Download or read book The Effect of Varying the Portion Size and Energy Density of Foods and Milk on Preschool Children s Intake written by Samantha Kling and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serving larger portion sizes and energy-dense foods and beverages has robust effects on preschool childrens intake, and these factors are often implicated as the primary drivers in the obesity epidemic. Experimental studies have shown that variations in portion size and energy density (ED) have substantial, independent effects on childrens energy intake. The available data demonstrate that continuing to serve large portions has effects that persist for up to 24-hours in children, and for ED, the effects continue for up to 2 days. Since children are exposed to large portions of higher-ED foods, it is essential to investigate how these factors combine to influence preschool childrens intake, but the studies that have been conducted report inconsistent results. Furthermore, in these studies the main dish at the meal was the only item varied by portion size and ED, which does not represent the current eating environment in which other foods and beverages also vary in these properties. For this dissertation, two studies were designed to test the effect of varying both the portion size and ED of an entire meal (Study 1) and of milk (Study 2) on preschool childrens intake. Investigation of these effects will aid in the development of strategies to counter these environmental food cues and moderate energy intake.In Study 1, the effect of varying the portion size and ED of a meal of commonly consumed foods on childrens intake was evaluated. In a crossover design, lunch was served in 3 childcare centers once a week for 6 weeks to 120 children aged 3-5 years (14% overweight or obese). For the 6 meals, all items were served at 3 levels of portion size (100, 150, or 200%) and 2 levels of ED (100 or 142%). Lunch items were either lower- or higher-ED commercially available versions of chicken, macaroni and cheese, vegetable, applesauce, ketchup, and milk. Childrens ratings of the foods showed that the lower-ED and higher-ED items were equally well liked. Varying the ED of food and milk did not affect the total weight consumed across meals; however, serving larger portions significantly increased the weight eaten at both the lower- and higher-ED meals (P
Download or read book The Effect of Varying Portion Size Or Energy Density Over 5 Days on Preschool Children s Intake written by Alissa Smethers and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preschool children are thought to be in a formative stage during which environmental cues, such as portion size and energy density, begin to override the regulation of energy intake. Only two studies, however, have measured the effect of portion size and energy density (ED) on childrens intake beyond a single meal. Research in adults suggests that 3 to 4 days is necessary in order to observe compensatory adjustments in response to excess energy intakes. Therefore, no studies have been conducted over a sufficient duration to see if young children are able to regulate energy intake in response to obesogenic food properties. For this dissertation, two studies aimed to test the effect of varying portion size (Study 1) and ED (Study 2) on preschool childrens intake over 5 days, a period likely long enough for compensatory behavior. These will lead to the development of evidence-based strategies and policy recommendations to help moderate energy intake and prevent childhood obesity.
Download or read book The Effects of Food Characteristics on Portion Selection and Consumption in Children written by Hanim Ecem Diktas and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, one out of five children in the United States has obesity. Serving larger portion sizes and energy-dense foods has robust effects on children's intake, and it is often suggested that these factors play a critical role in contributing to childhood obesity. Experimental studies showed that portion size has sustained and robust effects on energy intake in children, particularly when the foods are well-liked and energy-dense. These studies suggest that food characteristics such as portion size, energy density, and palatability contribute to excess energy intake. The strategic use of these characteristics may, on the other hand, promote healthy eating in children. Only a few studies, however, have examined the influences of these food characteristics on the selected portions and intake during the formative years of childhood. Therefore, the primary aim of this dissertation is to understand the effects of food characteristics on portion selection and consumption in children. Study 1 evaluated the independent and combined effects on preschool children's vegetable intake of serving a larger portion of vegetables and enhancing their flavor. In a crossover design, lunch was served in childcare centers once a week for four weeks to 67 children aged 3--5 y (26 boys, 41 girls). The meal consisted of two familiar vegetables (broccoli and corn) served with fish sticks, rice, ketchup, applesauce, and milk. Across the four meals, we varied the portion of vegetables (60 or 120 g total weight, served as equal weights of broccoli and corn) and served them either plain or enhanced (6.6% light butter and 0.5% salt by weight). All meals were consumed ad libitum and weighed to determine intake. Doubling the portion of vegetables led to greater consumption of both broccoli and corn (both p 0.0001) and increased meal vegetable intake by 68% (mean ± SEM 21 ± 3 g). Enhancing vegetables with butter and salt, however, did not influence their intake (p = 0.13), nor did flavor enhancement modify the effect of portion size on intake (p = 0.10). Intake of other meal components did not change when the vegetable portion was doubled (p = 0.57); thus, for the entire meal, the increase in vegetable consumption led to a 5% increase in energy intake (13 ± 5 kcal; p = 0.02). Ratings indicated that children had similar liking for the plain and enhanced versions of each vegetable (both p 0.31). All versions of vegetables were well-liked, as indicated by >= 76% of the children rating them as "yummy" or "just okay". In study 2, we used a computer survey to investigate the effect of food liking on portion selection in middle childhood and examined how children's selections were related to measured intake at meals in which portions of all foods were varied across 4 test days. Fifty-one children aged 7--10 y completed a computer survey of 20 common foods with a range of energy density. For each food, the survey presented sliding scales with 5 images varying in portion size and children indicated their liking and the amount they would eat at a specified meal or snack. On 4 test days in a randomized crossover design, children were served a meal of 6 foods from the survey with portions of 100%, 133%, 167%, or 200% of baseline amounts. Across the 20 foods used in the survey, portion selection ratings were predicted by food liking ratings (p
Download or read book Milk Bioactive Components and Role in Human Nutrition written by Alessandra Durazzo and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Milk: Bioactive Components and Role in Human Nutrition" that was published in Beverages
Download or read book 5 a Day for Better Health Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of Portion Size and Energy Density on Energy Intake in Preschool Children written by Hannah McConnell and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Energy Density and Portion Size on Energy Intake in Preschool Children written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Taste Nutrition and Health written by Beverly J. Tepper and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-25 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sensation of flavor reflects the complex integration of aroma, taste, texture, and chemesthetic (oral and nasal irritation cues) from a food or food component. Flavor is a major determinant of food palatability—the extent to which a food is accepted or rejected—and can profoundly influence diet selection, nutrition, and health. Despite recent progress, gaps in knowledge still remain regarding how taste and flavor cues are detected at the periphery, conveyed by the brainstem to higher cortical levels, and then interpreted as a conscious sensation. Taste signals are also projected to central feeding centers where they can regulate hunger and fullness. Individual differences in sensory perceptions are also well known and can arise from genetic variation, environmental causes, or a variety of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Genetic taste/smell variation could predispose individuals to these same diseases. Recent findings have opened new avenues of inquiry, suggesting that fatty acids and carbohydrates may provide nutrient-specific signals informing the gut and brain of the nature of the ingested nutrients. This Special Issue, Taste, Nutrition, and Health, presents original research communications and comprehensive reviews on topics of broad interest to researchers and educators in sensory science, nutrition, physiology, public health, and health care.
Download or read book Krause s Food the Nutrition Care Process MEA edition E Book written by L. Kathleen Mahan and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-12-08 with total page 1158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Krause's Food & the Nutrition Care Process, MEA edition E-Book
Download or read book Krause s Food the Nutrition Care Process E Book written by L. Kathleen Mahan and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-05-17 with total page 1159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A trusted classic for over 50 years, Krause’s Food and the Nutrition Care Process, 14th Edition presents the most cutting-edge and up-to-date dietetics content available in this ever-changing field. Nicknamed the "nutrition bible", students and practitioners alike turn to its current, comprehensive content, engaging pedagogy and design, and logical presentation of information. This new edition includes the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, more visuals, and highlighted Clinical Case Studies, Clinical Insights, and Clinical Applications boxes that help translate scientific knowledge into practical patient care. Written by nearly 50 nationally recognized writers, researchers, and practitioners, it covers nutrition assessment and intervention, the nutritional needs of individuals in different stages of the life cycle, nutrition for health and fitness, and medical nutrition therapy. Authored by clinical specialists, ensuring in-depth coverage with many practical and evidence-based recommendations. Sample Nutrition Diagnosis boxes present a problem, its etiology, and its signs and symptoms before concluding with a sample nutrition diagnosis, providing both students and practitioners with real-life scenarios they may encounter in practice. UNIQUE! Pathophysiology algorithms present the cause, pathophysiology, and medical nutrition management for a variety of disorders and conditions to help you provide optimal nutritional care. Chapters on nutrition in each of the life cycle phases, include: Nutrition in Pregnancy and Lactation Nutrition in Infancy Nutrition in Childhood Nutrition in Adolescence Nutrition in the Adult Years Nutrition in Aging Focus On boxes provide thought-provoking information on key concepts for well-rounded study and further discussion within the classroom. New Directions boxes point you toward additional research on emerging areas in nutrition therapy. Clinical Insight boxes expand on clinical information, highlight areas that may go unnoticed, and contain clinical resources for students and practitioners. Chapters on the nutritional care of the low-birth-weight and premature infant feature information on how to support their health, growth, and development. Useful websites direct you to online resources that relate to chapter topics. Key terms are defined at the beginning of each chapter and bolded within the text where they are discussed in more detail.
