Download or read book The Effect of N 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Post exercise Immune Function and Oxidative Stress written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endurance exercise can affect immune function and eccentric exercise can result in increased oxidative stress. Fish oil has anti-inflammatory properties, and can be beneficial in conditions such as cardiovascular disease and may also modulate immune and oxidative responses to exercise. However, the effects of fish oil supplementation on immune function and oxidative stress after an exercise bout are currently unknown. This thesis investigated the effect of supplementation with fish oil capsules on the immune response to a bout of endurance exercise and on markers of oxidative stress following a bout of eccentric exercise. In the first study, sixteen males underwent 6 week's supplementation with either fish oil or placebo followed by an endurance exercise bout. Blood samples were taken pre-exercise, immediately, 1h and 3h post-exercise. Samples were analysed for a range of immune and inflammatory markers. Fish oil increased PBMC IL-2 and NK cell function compared to control in the recovery period. In the second study, twenty males underwent 6 week's supplementation with either fish oil or placebo followed by a bout of eccentric exercise. Blood samples were taken pre-exercise and immediately, 24h, 48h and 72h post-exercise. Samples were analysed for a range of markers of oxidative stress and muscle damage. Fish oil decreased plasma TBARS and DNA damage in the days following the exercise bout. This thesis demonstrates that fish oil supplementation increases PBMC IL-2 production and NK cell activity in the recovery period after a bout of endurance exercise and also reduces plasma TBARS and induced DNA damage after a bout of eccentric exercise. These results show that fish oil can protect against infection with URTI in the recovery period following exercise and may also protect against exercise-induced oxidative stress. However, this may also inhibit any oxidative stress-mediated adaptation to exercise.

Download or read book Latest Findings Of Omega 3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids From Molecular Mechanisms To New Applications In Health And Diseases written by Maricela Rodriguez Cruz and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This E-book covers the main aspects about the benefits of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) to human health. The knowledge of physiological effects of LC-PUFAs at different levels is constantly expanding. Topics covered over 10 chapters thoroughly detail the role of omega-3 LCPUFAs in nutrition (gene regulation) and disease (clinical applications); information about food sources and recent intake recommendations is also explained. This book also discusses current data concerning the role of LC-PUFAs during pregnancy and lactation, in cognitive function, immune response.

Download or read book Omega 3 Fatty Acids written by Mahabaleshwar V. Hegde and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume argues for the importance of essential nutrients in our diet. Over the last two decades there has been an explosion of research on the relationship of Omega-3 fatty acids and the importance of antioxidants to human health. Expert authors discuss the importance of a diet rich in Omega-3 Fatty acids for successful human growth and development and for the prevention of disease. Chapters highlight their contribution to the prevention and amelioration of a wide range of conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, cancer, obesity, mental health and bone health. An indispensable text designed for nutritionists, dietitians, clinicians and health related professionals, Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Keys to Nutritional Health presents a comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge about the nutritional effects of Omega-3 fatty acids and their delivery in foods.

Download or read book Exercise Immunology written by Bente Klarlund Pedersen and published by . This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition written by Manfred Lamprecht and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of antioxidants in sports is controversial due to existing evidence that they both support and hinder athletic performance. Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition covers antioxidant use in the athlete ́s basic nutrition and discusses the controversies surrounding the usefulness of antioxidant supplementation. The book also stresses how antioxidants may affect immunity, health, and exercise performance. The book contains scientifically based chapters explaining the basic mechanisms of exercise-induced oxidative damage. Also covered are methodological approaches to assess the effectiveness of antioxidant treatment. Biomarkers are discussed as a method to estimate the bioefficacy of dietary/supplemental antioxidants in sports. This book is useful for sport nutrition scientists, physicians, exercise physiologists, product developers, sport practitioners, coaches, top athletes, and recreational athletes. In it, they will find objective information and practical guidance.

Download or read book Omega 3 Fatty Acids in Health and Disease written by Lindsay Brown and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Health and Disease" that was published in JCM

Download or read book Intravenous Lipid Emulsions written by P.C. Calder and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2014-11-26 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lipids have been in clinical use as components of intravenous nutrition for over 50 years. Over the last 15 years, new and improved lipids that include olive oil and/or fish oil have replaced the more traditional ones. These new lipids offer the opportunity to deliver high amounts of fatty acids and possess different functional properties: in particular, they can influence inflammatory processes, immune responses and hepatic metabolism. This book brings together articles written by leading international authorities in the area of intravenous lipids. Contributions discuss the latest findings in the field, ranging from pre-clinical research to the most recent clinical trials. Lipid functionality and utility in pediatric, adult surgical and critically ill patients are covered, as is the use of lipids in long-term home parenteral nutrition. Addressing a broad spectrum of topics, this publication provides a wealth of information for basic scientists, clinical researchers and clinical practitioners alike.

