Download or read book Coal written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-12-21 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal will continue to provide a major portion of energy requirements in the United States for at least the next several decades. It is imperative that accurate information describing the amount, location, and quality of the coal resources and reserves be available to fulfill energy needs. It is also important that the United States extract its coal resources efficiently, safely, and in an environmentally responsible manner. A renewed focus on federal support for coal-related research, coordinated across agencies and with the active participation of the states and industrial sector, is a critical element for each of these requirements. Coal focuses on the research and development needs and priorities in the areas of coal resource and reserve assessments, coal mining and processing, transportation of coal and coal products, and coal utilization.
Download or read book To Save the Land and People written by Chad Montrie and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2003-11-20 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface coal mining has had a dramatic impact on the Appalachian economy and ecology since World War II, exacerbating the region's chronic unemployment and destroying much of its natural environment. Here, Chad Montrie examines the twentieth-century movement to outlaw surface mining in Appalachia, tracing popular opposition to the industry from its inception through the growth of a militant movement that engaged in acts of civil disobedience and industrial sabotage. Both comprehensive and comparative, To Save the Land and People chronicles the story of surface mining opposition in the whole region, from Pennsylvania to Alabama. Though many accounts of environmental activism focus on middle-class suburbanites and emphasize national events, the campaign to abolish strip mining was primarily a movement of farmers and working people, originating at the local and state levels. Its history underscores the significant role of common people and grassroots efforts in the American environmental movement. This book also contributes to a long-running debate about American values by revealing how veneration for small, private properties has shaped the political consciousness of strip mining opponents.
Download or read book Surface Coal Mining Reclamation written by United States. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Coal Mining written by Anu K. Mittal and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface mining for coal in Appalachia has generated opposition because rock and dirt from mountaintops is removed and placed in valleys and streams. The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM) and states regulate these mines. Mine operators must provide financial assurances to allow mines to be reclaimed. This report examined: (1) the approaches OSM and the states have taken to obtain financial assurances for surface coal mines with valley fills; (2) fed. and state agencies' monitoring of these mines after reclamation and mitigation are complete; and (3) the fed. laws agencies may use, and have used, to address latent environ. problems. The report gathered info. from agencies in KY, TN, VA, and WV. Illus. This is a print on demand report.
Download or read book Surface Coal Mining Characteristics of Mining in Mountainous Areas of Kentucky and West Virginia written by Robin M. Nazzaro and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface coal mining in the mountainous areas of Appalachia generates controversy because of its scale and the post-mining appearance of the land. This report examined the characteristics of: (1) surface coal mining; and (2) reclaimed lands that were disturbed by surface coal mining in the mountainous, eastern part of Kentucky and in West Virginia, where most such mining occurs. Fed. and state law requires mining operators to obtain permits before mining. The permits identify the acres under open permit and how the land will be reclaimed -- including the post-mining land use, whether the approximate original contour of the land will be restored, and the extent to which excess earth, rock, and other materials are placed in nearby valleys. Illustrations.
Download or read book Surface Coal Mining written by U.s. Government Accountability Office and published by . This book was released on 2017-08-17 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface mining for coal in Appalachia has generated opposition because rock and dirt from mountaintops is often removed and placed in nearby valleys and streams. The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM) in the Department of the Interior and states with approved programs regulate these mines under the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA). The Army Corps of Engineers (Corps), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and states also regulate different aspects of coal mining, including the filling of valley streams, under the Clean Water Act. Under SMCRA, mine operators must provide financial assurances sufficient to allow mines to be reclaimed. Under the Clean Water Act, the Corps may require financial assurances that the impact of mines on streams can be mitigated. GAO was asked to examine (1) the approaches OSM, the states, and the Corps have taken to obtain financial assurances for surface coal mines with valley fills; (2) federal and state agencies' monitoring of these mines after reclamation and mitigation are complete; and (3) the federal laws agencies may use, and have used, to address latent environmental problems. GAO gathered information from state and federal agencies in Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, and West...
Download or read book Physical Environment and Geohydrologic Effects of Surface Coal Mining in West Central Indiana written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Remediation of Abandoned Surface Coal Mining Sites written by Alena Mudroch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Christopher Kennedy University of Toronto, Department of Civil Engineering, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S IA4 Coal is a valuable resource. It provides a significant amount of the World's energy supply and it is the basis for many industries. However, in areas where coal lies close to the Earth's surface and has been exploited by open cast tech niques, radical alterations of landscape and significant impacts on the envi ronment have occurred. This report was prepared to provide guidance to those who are responsible for the prevention of environmental effects from surface mining and for the restoration of the mining areas. Environmental problems of surface coal mining and restoration of the mine sites are discussed in the re port. Particular attention is given to Eastern Europe, which continues to be a major centre of opencast lignite mining. Reclamation of mined lands for for estry, agriculture and wildlife is briefly discussed. However, the shear volume of coal removed from many mines in Eastern Europe is so vast, that there is often insufficient overburden material to refill the pits. Consequently, the main focus of this report is on the creation of lakes in these former surface mines. Many problems have to be overcome in creating healthy lakes for recreation or wildlife. Guidelines for treating water quality problems and further devel opment of lakes are provided. Techniques for dealing with acidic, waters, eutrophication and contamination are discussed.
Download or read book Evaluation of the Environmental Effects of Western Surface Coal Mining written by William Kelly and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Coal Mining in the Northern Great Plains of the Western United States written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Region VIII. and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physical Environment and Geohydrologic Effects of Surface Coal Mining in West central Indiana written by Jeffrey D. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Surface Coal Mining written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Coal Mining Technology written by R. Fung and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 1981 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Excellence in Surface Coal Mining and Reclamation Awards written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Coal Mining Reclamation Equipment and Techniques written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Coal Mining and Reclamation Operations Permanent Regulatory Program written by United States. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Coal Mining Effects on Ground Water Recharge written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1990-02-01 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
