Download or read book The Effects of Gaze Angle and Iris Size on Off angle Iris Recognition Using Deep Learning written by Sydnee Phillips and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book AI and Deep Learning in Biometric Security written by Gaurav Jaswal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-03-22 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth overview of artificial intelligence and deep learning approaches with case studies to solve problems associated with biometric security such as authentication, indexing, template protection, spoofing attack detection, ROI detection, gender classification etc. This text highlights a showcase of cutting-edge research on the use of convolution neural networks, autoencoders, recurrent convolutional neural networks in face, hand, iris, gait, fingerprint, vein, and medical biometric traits. It also provides a step-by-step guide to understanding deep learning concepts for biometrics authentication approaches and presents an analysis of biometric images under various environmental conditions. This book is sure to catch the attention of scholars, researchers, practitioners, and technology aspirants who are willing to research in the field of AI and biometric security.
Download or read book Iris and Periocular Recognition Using Deep Learning written by Ajay Kumar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-06-28 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically explains the fundamental and most advanced techniques for ocular imprint-based human identification, with many applications in sectors such as healthcare, online education, e-business, metaverse, and entertainment. This is the first-ever book devoted to iris recognition that details cutting-edge techniques using deep neural networks. This book systematically introduces such algorithmic details with attractive illustrations, examples, experimental comparisons, and security analysis. It answers many fundamental questions about the most effective iris and periocular recognition techniques.
Download or read book Recognition of Nonideal Iris Images Using Shape Guided Approach and Game Theory written by Kaushik Roy and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most state-of-the-art iris recognition algorithms claim to perform with a very high recognition accuracy in a strictly controlled environment. However, their recognition accuracies significantly decrease when the acquired images are affected by different noise factors including motion blur, camera diffusion, head movement, gaze direction, camera angle, reflections, contrast, luminosity, eyelid and eyelash occlusions, and problems due to contraction and dilation. The main objective of this thesis is to develop a nonideal iris recognition system by using active contour methods, Genetic Algorithms (GAs), shape guided model, Adaptive Asymmetrical Support Vector Machines (AASVMs) and Game Theory (GT). In this thesis, the proposed iris recognition method is divided into two phases: (1) cooperative iris recognition, and (2) noncooperative iris recognition. While most state-of-the-art iris recognition algorithms have focused on the preprocessing of iris images, recently, important new directions have been identified in iris biometrics research. These include optimal feature selection and iris pattern classification. In the first phase, we propose an iris recognition scheme based on GAs and asymmetrical SVMs. Instead of using the whole iris region, we elicit the iris information between the collarette and the pupil boundary to suppress the effects of eyelid and eyelash occlusions and to minimize the matching error. In the second phase, we process the nonideal iris images that are captured in unconstrained situations and those affected by several nonideal factors. The proposed noncooperative iris recognition method is further divided into three approaches. In the first approach of the second phase, we apply active contour-based curve evolution approaches to segment the inner/outer boundaries accurately from the nonideal iris images. The proposed active contour-based approaches show a reasonable performance when the iris/sclera boundary is separated by a blurred boundary. In the second approach, we describe a new iris segmentation scheme using GT to elicit iris/pupil boundary from a nonideal iris image. We apply a parallel game-theoretic decision making procedure by modifying Chakraborty and Duncan's algorithm to form a unified approach, which is robust to noise and poor localization and less affected by weak iris/sclera boundary. Finally, to further improve the segmentation performance, we propose a variational model to localize the iris region belonging to the given shape space using active contour method, a geometric shape prior and the Mumford-Shah functional. The verification and identification performance of the proposed scheme is validated using four challenging nonideal iris datasets, namely, the ICE 2005, the UBIRIS Version 1, the CASIA Version 3 Interval, and the WVU Nonideal, plus the non-homogeneous combined dataset. We have conducted several sets of experiments and finally, the proposed approach has achieved a Genuine Accept Rate (GAR) of 97.34% on the combined dataset at the fixed False Accept Rate (FAR) of 0.001% with an Equal Error Rate (EER) of 0.81%. The highest Correct Recognition Rate (CRR) obtained by the proposed iris recognition system is 97.39%.