Download or read book Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-13 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.

Download or read book Effects of N 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Physiological Strain During Endurance Exercise in the Heat and on Skeletal Muscle Efficiency written by Olivia Maclaren and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book N 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Natural Antioxidants written by Heggadadevanakote Doreswamy Ramachandran and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative stress has been implicated as the major causative factor in the etiology of life-threatning diseases namely atherosclerosis, cancer and the like.The reactive oxygen species (ROS) released during this condition bring about peroxidation of lipid which in turn lead to a cascade of destructive mechanisms ultimately leading to cell death. Although internally present enzymes and externally supplied synthesis antioxidants are capable of counteracting this condition, their short comings include restricted turnover and undesired side- effects, respectively. Thus, the role of n-3 PUFA in combination with naturally present phytochemicals was evaluated in alleviating conditions of oxidative stress in animal models-rats as well as gerbils, whose lipid metabolism mechanism is close to humans when compared to rats. This book will prove to be a good read for academicians, researchers and even entrepreneurs involved in the field of nutrition & medicine, not withstanding biochemistry.

Download or read book Nutrition and Physical Activity in Inflammatory Diseases written by Manohar L. Garg and published by CABI. This book was released on 2013 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Certain nutrients and physical activity can significantly alter immune function and inflammation. Targeted interventions may be an effective and inexpensive means to improve the inflammation and immune dysfunction associated with chronic diseases. This book defines the relevant underlying biological mechanisms and strengthens our understanding of how nutrients and physical activity impact inflammatory diseases. A useful reference for researchers and students of nutrition, physiology and sports science, it explores the unique aspects of inflammation induced by nutritional deficiencies or activity levels, and their interrelationship.

Download or read book Exploration of the Physiological Effects of Exercise in Cardiovascular Diseases written by Markos Klonizakis and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book N 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Differentially Enhance B cell Mediated Immunity in Lean and Obese Mice written by Heather L. Teague and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are bioactive n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in fish oil that exert immunomodulatory effects. The general paradigm suggests n-3 PUFAs exert immunosuppressive effects, however, the role of n-3 PUFAs on B-cell mediated immunity is understudied. We first tested the hypothesis that n-3 PUFAs would suppress B-cell activation and antigen presentation. The functional changes n-3 PUFAs exert on B cells were determined and compared to dendritic cells (DC). Initially, we established n-3 PUFAs increased cytokine production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated B cells ex vivo relative to the control. In contrast, n-3 PUFAs decreased DC activation with LPS by reducing cytokine secretion and decreasing surface expression of costimulatory molecules. The antigen presentation assays revealed n-3 PUFAs decreased IL-2 secretion from CD4+ T cells when B cells presented antigen compared to the control. In comparison, only CD69 surface expression on CD4+ T cells decreased when n-3 PUFA treated DCs presented the antigen compared to the control. Mechanistically, we investigated changes in lipid microdomain clustering on B cells and DCs induced by n-3 PUFAs to determine if the observed functional changes correlated with membrane changes. N-3 PUFAs diminished lipid microdomain clustering on the B-cell surface, but had no effect on DCs. We then relied on a lean and obese murine model to determine if the functional enhancement of B cells observed ex vivo were recapitulated in vivo. N-3 PUFAs increased serum IgM levels compared to controls when stimulated by a T-independent antigen. Additionally, n-3 PUFAs supplemented to an obesogenic diet rescued the decrement in serum IgM levels observed with the obesogenic diet compared to the lean control. Considering the limitations of fish oil, we investigated the effects of the clinically relevant EPA and DHA ethyl esters on antibody production in an obese murine model. EPA and DHA differentially increased ex vivo B-cell activation, in vivo natural serum IgM and cecal IgA compared to controls. Altogether, the data show n-3 PUFAs boost immune responses from B cells, which challenges the current notion about n-3 PUFAs, and has clinical implications for immunocompromised populations, such as the obese.

