Download or read book The Effects of Gait Training with Visual Feedback on Motor Outcomes in Individuals with Lower Limb Amputations written by Leora Tova Gabay and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 120,000 lower limb amputations are performed each year, and vascular diseases account for 70% (Davis et al., 2004). Many people with amputations regain their mobility using prosthetics, however, their gait patterns are significantly changed. Altered gait patterns such as asymmetrical loading and asymmetrical stance time can increase the risk of developing musculoskeletal complications (Lemaire et al., 1994). In addition to orthopedic compromises, many people with lower limb amputations undergo challenging issues associated with their balance. Exercise can help people with amputations improve their gait. A reduction in gait asymmetry has been documented with the implementation of exercise in amputees (Lloyd et al., 2010). Real time visual feedback has been shown to improve gait efficiency by diminishing energy consumption while walking at a steady pace on a treadmill along with reduced heart rate and improved in asymmetry (Davis et al., 2004). The use of a visual feedback system may be an effective way to retrain gait. The Biodex Gait Trainer Treadmill has been used to assess and train gait performance in those with neurological gait dysfunctions. Instant visual feedback has been demonstrated to be effective in improving gait patterns among people with hemiparesis (Chen et al., 2004). No research has examined the use of gait trainer with instant visual feedback as a form of retaining gait patterns in people with unilateral lower limb amputations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of treadmill gait programs with and without visual feedback in individuals with lower limb amputations. A total of 4 participants were recruited for the study. The adults participated in an intervention for a total of 15 sessions. The program consisted of a warm up, 30-minute treadmill walk and a cool down. Participants were measured for kinematic gait parameters, spatial-temporal variables, balance variables and quality of life. Although there were no consistent patterns with the groups after the intervention, individual changes in kinematic, spatial-temporal, balance and quality of life variables presented individual improvements based on each participant’s current condition. These trends imply that a visual feedback treadmill exercise is an effective way to maintain and improve gait parameters, balance and quality of life in individuals with unilateral lower limb amputations.
Download or read book The Use of Visual Feedback to Improve Temporal Gait Asymmetry Post Stroke written by Jessica Noelle Powers and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temporal gait asymmetry (TGA) is common post-stroke and particularly resistant to conventional therapy. Therefore new rehabilitation approaches are required. One approach may be visual feedback (FB) during gait training. Optimal parameters for providing visual FB during motor skill acquisition are well established for healthy adults but remain largely unknown for motor learning in people with stroke. This study aimed to determine the effect of visual displays and frequencies for visual FB about TGA during an overground walking practice session and its effects during a retention session. Participants received feedback at 50% or 100% frequency in one of two display formats (A and B). The largest effect sizes were seen in the group that received Display B at 100%, and 50%. Individuals that received FB during practice showed significant changes in TGA at the retention while those individuals who did not receive feedback showed no changes at retention.
Download or read book Physical Rehabilitation written by Susan B O'Sullivan and published by F.A. Davis. This book was released on 2019-01-25 with total page 1504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rely on this comprehensive, curriculum-spanning text and reference now and throughout your career! You’ll find everything you need to know about the rehabilitation management of adult patients… from integrating basic surgical, medical, and therapeutic interventions to how to select the most appropriate evaluation procedures, develop rehabilitation goals, and implement a treatment plan. Online you’ll find narrated, full-color video clips of patients in treatment, including the initial examination, interventions, and outcomes for a variety of the conditions commonly seen in rehabilitation settings.