Download or read book Iris Recognition written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-05-05 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Iris Recognition Iris recognition is an automated method of biometric identification that uses mathematical pattern-recognition techniques on video images of one or both of the irises of an individual's eyes, whose complex patterns are unique, stable, and can be seen from some distance. The discriminating powers of all biometric technologies depend on the amount of entropy they are able to encode and use in matching. Iris recognition is exceptional in this regard, enabling the avoidance of "collisions" even in cross-comparisons across massive populations. Its major limitation is that image acquisition from distances greater than a meter or two, or without cooperation, can be very difficult. However, the technology is in development and iris recognition can be accomplished from even up to 10 meters away or in a live camera feed. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Iris recognition Chapter 2: Retinal scan Chapter 3: John Daugman Chapter 4: Biometric points Chapter 5: Eye vein verification Chapter 6: Biometric device Chapter 7: Private biometrics Chapter 8: Aadhaar Chapter 9: Biometrics in schools Chapter 10: Aadhaar Act (II) Answering the public top questions about iris recognition. (III) Real world examples for the usage of iris recognition in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Iris Recognition.
Download or read book Frontal View Reconstruction for Iris Recognition written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iris recognition can be accomplished for a wide variety of eye images by correcting input images with an off-angle gaze. A variety of techniques, from limbus modeling, corneal refraction modeling, optical flows, and genetic algorithms can be used. A variety of techniques, including aspherical eye modeling, corneal refraction modeling, ray tracing, and the like can be employed. Precomputed transforms can enhance performance for use in commercial applications. With application of the technologies, images with significantly unfavorable gaze angles can be successfully recognized.
Download or read book Handbook of Vascular Biometrics written by Andreas Uhl and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access handbook provides the first comprehensive overview of biometrics exploiting the shape of human blood vessels for biometric recognition, i.e. vascular biometrics, including finger vein recognition, hand/palm vein recognition, retina recognition, and sclera recognition. After an introductory chapter summarizing the state of the art in and availability of commercial systems and open datasets/open source software, individual chapters focus on specific aspects of one of the biometric modalities, including questions of usability, security, and privacy. The book features contributions from both academia and major industrial manufacturers.
Download or read book Off Angle Iris Correction Using a Biological Model written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work implements an eye model to simulate corneal refraction effects. Using this model, ray tracing is performed to calculate transforms to remove refractive effects in off-angle iris images when reprojected to a frontal view. The correction process is used as a preprocessing step for off-angle iris images for input to a commercial matcher. With this method, a match score distribution mean improvement of 11.65% for 30 degree images, 44.94% for 40 degree images, and 146.1% improvement for 50 degree images is observed versus match score distributions with unmodi ed images.
Download or read book Non orthogonal Iris Segmentation written by Bradford Ludwig Bonney and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this Trident Scholar project was to isolate the iris, the colored part of the eye, in a non-orthogonal, digital image of the human eye. A non-orthogonal image is an image where the eye is not looking directly at the camera. Iris pattern differs significantly between individuals (including identical twins), which allows for its use as an accurate biometric identifier. Both commercial and research iris recognition systems are becoming widespread in government and industry for logical security and access control. These iris recognition systems assume that captured iris images are normal, or orthogonal, to the sensing devices, and therefore search for circular patterns in the image. Off-angle, or non-orthogonal, images of irises cannot currently be used for identification because the iris appears elliptical; commercial algorithms cannot isolate an elliptical iris in order to start the identification process. This research expanded the functionality of iris recognition technology by developing a set of new algorithms to isolate a non-orthogonal iris in a digital image. The algorithmic approach was to first isolate the pupil, the dark portion in the center of the eye. The pupil was isolated using bit-plane processing. The pupil appeared as a large homogenous region surrounded by insignificant noise, which allowed for easy definition of the pupil-iris boundary. Next, the limbic boundary (the outer edge of the iris) was determined in the cardinal directions, and an ellipse was calculated that incorporated those points. After all boundaries were calculated, an "iris mask" was created to identify pixels in the image that contained the iris data, the only pixels of value for the identification of an individual. The functionality of the algorithm was tested using a database collected at the United States Naval Academy. Both orthogonal and non-orthogonal iris images were used to collect quantitative results.
