Download or read book The Influence of Self efficacy and Spirituality on Self care Behaviors and Glycemic Control in Older African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes written by Henrietta H. Hanna and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Impact of Social Support Self efficacy and Outcome Expectations on Self care Behaviors and Glycemic Control in Caucasian and African American Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus written by Diane Orr Chlebowy and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Caucasians and African-Americans with type 2 diabetes continue to experience preventable diabetes-related life-threatening complications despite medical advances and health care availability. African-Americans are more likely to suffer from diabetes-related complications and experience a higher diabetes-related mortality rate than Caucasians. There is a definite need to better understand the relationship of psychosocial variables to diabetes control in these two racial groups. The purpose of this two-group, comparative, descriptive study was to examine the relationships of social support, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations (beliefs that diabetes-related behaviors will lead to certain outcomes) to self-care behaviors and glycemic control in Caucasian and African-American adults with type 2 diabetes. A convenience sample of 91 Caucasian and African-American subjects receiving health care at three outpatient facilities participated in the study. All subjects completed four self-report measures: Social Support Questionnaire, Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Outcome Expectancy Questionnaire, and the Diabetes Activities Questionnaire at the time of the outpatient visit. Long-term glycemic control was assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin analyses at the time of the outpatient visit. Two-sample t-tests revealed no significant differences between the two racial groups in regards to age (p = .81), duration of diabetes (p = .69), and glycosylated hemoglobin (p = .85). Chi-square analyses revealed two significant differences between the two racial groups with regard to sex (p = .04) and marital status (p

Download or read book The Relationship of Self efficacy Socioeconomic Status and Spirituality on Glycemic Control in Black Americans with Type II Diabetes Mellitus written by Jacqueline J. Bradley and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Diabetes Related Knowledge Among Middle Aged African American Women in North Texas written by Dr. Victor Akhidenor and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2019-10-09 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is rooted from the idea that Blacks/African American women are more susceptible to suffering from Type-II diabetes; and are unable to manage the disease effectively. My study was to explore why Blacks/African American women are not able to manage the disease compared to other demography. Prior research had indicated that Blacks/African American women are disproportionately affected by diabetes and have a higher incident of diabetes related complications. In the course of my investigation, I discovered that this population are denied access to affordable quality healthcare services and Medicaid insurance. During the studies, data were collected from among the demographic groups from churches, clinics, public libraries, city halls and other public places. Over one hundred and twenty participants responded to the survey questionnaire on Survey Monkey platform. The relationship between self-care efficacy and self-care knowledge, self-care efficacy and self-care management, self-care knowledge and self-care management were tested. The result indicated a moderate correlation, but statistically significantly relationship among the variable.

Download or read book Environmental Barriers Self efficacy and the Direct and Indirect Effects of Diabetes specific Cultural Beliefs on Health Status in a Community Sample of Diabetic Patients written by Lise Flores and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents a daunting self-management challenge due to its complicated daily treatment regimen which includes adhering to diet, exercise, and medication recommendations. Little research has evaluated perceived barriers to diabetes self-care in a group that is at particular risk for diabetic complications: U.S. Latinos. This study had two aims. The first was to provide evidence that experimental and validated self-report instruments selected for this study functioned in a comparable manner in both Spanish and English in a sample of low income, predominantly Spanish-speaking diabetic patients (n = 77). The second aim was to examine hypothesized relationships of selected predictors to two criterion variables measuring health status (i.e., glycosylated hemoglobin A1c and Diabetes Impact) using a method described by Baron & Kenny (1986). Predictors included age, education, and income as covariates, and perceived environmental barriers to self-care, self-efficacy for treatment adherence, fatalistic beliefs (external health locus of control), and Latino cultural diabetes beliefs. Potential moderator and mediator variables of the relationship between perceived barriers to self care and criterion variables included self-efficacy for treatment adherence, fatalistic beliefs and Latino cultural diabetes beliefs. Scales used in this study had coefficient alpha values ranging from .82-.96 in Spanish and .74-.97 in English and also demonstrated strong factor structure integrity. Bivariate correlations indicated that higher scores on perceived barriers to self-care were significantly related to lower self-efficacy scores [r = −.34, p

