Download or read book The Effects of Integrating Women Into Previously All Male Air Force Units A Longitudinal Study of the Air Force Academy s Integration Process written by Lois B. DeFleur and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project is a continuation of the longitudinal study of sex-integration at the Air Force Academy. Extensive data files from male and female cadets have been developed and data is still being collected. A questionnaire was constructed which asked about problems of sex-integration attitudes toward career, marriage family as well as issues concerning masculine and feminine roles. An article was prepared and published in Youth and Society Dec. 1978. It discussed ambiguities, sex-linked differences and changes in cadet beliefs concerning squadron life, attitudes toward sex roles and interactions during six months of integration. Females did not believe they were accepted and males expressed more traditional orientations toward women's roles which affected their interaction with female cadets. The paper focused on career, marriage and family perceptions, and expectations. Data indicated that males preferred a traditional career, marriage and family, but about half were planning specifically for marriage and children and a limited Air Force Career. Others wanted to wait before marrying and planned on having dual-career marriages with carefully timed children and limited interruption of careers. (SDW).
Download or read book Integrating Women Into Previously All Male Air Force Units written by Lois B. DeFleur and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eight-five females and ninety males completed the six questionnaires which were administered at periodic intervals over a four year period to a matched sample (for academic and military backgrounds) of male and female cadets chosen from the first integrated class at the Air Force Academy. These data suggests that (1) socio-demographic backgrounds of female entering students differ from males to a larger degree at the Academy than at West Point, (2) belief systems of both male and female students change over time, however, the difference in belief systems between the sexes remain over time, (3) both sexes are strongly career oriented but female cadets do not anticipate as long-term careers in the Air Force as males and generally are not satisfied with their situations in the Air Force, (4) both sexes learn to adapt to the military environment and to endorse military values.
Download or read book Integrating Women Into Previously All Male Air Force Units written by Lois B. DeFleur and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bring Me Men and Women written by Judith Stiehm and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women's integration into the military academies afforded an almost unique opportunity to study social change. It was a tidy, well-defined natural experiment. The Air Force Academy was willing to permit the kind of external scrutiny that afforded an objective account of the facts of the first year of integration. For sixteen months the academy allowed the author to interview freely and repeatedly all persons concerned with planning and implementing women's admission. Working as a historian (with individuals and documents rather than with questionnaires), Stiehm tells the report of this first year as fully and as accurately as possible.
Download or read book Four Years of Sex Integration at the United States Air Force Academy Problems and Issues written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Admission of women to the service academies by Congress in 1976 constituted a mandated social change at the Air Force Academy. This social process was monitored over the four years of the first integrated class by a longitudinal study of beliefs, attitudes and expectations of the first women and their classmates. A carefully matched sample of men and women were tested concerning these issues, as were samples from preceding and following classes. The report portrays a comprehensive picture of the integration process with the associated problems and issues. Keywords: Sex integration; socialization; attitudes toward women; career expectations.
Download or read book Failure of Imagination written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public Law-106, which authorized the admittance of women into the five federal service academies, was historically significant as it reversed the previous male-only policy at the nation's premier military leadership institutions. Its 1975 passage reflected the groundwork established by military women as well as two decades of feminist activism in America. The entrance of women at the service academies clearly challenged the existing norms for women's roles in the military and arguably in American society as well; furthermore, an analysis of primary source documents and oral histories provides insight into how men and women at the Air Force Academy confronted radically new conceptions of gender roles in society. This analysis is particularly relevant as existing scholarship concerning the integration of women at the Air Force Academy has largely ignored men's and women's own perceptions and responses to their academy experiences. In studying the integration process at the Air Force Academy, my methodological approach places great value in centering women's voices in this story; therefore, this work will incorporate many of the existing oral histories of female cadets as well as recently gathered oral histories from women who graduated from the Air Force Academy during the integration period. By interrogating these individual cadet experiences within the larger historical context of the integration period, this work yields a deeper understanding of what it meant to be a man and a woman at this moment of radical change at the Air Force Academy. Why did men reject women as cadets? What motivated women to become cadets? How did women create a space for themselves within this rigid masculine environment? Beyond the now-familiar narratives about male close-mindedness and chauvinism, this study explores the cultural context in which men and women encountered one another in the service academies. Men and women at the Air Force Academy grappled with the integration process in unique ways; this present work focuses on how both men and women actively negotiated and renegotiated their perceptions of masculine and feminine identity during this period of momentous organizational change at the Air Force Academy.