Download or read book Exercise Immunology written by Michael Gleeson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-26 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exercise immunology is an important, emerging sub-discipline within exercise physiology, concerned with the relationship between exercise, immune function and infection risk. This book offers a comprehensive, up-to-date and evidence-based introduction to exercise immunology, including the physiological and molecular mechanisms that determine immune function and the implications for health and performance in sport and everyday life. Written by a team of leading exercise physiologists, the book describes the characteristics of the immune system and how its components are organised to form an immune response. It explains the physiological basis of the relationship between stress, physical activity, immune function and infection risk, and identifies the ways in which exercise and nutrition interact with immune function in athletes and non-athletes. The book shows students how to evaluate the strengths and limitations of the evidence linking physical activity, immune system integrity and health, and explains why exercise is associated with anti-inflammatory effects that are potentially beneficial to long-term health. Every chapter includes useful features, such as clear summaries, definitions of key terms, discussions of seminal research studies and practical guidelines for athletes on ways to minimise infection risk, with additional learning resources available on a companion website. This is an essential textbook for any course on exercise immunology or advanced exercise physiology.

Download or read book Effect of N 3 and N 6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Inflammation written by Tao Xu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has changed drastically in the past century in the American diet has received attention due to potential effects on chronic inflammation-related metabolic diseases. In this project, the effects of dietary PUFA content and the n-6 to n-3 ratio on inflammatory responses in the acute and chronic inflammation models were evaluated. The PUFA content was modified on a Western diet background to deliver both n-6 and n-3 intakes at the 10th and 90th percentile of the population in the United States, and models of acute and chronic inflammation were tested in mice model. The experimental PUFA diets had a modest effect on the response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the acute inflammation model. A high n-6 to n-3 ratio promoted lipogenesis. In addition, high n-6 PUFA enhanced the inflammatory responses via the NF-ÎðB pathway. In chronic inflammation model, low-grade inflammatory stress was induced by osmotic mini-pump delivery of LPS. A high n-6 intake increased glucose intolerance. On the other hand, high n-6 intake promotes cholesterol ester accumulation in both acute and chronic inflammation models.

Download or read book The Effect of Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation on Lipid Composition Oxidative Stress and Aldehyde Concentrations in Rat Liver and Brain written by Imran Malik and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), due to their multiple carbon-carbon double bonds, react readily with ROS in a process termed lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation generates a number of potentially harmful secondary products, including the aldehydes ethanal, propanal, and hexanal. Indeed, raised aldehyde levels have been associated with various diseases, including cancer, leading researchers to consider them as potential diagnostic markers. However the abundance of their fatty acid precursors is dependent on dietary intake. As such, tissue aldehyde content may be diet-dependent, reducing their desirability as markers. To investigate this I fed 32 male Wistar rats diets containing 90% fat-free rat chow, 9% palm oil (mostly saturated fat), and 1% omega-3 fatty acid (EPA, DHA, ALA) for 8 weeks. The different diets resulted in changed fatty acid lipid composition in rat brain and liver. Compared to controls, DHA and EPA diets decreased liver arachidonic acid levels by 10%, while increasing levels of EPA and DHA by 7-11%. A similar effect was seen in brain lipid composition, although the changes, while statistically significant, weren't as pronounced. In brain lipids, feeding omega-3 PUFA did not lead to great changes in their concentrations, while DHA was found to be maintained at high levels even in the absence of any omega-3 PUFA in the diet. However, selected ion flow mass-spectrometry (SIFT-MS) analysis of the rat livers and brains suggests that diet does not significantly affect the concentrations of various aldehydes (P>0.05), or overall levels of oxidative stress (as measured by TBARS assays) in liver or brain (P>0.05). My results suggest that volatile aldehydes may represent a useful marker for oxidative stress with potential applications in a variety of common disorders."--Abstract.

Download or read book Introduction to Human Nutrition written by Michael J. Gibney and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this Second Edition of the introductory text in the acclaimed Nutrition Society Textbook Series, Introduction to Human Nutrition has been revised and updated to meet the needs of the contemporary student. Groundbreaking in their scope and approach, the titles in the series: Provide students with the required scientific basics of nutrition in the context of a systems and health approach Enable teachers and students to explore the core principles of nutrition, to apply these throughout their training, and to foster critical thinking at all times. Throughout, key areas of knowledge are identified Are fully peer reviewed, to ensure completeness and clarity of content, as well as to ensure that each book takes a global perspective Introduction to Human Nutrition is an essential purchase for undergraduate and postgraduate students of nutrition/nutrition and dietetics degrees, and also for those students who major in other subjects that have a nutrition component, such as food science, medicine, pharmacy and nursing. Professionals in nutrition, dietetics, food science, medicine, health sciences and many related areas will also find much of great value within this book.