Download or read book Environmental Influences on Adherence to Self management Behaviors and Glycemic Control in African American Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus written by Brooke L. Barbera and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of a Diabetes Self management Program for African Americans in a Faith based Setting written by Pandora Goode and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Diabetes is a lifelong chronic disease that requires daily management. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness, kidney failure, and non-traumatic lower limb amputations. African Americans are more likely to suffer from diabetes related complications than any other race. The purpose of this study was to test a six-week culturally tailored diabetes self-management program for African Americans. The diabetes self-management intervention was conceptualized as the foundation that supported the changes in diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, symptom management, and self-management activities. Thus, the specific aim of this study was to increase knowledge about diabetes, self-efficacy, symptom management, and self-management activities in African American adults diagnosed with diabetes. A one-group pre- and post-test was the design used in this study. The six-week intervention focused on areas of diabetes self-management based on the American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines: (a) introduction to diabetes, (b) healthy eating, (c) being active, (d), medications, (e) glucose monitoring and complications, and (f) symptom management. An African American nurse led the intervention. Adult African Americans with diabetes who were age 18 years old and older were recruited from two predominantly black churches in the south-eastern part of the United States. Sessions were held at each church directly after the morning and evening worship services. A total of 32 participants were recruited and 28 participants completed the six-week program. Health history and biomarkers (BMI, HBA1C) were measured at baseline. The major concepts were measured at baseline and post intervention using the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy Diabetes (SKILLD) scale, Diabetes Empower Scale- Short Form (DES-SF), Diabetes Symptom Checklist- Revised (DSC-r) scale, and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale. At baseline, many person had low diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, symptom management, and diabetes self-management activities. Findings revealed statistically significant positive improvements in diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, symptoms management, and diabetes self-management activities from pre-intervention to post- intervention. Study participants gained an awareness of the need or diabetes self-management education. Designing and implementing culturally tailored diabetes self-management programs in faith-based settings are practical and necessary to reduce the disparity in diabetes for African Americans. More diabetes self-management studies are needed that target, recruit, and retain an adequate representation of African Americans. Also, more research is needed regarding African American cultures and learning styles so that programs can modify learning objectives to meet their needs."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.

Download or read book The Relationship Between Self efficacy and Self care of Diabetes Among African American Women Aged 55 Years and Older with a Self reported Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes written by Kelley Nalana Miller and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Self efficacy Self care and Glycemic Control in Saudi Arabian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus written by Saad Ahmad and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Title:Self-efficacy, self-care and glycemic control in Saudi Arabian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Ahmad MJ. Saad, MSc 1, Zeina MH. Younes, MSc1, Hafez Ahmad, PhD 2, Jason A Brown PhD 3 , Rafat M. Al Owesie MD 3, Ahmed AK. Hassoun MD 11Dubai Diabetes Center, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE2Dubai Medical College, Dubai, UAE 3Sultan Bin AbdulAziz Humanitarian City, Riyadh, KSA Introduction:-Diabetes self-management (DSM) is a very challenging task and demands the involvement and contribution of multiple treatment areas. Diabetes self-management adopts healthy lifestyle behaviors, which have an effect on glycemic control for patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is a disease that requires change in behavior, and behavioral changes are affected by several factors. One of the crucial factors in attaining behavioral goals is self-efficacy; defined as the individual's beliefs about personal capabilities to perform specific behaviors that are necessary to achieve their goals. Diabetes management self-efficacy, therefore, refers to the patient's confidence in his/her ability to perform several of the DSM behaviors; and improving DSM is an ongoing challenge for health care teams globally, including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). As a result, identifying DSM behaviors and diabetes management self-efficacy and examining their effects on glycemic control, as well as identifying which areas of diabetes management self-efficacy and DSM behaviors patients need additional support in, can assist health care teams in achieving better diabetes control.Aim:To determine the prevalence of diabetes self-care activities among patients with type 2 diabetes and to examine the association between socio-demographic and clinical parameters, diabetes self-care activities, and glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:A cross sectional study was conducted among 123 patients with diabetes at the Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City (SBAHC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In order to be included in the study, patients must have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, they had to be 25 years of age and above, mentally competent, and able to communicate verbally and provide informed consent. Patients with type 1 diabetes, pregnant women, patients experiencing cognitive impairment and any patient who did not agree to participate in the study were excluded. Interviews took place in the visit room individually and lasted approximately 15 minutes. Subjectu2019s verbal and written consent was obtained.The data were collected via medical records and a face-to-face interview was undertaken with consecutive patients attending SBAHC. During the interview, the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMSES) and the revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Scale (SDSCA) questionnaires were completed for each participant. A regression model was used to examine the variables that predicted glycemic control. Moreover, a regression analysis examining the effect of each self-efficacy subscale on its respective diabetes self -management (DSM) behavior was carried out.Result:The most frequently reported DSM behaviors were foot care (mean u00b1 SD = 4.4 u00b11.83, median = 4.5) followed by medication taking self-management behavior (mean u00b1 SD= 4.15 u00b11.68, median = 3.5). The least frequently reported DSM behaviors were exercise self-management behavior and blood sugar testing behavior. Spearman regression analysis showed that self-efficacy was associated with higher levels of diet, exercise, blood sugar testing, and foot care self-management behaviors.Spearman regression analysis assessing the association between self-efficacy and self-management behavior in relation to the five listed parameters.Independent variablestRtAdjusted R2tP valueDiet t0.390t0.145t0.000Exercise t0.505t0.248t0.000Blood sugar testing and control t0.318t0.094t0.000Medical treatment t0.082t0.002t0.369Foot care t0.439t0.186t0.000 A final parsimonious regression model done including all of the statistically significant predictors from the subset analysis showed that diet self-management behaviors and oral hypoglycemic agents use were independent predictors of glycemic control HbA1c

