Download or read book Temporal and Cropping System Effects on Labile Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Pools in Long term Agroecosystems written by Kalyn M. Diederich and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Management Effects on Labile Organic Carbon Pools in a Texas Cotton cropping System written by Scott Michael Kolodziej and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well documented that increases in soil organic matter (SOM) improve soil physical properties and increase the overall fertility and sustainability of the soil. Research in SOM storage has recently amplified following the proposal that agricultural soils may provide a significant carbon (C) sink that may aid in the mitigation of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Observed differences in lint yield and nitrogen response from a cotton performance study at the Texas A & M University Experimental Farm near College Station, TX prompted us to examine the effects of tillage and rotation on soil organic C (SOC), soil microbial biomass C (SMBC), 38-day cumulative C mineralization (38-day CMIN), hot-water extractable organic C (hot-WEOC), carbohydrate C, and total glomalin. The treatments examined included conventional-till continuous cotton (CT), reduced-till continuous cotton (RT), and conventional-till cotton after corn rotation (CC) treatments. In pre-plant soil samples, SOC, SMBC, and 38-day CMIN in the top 5 cm were 33, 58, and 79 % greater in RT and 29, 32, and 36 % greater in CC vs. CT. Comparable differences were observed for hot-WEOC and carbohydrate C. Little seasonal variation was observed for labile-C pools throughout the growing season, suggesting minimal C input from cotton roots. Water-stable aggregation was not significantly affected by management, and did not correlate with labile-C pools or total glomalin. Labile-C pools were generally more responsive to management vs. SOC and were strongly correlated with one another. Carbohydrate C of hot-water extracts exhibited the strongest relationships with SMBC and 38-day CMIN, even though it comprised only 3 and 5 % of these pools, respectively. Our data suggest that increasing SOC in Texas cotton-cropping systems through conservation management is possible. Long-term data are still needed to fully address SOC storage potentials in Texas, but increases in labile-C pools resulting from conservation management are attainable and have the potential to positively impact soil fertility.
Download or read book Linking Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling to Plant soil microbial Interactions at the Field Soil Pedon and Micro scales Within Long term Conventional Low input and Organic Cropping Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the greatly increased productive capacity of current-day cropping systems, the shortcomings associated with conventional, high-intensity cropping systems and the growing threat of global climate change, warrant the identification of crop management practices that promote long-term agricultural sustainability and productivity. Unlike conventional cropping practices, which include synthetic nitrogen and pesticide use, alternative crop management practices, e.g., cover cropping, tillage reduction, organic amendment additions, and reducing or eliminating synthetic fertilizer use, have emerged as integrated and ecologically sound approaches to enhance agroecosystem functioning and services. Yet, mechanisms governing the differences in soil quality and crop yields among alternative cropping systems and conventional systems remain unclear. The aim of this dissertation study was to understand and quantify the mechanisms governing the relationship between carbon and nitrogen cycling and the interactions between plants, soil, and microorganisms within long-term conventional (annual synthetic fertilizer), low-input (alternating synthetic fertilizer and cover crop additions), and organic (annual manure- and cover crop additions) cropping systems, at the field-, soil pedon-, and micro-scales. A multi-scaled approach, including agronomic experiments, stable isotopes (13C and 15N), soil fractionation techniques, and microbiological analyses (e.g., functional gene quantification and phospholipid fatty acid assays), was employed to study mechanisms of soil carbon and nitrogen stabilization and loss and to draw links between microbial populations and carbon and nitrogen processing across different agroecosystems. Data from this research only partly corroborated the global hypothesis: the effects of long-term, low-input crop management enhance microbial-mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in different soil microenvironments and optimize the balance between carbon and nitrogen stabilization and loss compared to the conventional and organic cropping systems. Only a weak relationship between short-term microbial community structure and long-term carbon and nitrogen sequestration was found across the three cropping systems. The conclusion drawn is that the effects of long-term crop management are dictated by complex trade-offs between soil carbon and nitrogen stabilization, microbial abundance and activity, nitrogen losses, crop productivity, and the quantity and quality of carbon and nitrogen inputs in alternative cropping systems.
Download or read book Soil Health Analysis Set written by Douglas L. Karlen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-13 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 1 briefly reviews selected “Approaches to Soil Health Analysis” including a brief history of the concept, challenges and opportunities, meta-data and assessment, applications to forestry and urban land reclamation, and future soil health monitoring and evaluation approaches. Volume 2 focuses on “Laboratory Methods for Soil Health Analysis” including an overview and suggested analytical approaches intended to provide meaningful, comparable data so that soil health can be used to guide restoration and protection of our global soil resources.
Download or read book Soil Management and Greenhouse Effect written by John M. Kimble and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil Management and Greenhouse Effect focuses on proper management of soils and its effects on global change, specifically, the greenhouse effect. It contains up-to-date information on a broad range of important soil management topics, emphasizing the critical role of soil for carbon storage. Sequestration and emission of carbon and other gases are examined in various ecosystems, in both natural and managed environments, to provide a comprehensive overview. This useful reference includes chapters that address policy issues, as well as research and development priorities. The material in this volume is valuable not only to soil scientists but to the entire environmental science community.
