Download or read book The Report Mongolia 2013 written by and published by Oxford Business Group. This book was released on with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mongolia written by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2013 Article IV Consultation highlights economic developments and policies of Mongolia between 2003 and 2013. The resulting balance-of-payments (BOP) pressures have been compounded by negative shocks to foreign direct investment (FDI) and coal exports. The IMF report analyzes that various banking sector vulnerabilities and weaknesses in the business climate need to be addressed to steady the progress of the economy. Launch of new investment law is important to be introduced by the government to improve the business climate and encourage FDI inflows.
Download or read book The Report Mongolia 2014 written by Oxford Business Group and published by Oxford Business Group. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the country’s transition from communism two decades ago, the Mongolian economy has experienced rapid liberalisation. Sectors including ICT and insurance are expanding quickly and, while the mining sector has been responsible for making Mongolia a rising star in the global economy, there is great potential for further growth in all economic sectors. Politically stable and rich with natural resources, Mongolia has emerged as a bellwether for investor confidence in recent years. The 2013 commercialisation of the Oyu Tolgoi gold and copper mine is helping to diversify Mongolia’s mineral exports away from coal, while the government is working to improve the investment environment by adopting the new Investment Law, among other measures. Challenges do exist, however, from the long harsh winters that slow construction to the difficulty of connecting the sparsely populated nation through ICT and transport systems. In response, the government has partnered with the private sector on a number of fronts in order to promote economic diversification and competitiveness.
Download or read book World Development Report 2017 written by World Bank Group and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-01-23 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are carefully designed, sensible policies too often not adopted or implemented? When they are, why do they often fail to generate development outcomes such as security, growth, and equity? And why do some bad policies endure? World Development Report 2017: Governance and the Law addresses these fundamental questions, which are at the heart of development. Policy making and policy implementation do not occur in a vacuum. Rather, they take place in complex political and social settings, in which individuals and groups with unequal power interact within changing rules as they pursue conflicting interests. The process of these interactions is what this Report calls governance, and the space in which these interactions take place, the policy arena. The capacity of actors to commit and their willingness to cooperate and coordinate to achieve socially desirable goals are what matter for effectiveness. However, who bargains, who is excluded, and what barriers block entry to the policy arena determine the selection and implementation of policies and, consequently, their impact on development outcomes. Exclusion, capture, and clientelism are manifestations of power asymmetries that lead to failures to achieve security, growth, and equity. The distribution of power in society is partly determined by history. Yet, there is room for positive change. This Report reveals that governance can mitigate, even overcome, power asymmetries to bring about more effective policy interventions that achieve sustainable improvements in security, growth, and equity. This happens by shifting the incentives of those with power, reshaping their preferences in favor of good outcomes, and taking into account the interests of previously excluded participants. These changes can come about through bargains among elites and greater citizen engagement, as well as by international actors supporting rules that strengthen coalitions for reform.
Download or read book Transnational Law and State Transformation written by Jennifer Lander and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-07 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contributes new theoretical insight and in-depth empirical analysis about the relationship between transnational legality, state change and the globalisation of markets. The role of transnational economic law in influencing and reorganising national systems of governance evidences the constitutional dimensions of global capitalism: the power to institute new rules and limits for national states. This form of new constitutionalism does not undermine the state but transforms it by eroding national capacities and implanting global alternatives. While leading scholars in the field have emphasised the much-needed value of case studies, there are no studies available which consider the cumulative impact of multiple axes of transnational legal ordering on the national state or its constitution. This monograph addresses this empirical gap, whilst expanding the theoretical scope of the field. Mongolia’s recent transformation as a mineral-exporting country provides a rare opportunity to witness economic and legal globalisation in process. Based on careful empirical analysis of national law and policy-making, the book traces the way distinctive processes of transnational legal ordering have reorganised and reframed the governance of Mongolia’s mining sector, specifically by redistributing state power in relation to the market, sub-national administrations and civil society. The book investigates the role of international financial institutions, multinational corporations and non-governmental organisations in normative transmission, as well as the critical role of national actors in embedding transnational investment norms within the domestic legal and policy environment. As the book demonstrates, however, the constitutional ramifications of transnational legal ordering extend beyond the mining regime itself into more fundamental questions of the trajectory of state transformation, institutionally and ideologically. The book will be of interest to scholars of international law, global governance and the political economy of development.
Download or read book Mongolia s Economic Prospects written by Matthias Helble and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-06-01 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication examines Mongolia’s recent economic development and outlines reforms that would help the country take advantage of its many opportunities. Mongolia is rich in natural resources and, although landlocked, is well-placed to boost trade with its two giant neighbors. The country needs to diversify its economy beyond mining, enhance economic stability, and increase employment. To maximize Mongolia’s potential the government can improve macroeconomic management, enhance the skill base, and provide hard and soft infrastructure to promote trade and efficient logistics. Governance and institutional reforms are also crucial. The government will need to continue to drive reforms so that they are well implemented and deliver the intended change.