Download or read book An Analysis of the Influence of Education Programming Type Scope of Diabetes Self management Education and Selected Demographics on Self efficacy Among Adult African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes written by Terri E. Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes mellitus significantly affects the health status of adults living in the United States. This is true particularly of African Americans who are disproportionately affected by this devastating chronic condition. As such, the purpose of this study was to analyze the type of education programming and the scope of diabetes self-management education (DSME) received, on the self-efficacy of adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Conducted among adults, particularly African Americans diagnosed with diabetes, this comparative analysis examined the influence of programming on self-efficacy among subjects who participated in educational enrichment provided by faith-based organizations (FBO) and their counterparts who received DSME in clinical care settings only. The Independent Sample T-test, Multiple Regression, and Pearson's Correlation were the statistical tests used to analyze data. Findings revealed a statistically significant difference in diabetes self-management education (DSME), including diet, physical activity, and glucose monitoring between the two groups. Further, age, income, and participation in an FBO program explained 33% of the variance in the final regression model. Finally, data analyses revealed that there was a positive relationship (Pearson's correlation statistic r = 0.26) between diabetes self-management education and self-efficacy. Although analyses suggested participating in FBO programming did not influence self-efficacy, it was confirmed that subjects who participated in such enrichment did receive additional DSME. Based on these findings, it is recommended that medical providers, health educators, and public health professionals collaborate with the faith community to plan, implement and evaluate educational interventions to enhance self-efficacy through DSME.