Download or read book Bring Me Men and Women written by Judith Hicks Stiehm and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women's integration into the military academies afforded an almost unique opportunity to study social change. It was a tidy, well-defined natural experiment. The Air Force Academy was willing to permit the kind of external scrutiny that afforded an objective account of the facts of the first year of integration. For sixteen months the academy allowed the author to interview freely and repeatedly all persons concerned with planning and implementing women's admission. Working as a historian (with individuals and documents rather than with questionnaires), Stiehm tells the report of this first year as fully and as accurately as possible.
Download or read book Challenge and Change in the Military written by Frank Conrad Pinch and published by Canadian Forces Leadership Institute,Canadian Defence Academy. This book was released on 2004 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gender Integration of Women Into U S Army Special Forces Operational Detachments Alpha As 18 Series Military Occupational Specialty Results of Research Surveys and Historical Account Analysis written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2018-05-11 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On January 24, 2013, restrictions against women in ground combat units, to include U.S. Army Special Forces (SF), were rescinded by the Department of Defense. The military services were allowed to gradually and systematically integrate women into male-only military occupational specialties (MOS). By January 2016 the military services must open all combat jobs to women or explain why exceptions exist. Gender integration for Army SF Operational Detachments Alpha (ODAs) could present socio-dynamic hurdles that potentially erode operational readiness, combat effectiveness and group cohesion. This research explores implications to operational readiness, combat effectiveness and group cohesion gender integration may pose to Army SF ODAs. Historical accounts of women in the Office of Strategic Services are considered, and gender integration of combat jobs and special operations forces of foreign militaries are discussed. Surveys were conducted among a convenience sampling of U.S. Army SF officers and U.S. Army female officers. Findings and recommendations conclude gender integration of an SF ODA can be successful if leadership at all levels leads the way with clear communication to manage expectations, and current physical standards remain unaltered. Clear lines of communication and education of ODA spouses are also vital to the success of gender integration in ODAs. Integrating women into ground combat units and previously denied MOSs is a sensitive subject, and more so when you consider integrating women into the Special Forces community as an 18-Series MOS member on an ODA. A strong understanding of the socio-dynamics within the integrated group is required. This study explores some pitfalls and benefits of gender integration and plausible foundational frameworks in which USSOCOM/USASOC could begin to build successful full integration models. The literature review will consider historical perspectives of women in the OSS, particularly where women were integrated into roles that were previously held by an all-male force. It will include any previous research that could be considered parallel to this study. Also, previous research on the psychological sex differences between men and women when they are integrated together into small working groups will be considered. Chapter 3 will explain and discuss the methodology incorporated into the research. A qualitative descriptive survey methodology will be utilized. Surveys will be administered to a designated sample of human subjects. A quantitative analysis will be conducted where applicable, but a large portion of the data received from the surveys will be qualitative in nature. Chapter 4 will be a discussion of the survey results. The final chapter will include an analysis of the survey results, findings and recommendations, and recommendations for further research.
Download or read book An Assessment of Options for Increasing Gender Integration in Air Force Basic Military Training written by Agnes Gereben Schaefer and published by . This book was released on 2018-04-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The USAF asked the RAND Corporation to assess ways to increase gender-integrated training (GIT) in Basic Military Training (BMT). RAND reviewed historical literature and the experiences of other services and devised five options for increased GIT. Options include integrating training activities, integrating flights to different male-female proportions both before and after fall out from sleeping bays, and modifying sleeping bays for full integration. This report provides a comparative analysis of these options, including costs for each one, as well as a monitoring framework to monitor the progress of any GIT option that the USAF might choose."--Publisher's description
Download or read book Special Operations Forces Mixed Gender Elite Teams written by William Knarr and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-07 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 24 January 2013, the Secretary of Defense (SecDef) rescinded the 1994 Direct Ground Combat Definition and Assignment Rule (DCAR) that excluded women from assignment to units and positions whose primary mission is to engage in direct combat on the ground. In doing so, the SecDef directed the opening of all occupational specialties, positions and units to women; the validation of gender-neutral standards for those positions; and establishment of milestones for implementation. In a March 2013 memorandum, Commander USSOCOM directed several initiatives as a result of the SecDef's DCAR rescission. While other studies examined individual performance and standards, the JSOU Center for Special Operations Studies and Research examined the effects on team dynamics. The challenge for this study was to determine if changing the gender component of Special Operations Forces elite teams from single-gender (masculine) to mixed-gender would affect team dynamics in a way that would compromise the ability of the team to meet a mission objective.
