Download or read book The Effect of Jet Mixing on the Combustion Efficiency of a Hot Fuel rich Cross flow written by Mohamed Boutazakhti and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many combustion systems inject air into a hot fuel-rich cross-flow to minimize carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon emissions. Examples include staged air injection in fluidized bed combustors, gas turbine engines, and electric arc furnace exhaust afterburners. Low CO and unburnt hydrocarbon emissions are important design objectives. Efforts in modeling combustion have failed in accurately predicting the levels of these emissions. The main aim of this study is to improve our understanding of the relationship between mixing, chemical kinetics, and combustion efficiency for air jets in a hot reacting cross-flow. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen concentration measurements have been made for six different round jet configurations issuing air into a hot reacting cross-flow. The study of the performance of four different 9 round jets modules having different jet diameters indicated that the overall equivalence ratio has a significant effect on the maximum combustion efficiency. An equivalence ratio of approximately 0.8 leads to the best combustion efficiency for all of the 9 round jet modules. This result is similar to what is observed in premixed combustion. The predominance of the effect of the equivalence ratio suggests that some premixing between the jets and the cross-flow takes place prior to combustion. The rest of the experiments were run such that the optimum mixing (according to cold flow theory) occurs at [Phi] = 0.8. The experiments also showed that, although the equivalence ratio does not control the location of the optimum point, it does affect the level of emissions. In fact, at constant equivalence ratio, low momentum flux ratios yield higher emissions. The number of jets affects the level of emissions. Larger number of jets provided better combustion efficiency. The unmixedness was measured for the 18 round jets module. This measurement showed the momentum flux ratio is a driving factor affecting mixing. The comparison of the combustion efficiency of H2 and CO suggest that the reaction rate affect the level of combustion efficiency without affecting the location of the optimum.
Download or read book The Effect of Jet Mixing on the Combustion Efficiency of a Hot Fuel rich Cross flow written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mixing of Pure Air Jets with a Reacting Fuel Rich Crossflow written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Jet Injection Angle and Number of Jets on Mixing and Emissions from a Reacting Crossflow at Atmospheric Pressure written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-09-26 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mixing of air jets into hot, fuel-rich products of a gas turbine primary zone is an important step in staged combustion. Often referred to as "quick quench," the mixing occurs with chemical conversion and substantial heat release. An experiment has been designed to simulate and study this process, and the effect of varying the entry angle (0 deg, 22.5 deg and 45 deg from normal) and number of the air jets (7, 9, and 11) into the main flow, while holding the jet-to-crossflow mass-low ratio, MR, and momentum-flux ratio, J, constant (MR = 2.5;J = 25). The geometry is a crossflow confined in a cylindrical duct with side-wall injection of jets issuing from orifices equally spaced around the perimeter. A specially designed reactor, operating on propane, presents a uniform mixture to a module containing air jet injection tubes that can be changed to vary orifice geometry. Species concentrations of O2, CO, CO2, NO(x) and HC were obtained one duct diameter upstream (in the rich zone), and primarily one duct radius downstream. From this information, penetration of the jet, the spatial extent of chemical reaction, mixing, and the optimum jet injection angle and number of jets can be deduced. St.John, D. and Samuelsen, G. S. Glenn Research Center NASA/CR-2000-209949, E-12202, NAS 1.26:209949
Download or read book The Effect of Air Preheat at Atmospheric Pressure on the Formation of NO x in the Quick Mix Sections of an Axially Staged Combustor written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Flow Coupling Effects in Jet in crossflow Flowfields written by D. B. Bain and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimization of Jet Mixing Into a Rich Reacting Crossflow written by M. Y. Leong and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Fluid Dynamics written by Richard W. Johnson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-06 with total page 1544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Fluid Dynamics offers balanced coverage of the three traditional areas of fluid dynamics—theoretical, computational, and experimental—complete with valuable appendices presenting the mathematics of fluid dynamics, tables of dimensionless numbers, and tables of the properties of gases and vapors. Each chapter introduces a different fluid dynamics topic, discusses the pertinent issues, outlines proven techniques for addressing those issues, and supplies useful references for further research. Covering all major aspects of classical and modern fluid dynamics, this fully updated Second Edition: Reflects the latest fluid dynamics research and engineering applications Includes new sections on emerging fields, most notably micro- and nanofluidics Surveys the range of numerical and computational methods used in fluid dynamics analysis and design Expands the scope of a number of contemporary topics by incorporating new experimental methods, more numerical approaches, and additional areas for the application of fluid dynamics Handbook of Fluid Dynamics, Second Edition provides an indispensable resource for professionals entering the field of fluid dynamics. The book also enables experts specialized in areas outside fluid dynamics to become familiar with the field.
