Download or read book Discovering the Brain written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
Download or read book The Memory System of the Brain written by J Delacour and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994-04-22 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to describe the memory system of the brain, taking into account all the levels of neural organization: molecule, cell, small network, and anatomical circuit. This synthetic approach is necessary for determining the real mechanisms among the potential ones, that is the neural bases of learning and memory in intact organisms functioning under normal conditions. For this purpose, data from molecular, cellular and behavioral neurobiology, neuropsychology, animal and human psychology, and neural modellization are comprehensively reviewed by leading specialists and brought together in an original synthesis. Contents:Introduction: The Memory System of the Brain (J Delacour)Physiological Integration of the Declarative Memory System (E Halgren)Context Effects in Learning and Memory: Human and Animal Perspectives (T Archer & L-G Nilsson)Hippocampal Function and Relational Processing (E A Phelps et al.)Amnesia Following Limited Thalamic Lesions (M Rousseaux)Molecular Devices in Neuronal Learning Machines (Y Dudai)Central Cholinergic Systems, Learning and Memory (R Jaffard & J Micheau)Long-Term Potentiation and Depression in Visual Cortex: Functional Significance and Molecular Basis (T Tsumoto)Mechanisms of Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation (L L Voronin)Learning-Induced Receptive Field Plasticity in the Auditory Cortex: Specificity of Information Storage (N M Weinberger et al.)Hemispheric Distribution of Memory Traces (R W Doty & J L Ringo)A Mosaic-Cycle Approach to Neural Computation (P Ruján)and other papers Readership: Neurobiologists, neurologists, psychologists, researchers in medicine and artificial intelligence. keywords:Eclarative Memory;Hippocampus;Thalamus;Amnesia;Long-Term Potentiation: Cell Assembly;Brain Model;Conditioning;Long-Term Depression
Download or read book The Memory System of the Brain written by J. Z. Young and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2022-08-19 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1966.
Download or read book The Memory System of the Brain written by John Zachary Young and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1986-04-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author describes the structure and function of the human brain as it pertains to memory.
Download or read book The Memory System of the Brain written by John Zachary Young and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Evolution of Memory Systems written by Elisabeth A. Murray and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current theories about human memory have been shaped by clinical observations and animal experiments. This doctrine holds that the medial temporal lobe subserves one memory system for explicit or declarative memories, while the basal ganglia subserves a separate memory system for implicit or procedural memories, including habits. Cortical areas outside the medial temporal lobe are said to function in perception, motor control, attention, or other aspects of executive function, but not in memory. 'The Evolution of Memory Systems' advances dramatically different ideas on all counts. It proposes that several memory systems arose during evolution and that they did so for the same general reason: to transcend problems and exploit opportunities encountered by specific ancestors at particular times and places in the distant past. Instead of classifying cortical areas in terms of mutually exclusive perception, executive, or memory functions, the authors show that all cortical areas contribute to memory and that they do so in their own ways-using specialized neural representations. The book also presents a proposal on the evolution of explicit memory. According to this idea, explicit (declarative) memory depends on interactions between a phylogenetically ancient navigation system and a representational system that evolved in humans to represent one's self and others. As a result, people embed representations of themselves into the events they experience and the facts they learn, which leads to the perception of participating in events and knowing facts. 'The Evolution of Memory Systems' is an important new work for students and researchers in neuroscience, psychology, and biology.
Download or read book Memory Makes The Brain The Biological Machinery That Uses Experiences To Shape Individual Brains written by Christian Hansel and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of the young brain after birth and the emergence of cognitive capacities, mind, and individuality rest on the maturation of a dense net of synaptic connections between neurons. Memory Makes the Brain describes the dramatic, competitive elimination of surplus synapses that occur in the young, maturing brain — in a process called synaptic pruning that was discovered by pediatric neurologist Peter Huttenlocher in the 1970's at the University of Chicago. Explaining similarities between developmental pruning and learning processes in the adult brain, neurobiologist Christian Hansel offers a unique perspective on brain adaptation and plasticity throughout lifetime, at times weaving in personal accounts and memories. The cellular plasticity machinery that enables learning is known to be affected in brain developmental disorders such as autism. Memory Makes the Brain explains how both maturation and adult synaptic plasticity are deregulated in autism, and how we begin to trace back autism-typical behavioral abnormalities to such synaptopathies.