Download or read book Satisfaction with Life and Biopsychosocial spiritual Health Among Underserved Patients with Diabetes written by Kenneth W. Phelps and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to escalate, especially among vulnerable and underserved populations (CDC, 2008); however, the current landscape of literature has not kept pace with the trends of those most affected. Available data have often pertained to nonunderserved groups and only address part of patients' physical, mental, social, or spiritual lives. The literature review and research articles included in this dissertation integrate available knowledge pertaining to the comprehensive experiences of underserved groups with type 2 diabetes and specifically the understudied concept of satisfaction with life (SWL) among African American and Hispanic minority groups. The first article presented is a literature review written to synthesize studies of underserved populations with type 2 diabetes, including individuals who were of a minority ethnic group, socioeconomically disadvantaged, elderly, uninsured, and/or of lower educational level. The objective of this review was to amalgamate current evidence for underserved groups using a biopsychosocial-spiritual framework (Engel, 1977; Hodgson, Lamson, & Reese, 2007; Wright, Watson, & Bell, 1996). Themes and gaps in knowledge from approximately 1995 to the present were identified. Fifty-one studies were reviewed and grouped into three themes pertaining to overall health and disease management, including: psychological influences; marital, familial, and environmental influences; and spiritual influences. Researchers documented a number of psychological, social, and spiritual variables influencing glycemic control. In particular, depression and relational conflict adversely influenced glycemic control in some cases, whereas availability of social support or spiritual resources frequently assisted in better disease management. Lack of demographic data and attention to diverse groups, as well as, incomplete empirical knowledge prompt the need for further research of the influences of disease management among underserved groups. Three recommendations are suggested: 1) further exploration of the relationship between psychosocial-spiritual influences on diabetes management for uniquely underserved groups; 2) investigation of demographic differences or similarities; and 3) development and use of clinical models incorporating a multidisciplinary, collaborative stance in addressing diabetes for vulnerable populations. The second article extends current literature and aims to meet a number of the above mentioned recommendations. This article is focused on two groups with noted health disparities, African American and Hispanic minorities with type 2 diabetes. It was written to examine associations found between biomedical markers of disease management and psychosocial constructs and assess the correlates and predictors of variability for SWL. Data were collected from 142 minority patients (65 African American and 77 Hispanic) during their first visit within a collaborative care program. Pearson product moment correlations, multiple linear regressions, and one-way analysis of variance were used to examine research questions in this descriptive, quantitative study. Only one weak, significant relationship was noted for BMI and somatization; otherwise, no noteworthy relationships were documented between psychosocial or spiritual constructs and biomedical markers of disease management (HbA1c and body mass index). Psychological distress, social support, and spirituality accounted for 63% of the variance in SWL for African American participants and 29% of the variance in SWL for Hispanic participants. Social support was the strongest predictor of SWL for African American participants, while psychological distress was the strongest predictor of SWL for Hispanic participants. Social support moderated the relationship between psychological distress and SWL for Hispanic participants, while social support did not moderate this relationship for African American participants. Spirituality did not moderate the relationship between psychological distress and SWL for either ethnic group. Clinicians and researchers who work with and study minority patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes may see improvement in patients' SWL when screening for and treating psychopathology, interpersonal strain, and existential struggles. Attention to ethnic variation in research and clinical practice is important since dissimilarity existed in the determinants of SWL and moderators of psychological distress and SWL.

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Predicting Treatment Success written by Emily DiNatale and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rural African American women have greater prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and poorer treatment outcomes compared to Caucasians. Some research suggests that self-efficacy, subjective norms, and locus of control (LOC) impact this population differently and may be linked to behavioral treatment outcomes. However, these relationships have not been directly examined. EMPOWER, a culturally-tailored T2DM intervention that utilizes community health workers (CHWs) to provide patient-centered care using a Small Changes Model (SCM), was developed as an innovative treatment approach for African American women. This study was designed to explore the best predictors of treatment success within the EMPOWER program and to determine whether self-efficacy, subjective norms, and LOC impact outcomes. Assessments utilized program results of two hundred middle aged (age=53.45±10.24) obese (BMI=37.67±8.02) African American women with poorly-controlled diabetes (HbA1c=9.09±1.83) enrolled in EMPOWER. Half (n=102) were randomly assigned to a phone-based EMPOWER group while half (n=98) were assigned to a mail-based didactic comparative group. Weight, HbA1c, medication adherence, self-care behaviors, self-efficacy, and depression were measured at 0, 6, and 12-months. At 12-month follow-up, subjective norms and LOC were measured. Repeated measures ANOVAs indicated that both groups had a reduction in weight F(1.82, 197)=4.15, p=0.020, [eta]2=0.021 but no changes in HbA1c. Independent samples t-tests revealed a significant difference in God LOC between the EMPOWER group (M=19.16, SD=8.20) and the Mail group (M=22.42, SD=7.48; t(143)=-2.49, p=0.014) and between participants who used insulin (M=21.86, SD=7.55) and those who do not (M=18.88, SD=8.21; t(139)=-2.18, p=0.031). Theoretically-based moderated-mediation models assessed self-efficacy and subjective norms as mediators and God and Internal LOC as moderators of outcomes. While no mediation interactions were found, models revealed that subjective norms significantly impacted self-care behavior change ([beta]=1.48, p=0.037). God LOC served as a moderator that enhanced this relationship ([beta]=0.078, p=0.013). Results suggest that subjective norms may play a more important role in diabetes management behavior change among African American women than previously understood. Further, God LOC was shown to be an important and complex treatment factor that likely relates to both internal and external LOC. These findings have important implications for future health behavior change programs for African American women.