Download or read book Krause s Food the Nutrition Care Process Iranian edition E Book written by L. Kathleen Mahan and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-11-03 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Krause's Food & the Nutrition Care Process, Iranian edition
Download or read book Journal of the American Dietetic Association written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1012 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Early Years Nutrition and Healthy Weight written by Laura Stewart and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early Years Nutrition and Healthy Weight focuses on the early years of childhood as a key period in which eating and exercise habits are formed. Combining current evidence with practical advice, an international group of health specialists advise on the avoidance and management of childhood obesity. They look at key risk areas such as early sedentary behaviour, parental influences and underlying medical causes, and also investigate practical interventions including advice during pregnancy, parenting strategies, and prevention during pre-school and the early school years. This practical handbook contains vital information and advice for all nutritionists and dietitians working with young children and families. It will also be a valuable text for health visitors, paediatricians and general practitioners, and students of nutrition and dietetics specialising in paediatric nutrition. Key features: Only practitioner handbook dedicated to the early years of childhood as the key to ensuring healthy weight in later life Covers pregnancy through to pre-school and early school years interventions Also addresses the social and psychological issues that underpin nutritional problems International group of expert authors consider the issue across the developed world Case studies in each chapter illustrate the application of theory to practice
Download or read book Environmental Influences on Dietary Intake of Children and Adolescents written by Jessica S. Gubbels and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood is a crucial period for establishing lifelong healthy nutritional habits. The environment has an important influence on children’s dietary intake. This book focuses on the influence of environmental factors on the dietary intake of children and adolescents (0–18 years of age) within various settings including home, early care and education, school, college, holiday clubs, neighborhoods, and supermarkets. The reported studies examine a variety of factors within these settings, including the influence of cooking and parenting, teacher style, resources and barriers within various settings, marketing, and many other factors. The dietary intake behaviors examined include snacking, fruit and vegetable intake, beverage intake, and also nutrition in general. In addition, several papers focus on problems caused by inadequate nutrition, such as hunger and obesity. This work underlines the importance of the environment in influencing children’s and adolescents’ dietary intake. In addition, the papers identified some crucial barriers and facilitators for the implementation of environmental changes to enable a healthy diet for young children. Therefore, it provides some important directions for both future research and practice.
Download or read book Catalog written by Food and Nutrition Information Center (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Discovering Nutrition written by Paul M. Insel and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discovering Nutrition, Fourth Edition is a student-friendly introduction to nutrition on a non-majors level. Coverage of material such as digestion, metabolism, chemistry, and life cycle nutrition is clearly written, accessible, and engaging to undergraduate students. Includes new section on diet and health, including obesity and physical activity.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Infant and Early Childhood Development written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-03-13 with total page 1919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Infant and Early Childhood Development, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive entry point into the existing literature on child development in the fields of psychology, genetics, neuroscience and sociology. Featuring 171 chapters, across 3 volumes, this work helps readers understand these developmental changes, when they occur, why they occur, how they occur, and the factors that influence development. Although some medical information is included, the emphasis lies mainly in normal growth, primarily from a psychological perspective. Comprehensive and in-depth scholarly articles cover theoretical, applied and basic science topics, providing an interdisciplinary approach. All articles have been completely updated, making this resource ideal for a wide range of readers, including advanced undergraduate and graduate students, researchers and clinicians in developmental psychology, medicine, nursing, social science and early childhood education. Cutting-edge content that cover the period of neonates to age three Organized alphabetically by topic for ease of reference Provides in-depth scholarly articles, covering theoretical, applied and basic science Includes suggested readings at the end of each article