Download or read book Effects of Treadmill Walking with Visual Feedback on Gait Outcomes in People Post Stroke written by Ileana Hurtado and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compromised gait is prevalent in people post stroke. Gait training is one of the major components in stroke rehabilitation. Treadmill walking is often used for gait training in people post stroke. Limited studies have examined the effects of a visual feedback system in combination with treadmill-based gait training. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of treadmill walking with realtime visual feedback on gait outcomes in people post stroke. Methods: 6 participants (age 59.3+/-12.34 years old) participated in this case study. They were assigned to either visual feedback gait training group or control based on initial walking speed. Both groups performed 30 minutes of treadmill walking, three times a week, for eight weeks. The control group performed the training with no visual feedback (NVF). The experimental treatment group received real-time visual feedback (VF) on a LCD screen which displayed foot placement and prompts. Data collection was performed before and after the eight weeks, as well as four weeks after the completion of intervention. The kinematic and spatiotemporal variables were recorded and analyzed by using a 3D motion analysis system. (VICON Bonita System). Data process and analysis was performed using VICON Polygon software. x Results: Group averages demonstrated an increase in walking speed and cadence in the VF group. The VF group demonstrated an increase of 11.7% in cadence of the AF and NAF limb. Walking speed of the VF group increased by 21.7% from .95m/s to 1.16m/s. NVF group revealed no notable change in spatiotemporal, or kinematic variables. Neither VF nor NVF group demonstrated notable changes in the kinematic values or gait symmetry. Conclusion: The findings indicate that gait training with visual feedback can be more effective in improving gait spatiotemporal values than conventional treadmill walking.
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparing the Effects of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation and Visual Feedback on Hemiparetic Gait in Chronic Stroke written by Nnamdi Mbanugo and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 80% of individuals post stroke experience some form of mobility impairment associated with hemiparesis. Impaired mobility leads to reduced independence and quality of life. Gait rehabilitation is often the primary goal of individuals post stroke. As clinical understanding of human locomotion has evolved, there has been a shift in recent years from more traditional gait rehabilitation methods towards the inclusion of sensory stimuli such as rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) and visual feedback (VFB). There is however limited knowledge about the comparative effects of stimulation to the visual and auditory cortex during gait rehabilitation training. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of visual feedback and rhythmic auditory stimulation on walking performance in individuals with hemiparetic gait. Design: A total of 5 participants (age 61± 6.928) with hemiparesis completed 5 weeks of treadmill walking incorporating visual feedback and 5 weeks of treadmill walking incorporating rhythmic auditory stimulation. Participants first completed 5 weeks of VFB training using the BIODEX Gait Trainer II® treadmill followed by a 5 week detraining period and then a final 5 weeks of treadmill walking with RAS via digital metronome. Gait analysis was performed using the VICON 3D motion analysis system. Participants had their gait analyzed using the VICON plug-ingait model before and after each 5 week training intervention. Gait outcomes included stride length, step length, walking speed, cadence and lower extremity joint excursion at the hip, knee and ankle. Results: A paired t-test revealed significant increases in walking cadence, stride length in the affected limb and step length symmetry (all p values
Download or read book Effects of Weight Shifting Training with Visual Feedback on Gait Characteristics in Persons with Chronic Stroke written by Anne Plamenig and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gait Analysis Techniques to Understand the Effect of a Hip Strength Improving Program on Lower limb Amputees written by Emily A. Morris and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to walk can be severely compromised by a lower-limb amputation, which can have long-reaching consequences to the individual0́9s health and safety. It has been reported that the high incidence of lower back pain and joint degradation experienced by lower-limb amputees can be attributed to the way amputees carry themselves during walking. The techniques adopted by amputees have a direct correlation to the muscle strength of the residual limb. It was theorized in this study that a hip strength training program would improve amputees0́9 gait performance. An additional aim of the study was to determine if the training program was sufficient to enable lower-limb amputees to run. To assess potential changes in walking gait biomechanics as a consequence of the hip strengthening training, kinematic movement data collected with computerized motion capture techniques were analyzed using both novel and traditional gait analysis methods. A novel technique of time warping gait data to kinematic gait events was developed and validated initially using data from healthy adult males with a simulated knee injury. This technique provided additional insights into temporal shifts in gait behaviors under the simulated injury, as well as providing greater alignment of the kinematic curves. This tool along with standard spatiotemporal metrics and kinematic profile analysis were used to analyze the results from the hip strengthening study. Another analysis of the hip strengthening program data found that the metabolic cost of walking in the training group decreased, hip flexor and extensor strength increased, and all but one member of the training group were able to run after training. In the current study, however, no significant changes in the kinematic gait behaviors for the training group in the pre- vs. post- training analysis were found. The control group0́9s kinematic profiles did show some significant changes after the ten-week period, indicative of deterioration in gait performance. These results suggest that the hip strengthening program may have prevented similar trends from occurring in the training group. The gait analysis tools employed on this data set provided greater insight into the kinematic strategies employed by lower-limb amputees, as well as emphasizing the necessity for continuous muscle strength training in this population.
