Download or read book The Elasticity of Substitution Between Skilled and Unskilled Labor in Developing Countries A Directed Technical Change Perspective written by Mr. Alberto Behar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-08-11 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop a model of endogenous skill-biased technical change in developing countries. The endogenous response to a rise in skill supply counters the traditional substitution effect and dampens its role in reducing wage inequality. The model re-enforces consensus estimates of the elasticity of substitution between more/less educated workers by reconciling dispersed existing estimates. It also rationalizes estimates that were hitherto deemed implausible or model-inconsistent. We produce new estimates for developing countries with a novel global panel (finding values at or just above 2) and with Latin American data that facilitates analysis of dynamics (which reduce estimates to 1.7-1.8). We therefore shed new light on a parameter that is crucial for inequality, growth, and other key macroeconomic questions.
Download or read book Skills of the Unskilled written by Jacqueline Hagan and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2015-03-17 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Most labor and migration studies classify migrants with limited formal education or credentials as 'unskilled.' Despite the value of their work experiences and the substantial technical and interpersonal skills developed throughout their lives, their labor market contributions are often overlooked and their mobility pathways poorly understood. Skills of the Unskilled reports the findings of a five-year study that draws on binational research including interviews with 320 Mexican migrants and return migrants in North Carolina and Guanajuato, Mexico. The authors uncover their lifelong human capital and identify mobility pathways associated with the acquisition and transfer of skills across the migratory circuit, including reskilling, occupational mobility, job jumping, and entrepreneurship."--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book A Theory of Employment in Firms written by Josef Falkinger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a modern economy, production and competition require internal interaction of individuals in firms. The book provides a systematic treatment of the macroeconomic consequenses of this fact. For this purpose the concept of a two-stage monopolistic competition equilibrium is introduced into macroeconomic theory. Firms choose the capacity to organize internal interaction at stage 1 and compete at stage 2. The concept allows a rigorous analysis of the provision of work places and the economic determinants of the employable work force. The book explains why in the equilibrium of a market economy, even under flexible wages, no jobs may be provided for people who are employable from an efficiency point of view. The economic determinants of equilibrium employment covered by the analysis of the book are: New forms of work organization, changes in the skill structure of the labor force, market power of key factors for organization, expectations of investors and international capital movements.
Download or read book Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Labor Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publishes in-depth articles on labor subjects, current labor statistics, information about current labor contracts, and book reviews.
Download or read book The Stolper Samuelson Theorem written by Alan V. Deardorff and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collects the original Stolper-Samuelson article and most significant later contributions that interpret, extend, and test the basic result
Download or read book Differences and Changes in Wage Structures written by Richard B. Freeman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past two decades, wages of skilled workers in the United States rose while those of unskilled workers fell; less-educated young men in particular have suffered unprecedented losses in real earnings. These twelve original essays explore whether this trend is unique to the United States or is part of a general growth in inequality in advanced countries. Focusing on labor market institutions and the supply and demand forces that affect wages, the papers compare patterns of earnings inequality and pay differentials in the United States, Australia, Korea, Japan, Western Europe, and the changing economies of Eastern Europe. Cross-country studies examine issues such as managerial compensation, gender differences in earnings, and the relationship of pay to regional unemployment. From this rich store of data, the contributors attribute changes in relative wages and unemployment among countries both to differences in labor market institutions and training and education systems, and to long-term shifts in supply and demand for skilled workers. These shifts are driven in part by skill-biased technological change and the growing internationalization of advanced industrial economies.
Download or read book The Effects of Globalisation on Firm and Labour Performance written by Chin Hee Hahn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-30 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines driving factors and the effects of globalisation on economic development through firm and product-level data. The book is organised into four themes, i.e., productivity, innovation, wage and income gap, and within-firm reallocation of resources. The comprehensiveness and richness of firm and product-level data shed light upon the channels through which trade and investment affect firms’ competitiveness and unveil factors shaping firms’ heterogeneous responses towards globalisation. The book looks at Asian economies as well as Australia and how they have experienced substantial structural change and become more integrated into the global economy and will be a useful reference for those who are interested in learning more about the relationship between globalisation and firm performance. This book will appeal to policy makers and researchers interested in the impact of globalisation on firm performance.
Download or read book The Social Foundations of Industrial Power written by Marc Maurice and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1986 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social research, comparison, inherent differences in educational system, occupational structure, wage structure and labour relations in France and Germany, Federal Republic, refuting economic theories that societies develop similar industrial structures as they modernise - contrasts training systems, occupational qualifications and labour mobility of manual workers and nonmanual workers; examines work organization, career patterns, skills, management, wage determination, workers representation, trade unions, labour disputes. References, statistical tables.