Download or read book From Natural Resource Boom to Sustainable Economic Growth written by Pranav Gupta and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some resource-rich developing countries are in the process of harnessing immense mining resources towards inclusive growth and prosperity. Nevertheless, tapping into natural resources could be challenging given the large front-loaded investment, volatile capital flows and exposure to global commodity markets. Public investment is needed to remove the often-large infrastructure gap and unlock the economic potential. However, too rapid fiscal outlays could push the economy to its limit of absorptive capacity and increase macro-financial vulnerabilities. This paper utilizes a structural model-based approach to analyze macroeconomic impacts of different public investment strategies on key fiscal and non-fiscal variables such as debt, consumption, sovereign wealth fund, and real exchange rates. We apply the model to Mongolia and draw policy recommendations from the analysis. We find that fiscal policy adjustment, particularly moderating infrastructure investment and optimizing investment efficiency is needed to maintain macroeconomic and external stability, as well as to boost the long-term sustainable growth for Mongolia.
Download or read book Risking Capitalism written by Susanne Soederberg and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2016-10-28 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines diverse meanings and practices of risk management ranging from austerity to climate change to housing and debt. The authors investigate the relationship between shifts in contemporary capitalism and the ways in which neoliberal forms of risk management have emerged, been reproduced and normalized, and, transformed historically.
Download or read book Women s Lives around the World 4 volumes written by Susan M. Shaw and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2018-01-04 with total page 2425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing an in-depth look at the lives of women and girls in approximately 150 countries, this multivolume reference set offers readers transnational and postcolonial analysis of the many issues that are critical to the success of women and girls. For millennia, women around the world have shouldered the responsibility of caring for their families. But in recent decades, women have emerged as a major part of the global workforce, balancing careers and family life. How did this change happen? And how are societies in developing countries responding and adapting to women's newer roles in society? This four-volume encyclopedia examines the lives of women around the world, with coverage that includes the education of girls and teens; the key roles women play in their families, careers, religions, and cultures; how issues for women intersect with colonialism, transnationalism, feminism, and established norms of power and control. Organized geographically, each volume presents detailed entries about the lives of women in particular countries. Additionally, each volume offers sidebars that spotlight topics related to women and girls in specific regions or focus on individual women's lives and contributions. Primary source documents include sections of countries' constitutions that are relevant to women and girls, United Nations resolutions and national resolutions regarding women and girls, and religious statements and proclamations about women and girls. The organization of the set enables readers to take an in-depth look at individual countries as well as to make comparisons across countries.
Download or read book Gender and Identity around the World 2 volumes written by Chuck Stewart and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2020-11-09 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an indispensable resource for high school and college students interested in the history and current status of gender identity formation and maintenance and how it impacts LGBTQ rights throughout the world. Gender and Identity around the World explores a variety of gender and LGBTQ experiences and issues in countries from all the world's regions. Guided by more than 50 recognized academic experts, readers will examine how gender and LGBTQ identities are developed, fought for, perceived, and policed in countries as diverse as France, Brazil, Russia, Jordan, Iraq, and China. Each chapter opens with a general introduction to a country or group of countries and flows into a discussion of gender and identity in terms of culture, education, family life, health and wellness, law, work, and activism in that region of the world. A section on contemporary issues specific to the country or group of countries follows this discussion.
Download or read book Maternal Health Care Policies Technical Standards and Services Accessibility in Eight Countries in the Western Pacific Region written by WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2019-02-11 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Target 5A of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) was to reduce maternal deaths by 75% between 1990 and 2015. The Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group comprising the World Health Organization (WHO) the United Nations Children?s Fund (UNICEF) the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) the World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division assessed the 95 countries with an MMR higher than 100 in 1990. The report notes Cambodia the Lao People?s Democratic Republic and Mongolia have achieved this target in the Western Pacific Region. However maternal mortality remains higher than the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target in five countries in the Region. WHO has developed evidence-based maternal health recommendations for reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. This review compares national guidelines and protocols implementation and health system standards to WHO recommendations for eight countries that account for 96% of maternal deaths in the Western Pacific Region.
Download or read book Demand in the Desert written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mongolia's mining-based economic development and the sustainability of its urban economies depend on both water and energy. The examination of the water energy nexus in two river basins in Mongolia shows that water availability is the binding constraint as energy facilities, mining operations, agriculture, and urban water users compete for scarce water resources. Development of new technologies for efficient water and energy use, introduction of renewable energy options, and water demand management through economic instruments are recommended. However, achieving greater water security requires integration of water resource considerations into energy and mining development decision making, while strengthening the capacity of newly formed river basin organizations.