Download or read book Advanced Technologies for the Rehabilitation of Gait and Balance Disorders written by Giorgio Sandrini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-30 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the field of gait and balance rehabilitation. It describes technologies and devices together with the requirements and factors to be considered during their application in clinical settings. The book covers physiological and pathophysiological basis of locomotion and posture control, describes integrated approaches for the treatment of neurological diseases and spinal cord injury, as well as important principles for designing appropriate clinical studies. It presents computer and robotic technologies currently used in rehabilitation, such as exoskeleton devices, functional electrical stimulation, virtual reality and many more, highlighting the main advantages and challenges both from the clinical and engineering perspective. Written in an easy-to-understand style, the book is intended for people with different background and expertise, including medical and engineering students, clinicians and physiotherapists, as well as technical developers of rehabilitation systems and their corresponding human-compute interfaces. It aims at fostering an increased awareness of available technologies for balance and gait rehabilitation, as well as a better communication and collaboration between their users and developers.
Download or read book Effects of Visual Feedback on Gait Biomechanics and Functionality written by Jessica L. Kenia and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design and Assist as needed Control of an Intrinsically Compliant Robotic Orthosis for Gait Rehabilitation written by Shahid Hussain and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurologic injuries, such as stroke and spinal cord injuries (SCI), cause damage to neural systems and motor function, which results in lower limb impairment and gait disorders. Subjects with gait disorders require specific training to regain functional mobility. Traditionally, manual physical therapy is used for the gait training of neurologically impaired subjects which has limitations, such as the excessive workload and fatigue of physical therapists. The rehabilitation engineering community is working towards the development of robotic devices and control schemes that can assist during the gait training. The initial prototypes of these robotic gait training orthoses use conventional, industrial actuators that are either extremely heavy or have high endpoint impedance (stiffness). Neurologically impaired subjects often suffer from severe spasms. These stiff actuators may produce forces in response to the undesirable motions, often causing pain or discomfort to patients. The control schemes used by the initial prototypes of robotic gait training orthoses also have a limited ability to provide seamless, adaptive, and customized robotic assistance. This requires new design and control methods to be developed to increase the compliance and adaptability of these automated gait training devices. This research introduces the development of a new robotic gait training orthosis that is intrinsically compliant. Novel, assist-as-needed (AAN) control strategies are proposed to provide adaptive and customized robotic assistance to subjects with different levels of neurologic impairments. The new robotic gait training orthosis has six degrees of freedom (DOFs), which is powered by pneumatic muscle actuators (PMA). The device provides naturalistic gait pattern and safe interaction with subjects during gait training. New robust feedback control schemes are proposed to improve the trajectory tracking performance of PMAs. A dynamic model of the device and a human lower limb musculoskeletal model are established to study the dynamic interaction between the device and subjects. In order to provide adaptive, customized robot assisted gait training and to enhance the subject's voluntary participation in the gait training process, two new control schemes are proposed in this research. The first control scheme is based on the impedance control law. The impedance control law modifies the robotic assistance based on the human subject's active joint torque contributions. The levels of robot compliance can be selected by the physical therapist during the impedance control scheme according to the disability level and stage of rehabilitation of neurologically impaired subjects. The second control scheme is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of impedance control scheme and to provide seamless adaptive, AAN gait training. The adaptive, AAN gait training scheme is based on the estimation of the disability level of neurologically impaired subjects based on the kinematic error and adapts the robotic assistance accordingly. All the control schemes have been evaluated on neurologically intact subjects and the results show that these control schemes can deliver their intended effects. Rigorous clinical trials with neurologically impaired subjects are required to prove the therapeutic efficacy of the proposed robotic orthosis and the adaptive gait training schemes. The concept of intrinsically compliant robotic gait training orthosis, together with the trajectory tracking and impedance control of robotic gait training orthosis are the important contributions of this research. The algorithms and models developed in this research are applicable to the development of other robotic devices for rehabilitation and assistive purposes. The major contribution of the research lies in the development of a seamless, adaptive AAN gait training strategy. The research will help in evolving the field of compliant actuation of rehabilitation robots along with the development of new control schemes for providing seamless, adaptive AAN gait training.
