentistry, dental traumatology, and prosthetic dentistry. BiodentineTM application both in vital pulp therapy and endodontic procedures is illustrated and clinical step by step protocols are provided. The book provides a detailed update on BiodentineTM use to preserve the pulp vitality in direct/indirect pulp capping, pulpotomy and irreversible pulpitis treatment. It also details BiodentineTM use for non-vital teeth treatment in indications such as root/furcation perforation repair, apexification as well as in regenerative endodontic procedures. BiodentineTM: Properties and Clinical Applications will be a rich source of guidance and information for all dentists as well as dental students and academics.
Download or read book Clinical Atlas of Retreatment in Endodontics written by Viresh Chopra and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CLINICAL ATLAS OF RETREATMENT IN ENDODONTICS Explore a comprehensive pictorial guide to the retreatment of root canals and failed endodontic cases with step-by-step advice on retreatment management Clinical Atlas of Retreatment in Endodontics delivers an image-based reference to the management of failed root canal cases. It provides evidence-based strategies and detailed clinical explanations to manage and retreat previous endodontically failed cases. It contains concrete evidence-based and practical techniques accompanied by full-colour, self-explanatory clinical photographs taking the reader through a journey of successful management of the failed clinical cases. Using a variety of clinical cases, the book demonstrates why and how endodontic failures occur, how to prevent them, and how to manage them in clinical practice. It also emphasises on evaluating the restorability and prognosis of the tooth in order to make a proper case selection for providing retreatment. This book also discusses the various factors that can help the clinician to make a case for nonsurgical or surgical retreatment. Readers will benefit from the inclusion of clinical cases that provide: A thorough introduction to perforation repair, with a clinical case that includes the repair of pulpal floor perforation caused due to excessive cutting of the floor of the pulp chamber An explanation of various factors for instrument separation, supported with a case that includes the removal of a fractured instrument Practical discussions of instrument retrieval, with a case that includes a fractured instrument at the apical third of mandibular molar A step wise pictorial description for guided root canal therapy Selective root canal treatment as a treatment option for retreatment of failed endodontic cases A detailed clinical description for how to explore and modify the endodontic access cavity for locating extra/missed canals Perfect for endodontists, endodontic residents, and general dentists, Clinical Atlas of Retreatment in Endodontics is also useful for undergraduate dental students and private practitioners who wish to improve their understanding of endodontic retreatment and are looking for a one-stop reference on the subject.
Download or read book Effectiveness of Ozonated Water Irrigation Against an Established Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm in Root Canal Treated Teeth in Vitro written by Adam B. Broady and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: One of the main objectives of endodontic therapy is to reduce microbes and remove inflamed pulpal tissue within the root canal system (RCS). This is accomplished through chemomechanical debridement of the RCS using hand and rotary instrumentation along with an antimicrobial irrigant. Today, the most commonly used irrigant is sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), often at concentrations toxic to human cells. The use of ozone as an endodontic irrigant is a novel technique that has been proven to be antimicrobial against several microorganisms. However, independent research is lacking on ozone's efficacy against an established endodontic biofilm. If ozone's efficacy against biofilms is confirmed, the use of toxic and potentially dangerous sodium hypochlorite could be replaced in some clinical situations (i.e., regeneration, immature teeth, resorption) with a safer and effective alternative. Objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the anti-biofilm activity of different concentrations of ozonated water compared to various concentrations of NaOCl against an established endodontic biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis in root canal treated teeth in vitro. Materials and Methods: The crowns of similarly sized, maxillary anterior teeth were removed, and the roots cut to a standard length (12 mm). All root canals were instrumented to a standard size. Specimens were sterilized and then inoculated with E. faecalis, which were allowed to grow for two weeks to form an established biofilm. There were six treatment groups: 1) 6% NaOCl; 2) 1.5% NaOCl; 3) 16μg/mL ozonated water; 4) 25μg/mL ozonated water; 5) 50μg/mL ozonated water, and 6) saline. Following treatment, samples were collected, plated, and incubated for two days. The number of CFU/mL were determined, and samples visualized using confocal imaging. The effect of treatment group on bacterial counts was made using one-way ANOVA followed by pair-wise comparisons. Null Hypothesis: Endodontically treated teeth irrigated with ozonated water will not demonstrate a statistically significant decrease in the E. faecalis biofilm compared to those treated with sodium hypochlorite Results: CFUs were converted to log10 and compared using Fisher's Exact tests or one-way ANOVA followed by pair-wise tests. In all observations utilizing NaOCl irrigation, no colonies formed following treatment. The two NaOCl groups, with 0 CFU/mL, were significantly different than the other four groups (p=0.009). Saline showed a trend towards higher CFU/mL than 50 μg/ml O3 (p=0.068). None of the other comparisons approached statistical significance (p=0.453 25 μg/ml O3, p=0.606 16 μg/ml O3, p=0.999 25 μg/ml O3 vs 50 μg/ml O3, p=0.990 16 μg/ml O3 vs 50 μg/ml O3, p=1.000 16 μg/ml O3 vs 25 μg/ml O3). Confocal imaging helped illustrate effects of irrigation and confirm CFU findings. Conclusion: The results of this study failed to reject the null hypothesis. There was a statistically significant difference in the E. faecalis biofilm remaining in the groups treated with ozonated water compared to those treated with NaOCl. However, there was a trend towards higher CFU/mL in the saline group compared to the 50μg/mL ozonated water group. According to this finding, future studies should evaluate the effects of higher concentrations of ozonated water against an established E. faecalis biofilm. In addition, other follow-up studies might include ozonated water's effect on human cells, such as the stem cells of the apical papilla that are so critical to the success of regenerative endodontic procedures. Due to university and laboratory closures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, this project was stopped short and an insufficient sample size did not allow for proper statistical power. Additional occasions should be run upon the university's re-opening to allow for proper statistical power.
Download or read book Shaping for Cleaning the Root Canals written by Gustavo De Deus and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-25 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides clinicians with up-to-date, scientifically based guidance on the most important stages of endodontic treatment, i.e., cleaning and shaping of the root canal space, including mechanical preparation and chemical disinfection. Five internationally recognized experts present and discuss recent developments and new perspectives in the field. Important advances in root canal preparation and irrigation procedures are described with the aid of numerous high-quality illustrations. A key feature of the book is the detailed attention devoted to the latest research findings and to their impact on contemporary evidence-based clinical guidelines and modern clinical practice. On this basis, simple treatment protocols are proposed that take the anatomy of the root canals fully into account. In addition, emerging problems and trends are considered. The book will be an excellent resource for clinicians and advanced practitioners who are seeking to update their practice.