Download or read book A Preliminary Study to Evaluate the Influence of Self efficacy Self care Knowledge of HbA1C and Medication Regimen Complexity on Tight Glycemic Control in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes written by Jill L. Davenport and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of this study was to examine if relationships existed between the following variables: knowledge of HbA1C, reported self-efficacy, reported self-care, and tight glycemic control. In addition, gender was examined in relationship to self-efficacy, and reported self-care. The study also examined if a relationship existed between the complexity of the medication regime used to manage diabetes and report self-care, reported self-efficacy and tight glycemic control. A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational design via self-report questionnaires was used. A convenience sample was purposefully identified and selected from individuals with type 2 diabetes referred for diabetes education sessions or current or past outpatient cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation participants identified as having type 2 diabetes. A total of 93 questionnaires were returned. The Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Scale (SES) Stanford Patient Education Research Center and the Self-Care Inventory-Revised were utilized. The study results revealed a correlation between knowledge of HbA1C and report level of self-efficacy (r = -.224, p = 0.004) and level of self-care (r = .217, p = 0.036). A correlation was also identified between gender and self-care score (r = .298, p = 0.004), with females reporting higher self-care, compared to males. There were no significant relationships between knowledge of HbA1C and tight glycemic control or between the complexity of the medication regimen to manage diabetes and reported levels of self-efficacy and self-care and tight glycemic control. Delaying or preventing health complications associated with diabetes can lead to improved quality of life and improved patient outcomes in patients with diabetes, as well as lower the financial burden associated with the complex care of these patients."--Page v.

Download or read book Exploring the Relationship Between Diabetes Distress Self efficacy and Glycemic Control in Persons with Type II Diabetes written by Helen R. Chung and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Persons with type II diabetes are faced with the challenging task of maintaining glycemic control by making significant lifestyle changes in the areas of nutrition, exercise, medication management, and glucose testing. Previous research has shown the significant role self-efficacy has on the implementation of self-care behaviors and as a result, on glycemic control. However, many persons with diabetes do not meet the diagnostic criteria for depression and may be experiencing more general psychosocial distress. Due to the multifaceted nature of the disease, persons with diabetes may experience diabetes distress related to the emotional burden that comes with diabetes management, physician-patient relationship, self-care tasks associated with diabetes management, and interpersonal relationships with support system. In this study, the relationship between diabetes-related distress, self-efficacy, and glycemic control were explored in persons with type II diabetes. Additional analysis was conducted to assess whether self-efficacy mediates the relationship between diabetes distress and glycemic control. The results of this study indicated that self-efficacy did not mediate the relationship between diabetes distress and glycemic control. However, diabetes distress was found to be significantly associated with self-efficacy and glycemic control.

Download or read book Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging written by Connie W. Bales and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-10-01 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compendium of detailed strategies for using nutritional interventions to ameliorate a host of age-related disorders and an evidence-based review of what intervention are and are not effective. These range from the effects of nutrition on the aging eye, the sense of taste and smell, hearing loss, sarcopenia, and dementia, to the clinical role of nutrition in vascular and pulmonary disorders, cancer, immunity, endocrine and alimentary tract disorders, and renal and musculoskeletal disorders. The authors present the physiological basis for each disorder, provide the latest information about the interaction of nutrition with each condition, and review the potential routes and mechanisms for clinical intervention. All clinical chapters conclude with a summary of practical applications and treatment guidelines for secondary prevention, management, and therapy.

Download or read book The Daily Self management of Diabetes Mellitus written by Billy Fred Small and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined the diabetic self-management behavior of low-income, uninsured study participants receiving treatment at the Greenville Free Medical Clinic located in Greenville, South Carolina. The study examined how individual self-perception, self-efficacy and self-empowerment influence the daily self-management of diabetes across different groups of diabetic adults. Aftican American men and women were compared to their non-African American counterparts for insight into why one group is statistically much more likely to mismanage the self-treatment of diabetes. The study's theoretical framework was based on the health belief model and the study design encompasses a purposive convenience type population (n=110) sampling method. The principal investigator analyzed all data collected to better understand how different groups of participants may differ in individual daily diabetic management regimens while focusing mainly on group differences in diabetic self-management, diabetic self-care and overall self-empowerment in African American men and women as compared to non-African American men and women. Keywords: health care disparities, Health Belief Model, diabetes education, behavior attrition