Download or read book Exercises for Lower limb Amputees written by International Committee of the Red Cross and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Care of the Combat Amputee written by Paul F. Pasquina and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2009 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This resource addresses all aspects of combat amputee care ranging from surgical techniques to long-term care, polytrauma and comorbidities such as traumatic brain injury and burns, pain management, psychological issues, physical and occupational therapy, VA benefits, prosthetics and adaptive technologies, sports and recreational opportunities, and return to duty and vocational rehabilitation.
Download or read book Whittle s Gait Analysis written by Jim Richards and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-07-13 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whittle’s Gait Analysis – formerly known as Gait Analysis: an introduction – is now in its fifth edition with a new team of authors led by David Levine and Jim Richards. Working closely with Michael Whittle, the team maintains a clear and accessible approach to basic gait analysis. It will assist both students and clinicians in the diagnosis of and treatment plans for patients suffering from medical conditions that affect the way they walk. Highly readable, the book builds upon the basics of anatomy, physiology and biomechanics Describes both normal and pathological gait Covers the range of methods available to perform gait analysis, from the very simple to the very complex. Emphasizes the clinical applications of gait analysis Chapters on gait assessment of neurological diseases and musculoskeletal conditions and prosthetics and orthotics Methods of gait analysis Design features including key points A team of specialist contributors led by two internationally-renowned expert editors 60 illustrations, taking the total number to over 180 Evolve Resources containing video clips and animated skeletons of normal gait supported by MCQs, an image bank, online glossary and sources of further information. Log on to http://evolve.elsevier.com/Whittle/gait to register and start using these resources today!
Download or read book The Effects of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation RAS on Gait Training for Persons with Traumatic Brain Injury written by Jody L. Wilfong and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2009 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shank Kinematics and Kinetics in Prosthetic Gait written by Rósa Kolbeinsdóttir and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans ambulate with bipedal gait and the ankle-foot system is imperative for efficient and symmetrical gait. Individuals with lower-limb amputation lose the ankle-foot system and must rely on prostheses to ambulate. Prosthetic systems have traditionally been designed to mimic select aspects of the natural ankle-foot complex, such as roll-over shape and the late-stance ankle power burst. However, as prosthetic users still do not reach the same level of function as individuals without amputation it is clear that there is room for improvement in current prosthetic systems. In other words, there may be other aspects or features of lower limb mechanics during gait that could hold the key to enabling meaningful improvements in prosthesis design to be achieved. In particular, recent research has identified important, and somewhat surprising, features of the natural shank’s segmental kinematics and kinetics that may be useful as design criteria for future prosthetic systems. However, before advancements can be made in the designs of prosthetic systems, we must understand the shank segmental kinematics and kinetics during the gait of users with current prosthetic ankle-foot systems. Thus the aim of this study was to characterize the segmental kinematics and kinetics of the residual shank in prosthetic gait and compare to typical gait. ☐ Shank segmental kinematics and kinetics in overground gait were analyzed for four individuals with unilateral transtibial amputation who used the same energy-storing-and-returning prosthetic ankle-foot system. The kinematic results revealed that the proximal shank remained horizontal throughout stance in prosthetic gait, similar to typical gait, despite the prosthetic users’ lack of active plantar flexion. Kinetic results showed that power flowed into the shank from more proximal segments at the moment of push-off on the prosthetic side, as opposed to typical gait and on the intact side where power flowed out of the proximal shank. In addition, the velocity of the proximal shank was higher at push-off on the prosthetic side compared to the intact side or typical gait. These results indicate that, to compensate for the lack of active push-off in the prosthesis, these prosthetic users use more proximal structures to lift the foot off the ground in late stance, instead of actively pushing it off. Analysis of spatiotemporal parameters revealed a shorter stance time and longer step length on the prosthetic side, where, presumably, the prosthetic users terminate the stance phase early to avoid the lowering and downward acceleration of the proximal shank. These results give better insight into the shortcomings of current prosthetic ankle-foot systems and provide design criteria that may be used to improve the design of prosthetic ankle-foot systems and resulting gait function of the prosthetic user.
Download or read book Prosthetic Gait Training Program for Lower Extremity Amputees written by Robert S. Gailey and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