Download or read book Full Integration of Women in the Air Force Myth Or Possibility written by Helen M. Newell and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The full integration of women in the military, particularly the United States Air Force, has been an ongoing effort. Based on the definition of "full integration" as allowing all qualified military personnel the opportunity to hold any position and accomplish any mission, given that they are in possession of the required capabilities and training, without restriction, certain issues have arisen during the course of the integration process. These issues include sex, as defined by gender and function, the capability of women to accomplish the same tasks as men, and the combat issue. To support and establish the full integration of women in the Air Force, qualifying standards must be met by females as well as males without lowering standards to fill desired quotas or political agendas. If this is undertaken, the capabilities and combat-readiness of females will not be an issue. Non-professional personal relations must be monitored and aggressive steps taken to prevent them when they interfere with mission accomplishment.
Download or read book Full Integration of Women in the Air Force written by Helen M. Newell and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The full integration of women in the military, particularly the United States Air Force, has been an ongoing effort. Based on the definition of "full integration" as allowing all qualified military personnel the opportunity to hold any position and accomplish any mission, given that they are in possession of the required capabilities and training, without restriction, certain issues have arisen during the course of the integration process. These issues include sex, as defined by gender and function, the capability of women to accomplish the same tasks as men, and the combat issue. To support and establish the full integration of women in the Air Force, qualifying standards must be met by females as well as males without lowering standards to fill desired quotas or political agendas. If this is undertaken, the capabilities and combat-readiness of females will not be an issue. Non-professional personal relations must be monitored and aggressive steps taken to prevent them when they interfere with mission accomplishment.
Download or read book Air Force Academy written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated the situation of women and minorities at the Air Force Academy addressing differences in performance indicators, cadets' perceptions, and Academy actions to enhance the success of women and minorities. Performance indicators for male and female cadets showed mixed results. Minority cadets had comparable physical fitness scores, lower academic admissions scores, lower academic grade point averages, and lower military performance averages than white cadets. Minorities were also subjected to more academic and honor reviews than whites. Minority cadets had higher attrition rates. A survey of cadets revealed perceptions that women and minorities generally received treatment equal to that of men and whites. However, a higher percentage of men than women perceived that women were treated better, and a slightly higher percentage of women than men perceived that they were treated worse. The study concluded that, although the Academy has taken a number of steps that should help women and minorities succeed at the Academy, it does not have a consolidated data base to analyze changes in student performance indicators and has not established criteria for determining when performance differences are significant. (Appendixes contain the Academy's review systems, methodology information, analysis of data, and list of contributors to the report.) (Author/JB)
Download or read book Sociological Abstracts written by Leo P. Chall and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding Attitudes on Gender and Training at the United States Air Force Academy written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research examined the relationship between male and female cadets' views toward women in society, in the military, and at the U.S. Air Force Academy (USAFA) with knowledge and understanding of academic, military, and physical fitness standards at USAFA. Prior to the admission of women at USAFA, the Department of Physical Education created physical fitness standards based on research that showed physiological differences in males and females (Baldi, 1991; Petosa, 1989). This study found that male cadets had high sexist attitudes toward women in society, did not agree with the involvement of women in combat, did not agree with women holding certain jobs in the military, and believed women negatively impacted standards at USAFA. About 66% of the cadets surveyed believed differences in physiology warranted different sets of fitness standards; however, about 17% of the cadets, who were all male, supported equal standards based on the fact that men and women are expected to perform the same jobs in the Air Force. According to the results, high sexist attitudes of women are good indicators of support for equal physical fitness standards. The views expressed in this study are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
Download or read book The Admission and Integration of Women Into the United States Air Force Academy written by William Joseph Wallisch and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