Download or read book From Conditioning to Conscious Recollection written by Howard Eichenbaum and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-11-18 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This cutting-edge book offers a theoretical account of the evolution of multiple memory systems of the brain. The authors conceptualize these memory systems from both behavioral and neurobiological perspectives, guided by three related principles. First, that our understanding of a wide range of memory phenomena can be advanced by breaking down memory into multiple forms with different operating characteristics. Second, that different forms of memory representation are supported by distinct brain pathways with circuitry and neural coding properties. Third, that the contributions of different brain systems can be compared and contrasted by distinguishing between dedicated (or specific) and elaborate (or general) memory systems. A primary goal of this work is to relate the neurobiological properties of dedicated and elaborate systems to their neuropsychological counterparts, and in so doing, account for the phenomenology of memory, from conditioning to conscious recollection.
Download or read book Borges and Memory written by Rodrigo Quian Quiroga and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A scientist's exploration of the working of memory begins with a story by Borges about a man who could not forget. Imagine the astonishment felt by neuroscientist Rodrigo Quian Quiroga when he found a fantastically precise interpretation of his research findings in a story written by the great Argentinian fabulist Jorge Luis Borges fifty years earlier. Quian Quiroga studies the workings of the brain—in particular how memory works—one of the most complex and elusive mysteries of science. He and his fellow neuroscientists have at their disposal sophisticated imaging equipment and access to information not available just twenty years ago. And yet Borges seemed to have imagined the gist of Quian Quiroga's discoveries decades before he made them. The title character of Borges's "Funes the Memorious" remembers everything in excruciatingly particular detail but is unable to grasp abstract ideas. Quian Quiroga found neurons in the human brain that respond to abstract concepts but ignore particular details, and, spurred by the way Borges imagined the consequences of remembering every detail but being incapable of abstraction, he began a search for the origins of Funes. Borges's widow, María Kodama, gave him access to her husband's personal library, and Borges's books led Quian Quiroga to reread earlier thinkers in philosophy and psychology. He found that just as Borges had perhaps dreamed the results of Quian Quiroga's discoveries, other thinkers—William James, Gustav Spiller, John Stuart Mill—had perhaps also dreamed a story like "Funes." With Borges and Memory, Quian Quiroga has given us a fascinating and accessible story about the workings of the brain that the great creator of Funes would appreciate.
Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniq
Download or read book Learning and Memory written by Marilee Sprenger and published by ASCD. This book was released on 1999 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain research is much in the news, but what is its relevance in the classroom? Are there ways to take what brain researchers are discovering about learning and memory and apply it to the situations that educators face every day? Practicing teacher and author Marilee Sprenger tells how to do just that in this book. Sprenger has spent years studying neurological research and training other educators in brain compatible teaching methods. This background, combined with her long career as a classroom teacher, has given her priceless knowledge of what works in a multitude of classroom situations. Current brain research is as amazing as it can be confusing. This book discusses in plain terms the structure, function, and development of the human brain. The author describes the five "memory lanes"--semantic, episodic, procedural, automatic, and emotional--and tells how they function in learning and memory. She offers dozens of practical suggestions for teaching and assessing in brain-compatible ways. Bridging the gap between theory and practice, the book offers valid, usable, "What you can do on Monday" ideas to incorporate into the classroom. This is an approach to brain research that educators at all levels can apply in their daily work.