Download or read book Effect of Cropping Systems on Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen Dehydrogenase Activity and Fixed Ammonium in Soils written by Jennifer Marie Moore and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable agriculture, including cropping systems, has received considerable attention in recent years. Soil management practices may affect the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils, including microbial biomass C (C[subscript mic]), microbial biomass N (N[subscript mic]), enzyme activities, especially dehydrogenase activity, and (possibly) fixed NH4+. In this work, soil samples were collected in 1996 and 1997 from two long-term cropping systems at the Northeast Research Center (NERC) in Nashua and the Clarion-Webster Research Center (CWRC) in Kanawha, Iowa.
Download or read book Sustainable Cropping Systems written by Jeffrey A. Coulter and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global crop production must substantially increase to meet the needs of a rapidly growing population. This is constrained by the availability of nutrients, water, and land. There is also an urgent need to reduce the negative environmental impacts of crop production. Collectively, these issues represent one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. Sustainable cropping systems based on ecological principles are the core of integrated approaches to solve this critical challenge. This special issue provides an international basis for revealing the underlying mechanisms of sustainable cropping systems to drive agronomic innovations. It includes review and original research articles that report novel scientific findings on improvement in cropping systems related to crop yields and their resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, resource use efficiency, environmental impact, sustainability, and ecosystem services.
Download or read book The Effects of Cover Cropping on Labile Nitrogen and Carbon Pools in Soil written by Kavya Krishnan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Long term Cropping System and Nitrogen Management Effects on Soil Properties written by Clay A. Robinson and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cropping Systems written by Johanna G. Hodges and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a discussion on the applications, management and impact of cropping systems. Chapter One reviews the possibility of using intercropping, especially strip intercropping, as an effective and economically efficient crop biofortification. Chapter Two evaluates phosphorus dynamics in the soil-plant system under different management practices in the semiarid land of Pampas, Argentina. Chapter Three focuses on long-term winter wheat cropping and it's influence on soil quality and yield stability. Chapter Four examines gender-based socio-economic characteristics of cassava farmers; gender-based climate change awareness of cassava farmers; gender-based cassava farmers' constraints to climate change adaptation and examines the factors influencing gender-based cassava farmers' choice of adaptation strategies in the study area. Chapter Five studies the increased soil fertility in a long-term rice-oilseed rape cropping system and its potential roles in reducing nitrogen inputs and in the environment.
Download or read book The Canadian System of Soil Classification written by Canadian Agricultural Services Coordinating Committee. Soil Classification Working Group and published by NRC Research Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This treatise begins with an introduction on the history of soil classification in Canada and discussion of the rationale for soil taxonomy. It then defines such terms as soil, pedon, and soil horizons before outlining the classification system along with identification keys. Chapters 4 through 13 describe the characteristics of the various soil orders and include information on distinguishing soils of one order from soils of other orders. Chapter 14 outlines criteria & guidelines used in differentiating classes in soil families and soil series categories. Chapter 15 provides information on distinguishing soil phases. Chapter 16 correlates Canadian soil taxonomy with other classification systems. Chapter 17 summarizes the main terminology used to describe soils at the landscape and pedon scales. The final chapter provides a system of landform classification for soil mapping.
Download or read book Long term Comparison of Nitrogen Use in Cropping Systems with Different Nitrogen Sources in a Mediterranean Climate written by Kathleen Marie Reed and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Hitchhiker s Guide to Statistics in Plant Biology written by Stephen R. Bowley and published by Guelph, Ont. : Any Old Subject Books. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil Management and Climate Change written by Maria Angeles Munoz and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-10-16 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil Management and Climate Change: Effects on Organic Carbon, Nitrogen Dynamics, and Greenhouse Gas Emissions provides a state of the art overview of recent findings and future research challenges regarding physical, chemical and biological processes controlling soil carbon, nitrogen dynamic and greenhouse gas emissions from soils. This book is for students and academics in soil science and environmental science, land managers, public administrators and legislators, and will increase understanding of organic matter preservation in soil and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. Given the central role soil plays on the global carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles and its impact on greenhouse gas emissions, there is an urgent need to increase our common understanding about sources, mechanisms and processes that regulate organic matter mineralization and stabilization, and to identify those management practices and processes which mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, helping increase organic matter stabilization with suitable supplies of available N. Provides the latest findings about soil organic matter stabilization and greenhouse gas emissions Covers the effect of practices and management on soil organic matter stabilization Includes information for readers to select the most suitable management practices to increase soil organic matter stabilization
Download or read book Effect of Long term Cropping Systems on Organic Matter and Nitrogen Contents Aggregation Bulk Density and Water holding Capacity of Soil written by Pir Muhammad Azizi and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Techniques in Microbial Ecology written by Robert S. Burlage and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial ecology is one of the fastest growing fields of microbiology. This practical volume is the bench and field scientist's guide to well-established techniques for investigating microbial communities. Both for biologists just entering the field and for experienced researchers wishingto explore new areas, this book provides the theoretical background, detailed protocols, and tips from experts for working in this field. Chapters on bacteria with interesting metabolic traits are augmented with chapters on molecular techniques, lipid analysis, and appropriate sampling techniques.The final section includes up-to-date information on biofilm development and study, the science and practice of bioremediation, modeling of biological systems (including the most useful statistical parameters), and the study of phylogenetics.
Download or read book The Role of Aggregate Dynamics in the Relationship Between Carbon Stabilization and Carbon Input Within Agroecosystems written by Angela Yin Yee Kong and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