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mixing of pure air jets with a reacting fuel rich crossflow written by M. Y. Leong and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Combustion Technology written by Debi Prasad Mishra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-10-24 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume on combustion technology covers recent developments and provides a broad perspective of the key challenges in this emerging field. Divided into two sections, the first one covers micro-combustion systems, hydrogen combustors, combustion systems for gas turbines and IC engines, coal combustors for power plants and gasifier systems. The second section focusses on combustion systems pertaining to aerospace including supersonic combustors, rocket engines and gel propellant combustion. Issues related to energy producing devices in power generation, process industries and aerospace vehicles and efficient and eco-friendly combustion technologies are also explained. Features: Provides comprehensive coverage of recent advances in combustion technology Explains definite concepts about the design and development in combustion systems Captures developments relevant for the aerospace area including gel propellant, aluminium-based propellants, gasification and gas turbines Aims to introduce the combustion system in different industries Expounds novel combustion systems with reference to pertinent renewable technologies This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in chemical, mechanical and aerospace engineering, energy and environmental engineering, and thermal engineering. This book is also aimed at practicing engineers and decision makers in industry and research labs, and petroleum utilization.
Download or read book Influence of Geometry and Flow Variation on Jet Mixing and No Formation in a Model Staged Combustor Mixer with Eight Orifices written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by . This book was released on 2018-11-22 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of non-reacting parametric experiments was conducted to investigate the effect of geometric and flow variations on mixing of cold jets in an axis-symmetric, heated cross flow. The confined, cylindrical geometries tested represent the quick mix region of a Rich-Burn/Quick-Mix/Lean-Burn (RQL) combustor. The experiments show that orifice geometry and jet to mainstream momentum-flux ratio significantly impact the mixing characteristic of jets in a cylindrical cross stream. A computational code was used to extrapolate the results of the non-reacting experiments to reacting conditions in order to examine the nitric oxide (NO) formation potential of the configurations examined. The results show that the rate of NO formation is highest immediately downstream of the injection plane. For a given momentum-flux ratio, the orifice geometry that mixes effectively in both the immediate vicinity of the injection plane, and in the wall regions at downstream locations, has the potential to produce the lowest NO emissions. The results suggest that further study may not necessarily lead to a universal guideline for designing a low NO mixer. Instead, an assessment of each application may be required to determine the optimum combination of momentum-flux ratio and orifice geometry to minimize NO formation. Experiments at reacting conditions are needed to verify the present results. Samuelsen, G. S. and Sowa, W. A. and Hatch, M. S. Glenn Research Center JET MIXING FLOW; NITRIC OXIDE; GAS TURBINE ENGINES; FLOW GEOMETRY; CROSS FLOW; SUPERSONIC COMBUSTION; ORIFICES; FLOW DISTRIBUTION; MOMENTUM; COLD GAS; OZONE DEPLETION; FLOW VISUALIZATION; TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT; ASPECT RATIO; MASS RATIOS; TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT; FLUID JETS; SLOTS; CIVIL AVIATION; COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; HOLE DISTRIBUTION (MECHANICS)...
Download or read book 85 1301 AIAA 85 1350 written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Jet Mixing in a Reacting Cylindrical Crossflow written by M. Y. Leong and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Flow Field and Mixing Characteristics of Multiple Reacting Jets in Vitiated Crossflow written by George M. Lapaan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