Download or read book Face Expression and Iris Recognition Using Learning based Approaches written by Guodong Guo and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Using Non orthogonal Iris Images for Iris Recognition written by Ruth Mary Gaunt and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The iris is the colored portion of the eye that surrounds the pupil and controls the amount of light that can enter the eye. The variations within the patterns of the iris are unique between eyes, which allows for accurate identification of an individual. Current commercial iris recognition algorithms require an orthogonal image of the eye (subject is looking directly into a camera) to find circular inner (pupillary) and outer (limbic) boundaries of the iris. If the subject is looking away from the camera (non-orthogonal), the pupillary and limbic boundaries appear elliptical, which a commercial system may be unable to process. This elliptical appearance also reduces the amount of information that is available in the image used for recognition. These are major challenges in non-orthogonal iris recognition. This research addressed these issues and provided a means to perform non-orthogonal iris recognition. All objectives set forth at the start of this project were accomplished. The first major objective of this project was to construct a database of non-orthogonal iris images for algorithm development and testing. A collection station was built that allows for the capture of iris images at 0° (orthogonal), 15°, 30°, and 45°. During a single collection on an individual, nine images were collected at each angle for each eye. Images of approximately 90 irises were taken, with 36 images collected per eye. Sixty irises were evaluated twice, resulting in a total of almost 7100 images in the database. The second major objective involved modifying the Naval Academy's one-dimensional iris recognition algorithm so it could process non-orthogonal iris images. An elliptical-to-circular (affine) transformation was applied to the non-orthogonal images to create circular boundaries. This permitted the algorithm to be run as designed, with this modified algorithm used in the recognition testing phase of the project. To evaluate the performance of the recognition algorithm and the feasibility of nonorthogonal recognition, rank-matching curves were generated. In addition, the accuracy of the database collection was evaluated by analyzing the iris boundary parameters of the nonorthogonal irises. MATLAB software and the Naval Academy's biometric signal processing laboratory equipment were used to analyze the data and to implement this research, respectively." - Author abstract.
Download or read book A Robust Method for Addressing Pupil Dilation in Iris Recognition written by Raghunandan Pasula and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Iris Recognition written by Renu Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biometric systems recognize individuals based on their physical or behavioral traits, viz., face, iris, and voice. Iris (the colored annular region around the pupil) is one of the most popular biometric traits due to its uniqueness, accuracy, and stability. However, its widespread usage raises security concerns against various adversarial attacks. Another challenge is to match iris images with other compatible biometric modalities (i.e., face) to increase the scope of human identification. Therefore, the focus of this thesis is two-fold: firstly, enhance the security of the iris recognition system by detecting adversarial attacks, and secondly, accentuate its performance in iris-face matching.To enhance the security of the iris biometric system, we work over two types of adversarial attacks - presentation and morph attacks. A presentation attack (PA) occurs when an adversary presents a fake or altered biometric sample (plastic eye, cosmetic contact lens, etc.) to a biometric system to obfuscate their own identity or impersonate another identity. We propose three deep learning-based iris PA detection frameworks corresponding to three different imaging modalities, namely NIR spectrum, visible spectrum, and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging inputting a NIR image, visible-spectrum video, and cross-sectional OCT image, respectively. The techniques perform effectively to detect known iris PAs as well as generalize well across unseen attacks, unseen sensors, and multiple datasets. We also presented the explainability and interpretability of the results from the techniques. Our other focuses are robustness analysis and continuous update (retraining) of the trained iris PA detection models. Another burgeoning security threat to biometric systems is morph attacks. A morph attack entails the generation of an image (morphed image) that embodies multiple different identities. Typically, a biometric image is associated with a single identity. In this work, we first demonstrate the vulnerability of iris recognition techniques to morph attacks and then develop techniques to detect the morphed iris images.The second focus of the thesis is to improve the performance of a cross-modal system where iris images are matched against face images. Cross-modality matching involves various challenges, such as cross-spectral, cross-resolution, cross-pose, and cross-temporal. To address these challenges, we extract common features present in both images using a multi-channel convolutional network and also generate synthetic data to augment insufficient training data using a dual-variational autoencoder framework. The two focus areas of this thesis improve the acceptance and widespread usage of the iris biometric system.
Download or read book Iris Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Machine Learning Techniques and Optical Systems for Iris Recognition from Distant Viewpoints written by Florian S. Langgartner and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Glaucoma Book written by Paul N. Schacknow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 1019 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complete evidence-based medical and surgical management of glaucoma for both the general ophthalmologist in practice and residents The only book that covers the new generation of glaucoma procedures including trabectome, trabecular bypass and canaloplasty, by the experts who developed them Includes the latest laser treatments for glaucoma including micro diode and titanium saphire trabeculoplasty as well as laser from an external approach The most comprehensive coverage of the optic nerve and the importance of nerve fiber layer hemorrhage Provides an integrated approach to neovascular glaucoma merging treatment to the retina, with the use of new anti-VEGF drugs, tubes, and shunts to achieve the best outcome Integrates clinical science with basic science to outline the next steps in glaucoma therapy
Download or read book Iris Recognition Trials and the Effects of Again on Identification Performance written by Andrew Nadeau and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