Download or read book Minerals Yearbook 2013 Area Reports International Asia and the Pacific written by U. S. Government Printing Office and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Minerals Yearbook discusses the performance of the worldwide minerals and materials industries during year 2013 and provides background information to assist in interpreting that performance. These annual reviews are designed to provide timely statistical data on mineral commodities in various countries. This volume covers data from Asia and the Pacific. Each report includes sections on government policies and programs, environmental issues, trade and production data, industry structure and ownership, commodity sector developments, infrastructure, and a summary outlook. Audience: Government employees and contractors, as well as businesses and employees, all working in mineral-related trades, especially with interests in statistics about mineral commodities overseas, will find this resource invaluable. Check out our Minerals & Metals publications here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/science-technology/minerals-metals Other print volumes in the Minerals Yearbook series are available here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/science-technology/minerals-metals/minerals-yearbook
Download or read book Language Literacy and Social Change in Mongolia written by Phillip P. Marzluf and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language, Literacy, and Social Change in Mongolia is the first full-length treatment of literacy in Mongolian. Challenging readers’ assumptions about Central Asia and Mongolia, this book focuses on Mongolians’ experiences with reading and writing throughout the past 100 years. Literacy, as a powerful historical and social variable, shows readers how reading and writing have shaped the lives of Mongolians and, at the same time, how reading and writing have been transformed by historical, political, economic, and other social forces. Mongolian literacy serves as an especially rich area of inquiry because of the dramatic political, economic, and social changes that occurred in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. For the seventy years during which Mongolia was a part of the communist Soviet world, literacy played an important role in how Mongolians identified themselves, conceived of the past, and created a new social order. Literacy was also a part of the story of authoritarianism and state violence. It was used to express the authority of the communist Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party, control the pastoral population, and suppress non-socialist beliefs and practices. Mongolians’ reading and writing opportunities and resources were tightly controlled, and the language policy of replacing the traditional Mongolian script with the Cyrillic alphabet immediately followed the violent repression of Buddhist leaders, government officials, and intellectuals. Beginning with the 1990 Democratic Revolution, Mongolians have been thrust into free-market capitalism, privatization, globalization, and neoliberalism. In post-socialist Mongolia, literacy no longer serves as the center for Mongolian identity. Government subsidies to pastoral literacy resources have been slashed, and administrators now find themselves competing with other “developing countries” for educational funding. Due to the pressures caused by globalization, Mongolians have begun to talk about literacy and language in terms of crisis and anxiety. As global flows of English compete with new symbols from the distant past, Mongolians worry about the perceived lowering standards of Mongolian linguistic usage amid rapid economic changes. These worries also reveal themselves in official language policies and manifest themselves in the multiple languages and scripts that appear in the capital of Ulaanbaatar and other urban areas.
Download or read book The End of Poverty written by Jeffrey D. Sachs and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2006-02-28 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Book and man are brilliant, passionate, optimistic and impatient . . . Outstanding." —The Economist The landmark exploration of economic prosperity and how the world can escape from extreme poverty for the world's poorest citizens, from one of the world's most renowned economists Hailed by Time as one of the world's hundred most influential people, Jeffrey D. Sachs is renowned for his work around the globe advising economies in crisis. Now a classic of its genre, The End of Poverty distills more than thirty years of experience to offer a uniquely informed vision of the steps that can transform impoverished countries into prosperous ones. Marrying vivid storytelling with rigorous analysis, Sachs lays out a clear conceptual map of the world economy. Explaining his own work in Bolivia, Russia, India, China, and Africa, he offers an integrated set of solutions to the interwoven economic, political, environmental, and social problems that challenge the world's poorest countries. Ten years after its initial publication, The End of Poverty remains an indispensible and influential work. In this 10th anniversary edition, Sachs presents an extensive new foreword assessing the progress of the past decade, the work that remains to be done, and how each of us can help. He also looks ahead across the next fifteen years to 2030, the United Nations' target date for ending extreme poverty, offering new insights and recommendations.
Download or read book Uganda written by International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-10-06 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Technical Assistance Report discusses technical advice and recommendations given by the IMF mission to the authorities of Uganda regarding finalization of the rebased GDP estimates for dissemination. For the economic activity worksheets, the nominal and real growth rates, intermediate consumption/gross output ratios at current and constant prices, and implicit price deflators were checked. A number of adjustments were made to the methodology to improve the representativeness of the indicators and the weights of the composite price indices to ensure the resulting estimates are within expectations. There is considerable scope to improve the price deflators and constant price estimates. Technical Assistance to improve the expenditure estimates will be provided during 2015.
Download or read book Assessment of media development in Mongolia written by UNESCO Office Beijing and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-08 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