Download or read book An Assessment of the Investment Climate in South Africa written by Vijaya Ramachandran and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-05-10 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most aspects of South Africa's investment climate the location-specific factors that shape opportunities and incentives for firms to invest productively, create jobs, and grow are favorable. The majority of large, registered firms believe that the legal system is able to protect their property rights. Infrastructure is reliable. Tax rates are relatively low. The burden of regulation is comparable to other middle-income countrries. Few firms pay bribes. And most firms have adequate access to credit. In many dimensions, South Africa has a good investment climate. Consistent with this, large South African firms are very productive. Labor productivity is far higher than in the most productive low-income countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and compares favorably with other middle-income countries such as Brazil, Lithuania, Malaysia, and Poland. And although labor productivity in South Africa is slightly lower than in the most productive cities in China, it is over three times higher than in China as a whole. So, why hasn't South Africa been growing faster? As this title explores, while the investment climate is generally favorable, some problems remain. Firms appear to be particularly concerned about four areas: difficulty hiring skilled and educated workers, rigid labor regulations, exchange rate instability, and crime. Using rigorous statistical information on these and related topics, the book aims to assist policy makers and private sector stakeholders in developing reforms that will improve firm performance and growth.
Download or read book Refugee Life Livelihood and Identity written by Dr. Maneesh P and published by OrangeBooks Publication. This book was released on 2024-03-22 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Refugee Life, Livelihood, and Identity" is an illuminating exploration into the intricate world of refugees, featuring fifteen compelling articles from esteemed authors in India and Morocco. This edited book delves into the multifaceted dimensions of the refugee journey, covering challenges of displacement and strategies for rebuilding lives. With diverse thematic sections on mental health, healthcare, livelihood opportunities, legal status and the intersectionality of identity, the book offers a comprehensive perspective on the complexities faced by refugees worldwide. Beyond its scholarly contributions, the collection aims to resonate with policymakers, practitioners, and the general public, fostering empathy and inspiring positive action. Join us in understanding, appreciating, and addressing the realities of refugee life through this thought-provoking compilation.
Download or read book Paul A Samuelson written by John Cunningham Wood and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2005 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Samuelson is a key figure in economic thinking. This gathers the essential assessments of this important economist, and provides an unparalleled insight into his lasting impact on economics.
Download or read book Trade Policy Inequality and Performance in Indian Manufacturing written by Kunal Sen and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2009 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the implications of trade reforms with reference to the 1991 reforms for India's manufacturing sector. The gradualist nature of the reform process, the move from a restrictive policy regime to an open one, and the unevenness of the reforms across sectors make the Indian economy a relevant context for understanding the welfare implications of trade reforms.
Download or read book Food Words written by Peter Jackson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-06-27 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food Words is a series of provocative essays on some of the most important keywords in the emergent field of food studies, focusing on current controversies and on-going debates. Words like 'choice' and 'convenience' are often used as explanatory terms in understanding consumer behavior but are clearly ideological in the way they reflect particular positions and serve specific interests, while words like 'taste' and 'value' are no less complex and contested. Inspired by Raymond Williams, Food Words traces the multiple meanings of each of our keywords, tracking nuances in different (academic, commercial and policy) contexts. Mapping the dynamic meanings of each term, the book moves forward from critical assessment to active intervention -- an attitude that is reflected in the lively, sometimes combative, style of the essays. Each essay is research-based and fully referenced but accessible to the general reader. With a foreword by eminent food scholar Warren Belasco, Professor of American Studies at the University of Maryland-Baltmore County, and written by an inter-disciplinary team associated with the CONANX research project (Consumer culture in an 'age of anxiety'), Food Words will be essential reading for food scholars across the arts, humanities and social sciences.
Download or read book Trends of School Costs written by Warren Randolph Burgess and published by New York, Department of Education, Russell Sage Foundation [1920]. This book was released on 1920 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modernization and the Working Class written by Carlos H. Waisman and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2015-01-30 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a fascinating inquiry into the factors that determine the acceptance or rejection of capitalism by the industrial working class. Combining classical social theory, historical evidence, and survey data, Waisman explores the relationship between the degree of modernization and the legitimacy of the capitalist social order. Propositions about the interaction between established elites and emerging working classes are illustrated with three typical cases: Disraelian Britain, Bismarckian Germany, and Peronist Argentina. From the contrasting theories of Marx and Bakunin, the author derives hypotheses concerning the position of the working class in the economy and the consequences this has for legitimacy. He finds that countries at middle levels of industrial development—mostly latecomers to industrialization in Southern Europe and advanced areas of Latin America—have the greatest difficulty in establishing capitalism as a legitimate social order. They are advanced enough to have a large working class, yet underdeveloped enough to have a dissatisfied one.
Download or read book Product Standards Exports and Employment written by Rajat Acharyya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through the process of globalization, the trade dependence and int- dependence of the developing countries have increased phenomenally than ever before. The characteristic of this late twentieth-century globalization process has been the new technological revolution that has led to a high rate of world exports of electronics and other high-technology products. This has marginalized most of the developing countries exporting largely the low quality and low value-addition manufacturing and primary products, barring a few exceptions like China, India and Mexico. The fruits of globalization have, therefore, been unevenly distributed so far across the developed and the developing countries. Moreover, whatever little growth in exports of medium technology products has been achieved by a few of them, is largely driven by outsourcing of low value-addition and low- stage of activities by the foreign multinationals. Outsourcing of software services, rather than development of software packages, in India and assembly line for automobiles in Mexico are the two glaring examples. These activities may have boosted the total exports of these countries, but they have failed to generate any feedback effect on the rest of the economy in terms of skill formation, increase in overall productivity level and product diversification.