Download or read book Science of Memory written by Henry L. Roediger III and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-26 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists currently study memory from many different perspectives: neurobiological, ethological, animal conditioning, cognitive, behavioral neuroscience, social, and cultural. The aim of this book is to help initiate a new science of memory by bringing these perspectives together to create a unified understanding of the topic. The book began with a conference where leading practitioners from all these major approaches met to analyze and discuss 16 concepts that are crucial to our understanding of memory. Each of these 16 concepts is addressed in a section of the book, and in the 66 succinct chapters that fill these sections, a leading researcher addresses the section's concept by clearly stating his or her position on it, elucidating how it is used, and discussing how it should be used in future research. For some concepts, there is general agreement among practitioners from different fields and levels of analysis, but for others there is general disagreement and much controversy. A final chapter in each section, also written by a leading researcher, integrates the various viewpoints offered on the section's concept, then draws conclusions about the concept. This groundbreaking volume will be an indispensable reference for all the students and researchers who will build upon the foundation it provides for the new science of memory.
Download or read book Essentials of Human Memory Classic Edition written by Alan Baddeley and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Classic Edition of the best-selling textbook offers an in-depth overview of approaches to the study of memory. With empirical research from both the real world and the neuropsychological clinic, the book explains the fundamental workings of human memory in a clear and accessible style. This edition contains a new introduction and concluding chapter in which the author reflects on how the book is organized, and also on how the field of memory has developed since it was first published. Essentials of Human Memory evolved from a belief that, although the amount we know about memory has increased enormously in recent years, it is still possible to explain it in a way that would be fully understood by the general reader. After a broad overview of approaches to the study of memory, short-term and working memory are discussed, followed by learning, the role of organizing in remembering and factors influencing forgetting, including emotional variables and claims for the role of repression in what has become known as the false memory syndrome. The way in which knowledge of the world is stored is discussed next, followed by an account of the processes underlying retrieval, and their application to the practical issues of eyewitness testimony. The breakdown of memory in the amnesic syndrome is discussed next, followed by discussion of the way in which memory develops in children, and declines in the elderly. After a section concerned with mnemonic techniques and memory improvement, the book ends with an overview of recent developments in the field of human memory. Written by the leading expert in human memory, recently awarded the British Psychological Society Research Board Lifetime Achievement Award, Essentials of Human Memory will be of interest to students of Cognitive Psychology, Neuropsychology, and anyone with an interest in the workings of memory.
Download or read book From Conditioning to Conscious Recollection written by Howard Eichenbaum and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-11-18 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This cutting-edge book offers a theoretical account of the evolution of multiple memory systems of the brain. The authors conceptualize these memory systems from both behavioral and neurobiological perspectives, guided by three related principles. First, that our understanding of a wide range of memory phenomena can be advanced by breaking down memory into multiple forms with different operating characteristics. Second, that different forms of memory representation are supported by distinct brain pathways with circuitry and neural coding properties. Third, that the contributions of different brain systems can be compared and contrasted by distinguishing between dedicated (or specific) and elaborate (or general) memory systems. A primary goal of this work is to relate the neurobiological properties of dedicated and elaborate systems to their neuropsychological counterparts, and in so doing, account for the phenomenology of memory, from conditioning to conscious recollection.
Download or read book Memory and Brain written by San Diego Larry R. Squire Professor of Psychiatry University of California and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1987-03-05 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a leading neuropsychologist, this book brings together the widely scattered psychological and neurobiological work on memory to create a definitive overview of current knowledge. Reflecting the many levels of analysis at which this work is taking place, the book proceeds from the synapse to a review of the function and structure of neural systems and the organization of cognition. Throughout, the author places current research in historical perspective, and identifies major ideas and themes that have emerged in recent years in order to provide a solid foundation for future investigations. The book is amply illustrated and contains a useful glossary. It will be of use in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses on memory, and to psychologists and neuroscientists desiring an account of memory that is informed equally by cognitive and neurobiological insights.
Download or read book Brain Organization and Memory written by James L. McGaugh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1992-06-25 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume summarizes recent findings of leading researchers investigating the brain systems that underlie memory. The book reviews recent progress in understanding forms of memory in animals and humans and the interaction of cortical and subcortical systems in the regulation of memory. Special emphasis is given to the development of neural network models that attempt to link cells to systems in the representation of memory. The book will be an invaluable source for cognitive psychologists, neuroscientists, and students interested in this active and exciting area of research.
Download or read book Memory Systems of the Brain written by Norman M. Weinberger and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 1985-10-11 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
