Download or read book Studies on Excitation contraction Coupling in Airway Smooth Muscle written by D. Raeburn and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on Excitation contraction Coupling in Airway Smooth Muscle written by D. Raeburn and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Excitation contraction Coupling in Smooth Muscle written by R. Casteels and published by North-Holland. This book was released on 1977 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Continuum Framework for Modeling the Excitation Contraction Coupling of Smooth Muscle written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quasi steady state Reduction in the Analysis of Biophysical Models and Excitation contraction Coupling in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells written by Sebastian Daniel Boie and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis addresses two topics related to the mathematical modelling of biophysical systems. The rst part of the thesis investigates quasi-steady-state reduction (QSSR), which is a technique commonly used for dimension reduction for systems with multiple timescales. Many biophysical models have the property that some variables in the model evolve much faster than others. A common first step in the analysis of such systems is to simplify the model by assuming that some of the fastest variables equilibrate instantaneously; this approach is known as QSSR. QSSR is intuitively satisfying but is not always mathematically justified, with problems known to arise, for instance, in examples in which the full model has oscillatory solutions. In models with oscillations, a simplification by QSSR may lead to a model with significantly different dynamics compared to the original model. In the first part, we focus on the effect of QSSR on models in which oscillatory solutions arise via one or more Hopf bifurcations. We first illustrate the problems that can arise by applying QSSR to a selection of well-known models. We then prove that Hopf bifurcations that involve fast and slow variables (i.e., singular Hopf bifurcations) are generically preserved under QSSR so long as a fast variable is kept in the simplified system. Furthermore, we argue that Hopf bifurcations that involve only slow variables are not affected by QSSR, and Hopf bifurcations that primarily involve fast variables may be eliminated by QSSR. The persistence of a Hopf bifurcation does not guarantee that the resulting periodic orbits are unchanged by QSSR. We show that the criticality of a Hopf bifurcation may be changed by QSSR, with a resultant change in the stability of periodic orbits near the Hopf bifurcation. Furthermore, we show that QSSR can affect the amplitude and frequency of periodic orbits and introduce or remove homoclinic bifurcations. Finally, we present some guidelines for the application of QSSR if one wishes to use the method while minimising the risk of inadvertently destroying essential features of the original model. In the second part of this thesis we study the feedback between changes in voltage across the plasma membrane and the intracellular Ca2+ handling in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC). ASMC are able to contract, and the contraction can result in pathological airway obstruction in asthma or airway hyperresponsiveness. Contraction of ASMC is induced by an increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Typically, [Ca2+]i oscillates during prolonged smooth muscle contraction and the oscillation frequency affects the strength of contraction. Oscillations of [Ca2+]i result from either depolarization followed by increased [Ca2+]i and calcium-induced Ca2+ release from internal stores, or the binding of an agonist which produces inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate and leads to Ca2+ release from internal stores. Previous models of [Ca2+]i oscillations in ASMC have included the voltage across the plasma membrane as a parameter which modifies the Ca2+ influx [19, 23, 94]. However, evidence suggests that the voltage changes dynamically during [Ca2+]i oscillations [98]. We combine mathematical models of intracellular Ca2+ receptors and plasma membrane channels and use experimental data from mouse lung slices to assess the effect of voltage dynamics on the [Ca2+]i oscillations. Furthermore, we look at the contribution of different Ca2+ channels in the plasma membrane, in particular the voltage-gated and the storeoperated Ca2+ channels. The main results of this part of the thesis are: • Agonist-induced [Ca2+]i oscillations are not significantly affected by changes in voltage. Variations in voltage, due to the intrinsic voltage dynamics, only lead to small modulations of the Ca2+ influxes. • During depolarization-induced [Ca2+]i oscillations the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel contributes most to the Ca2+ influx; during agonist-induced [Ca2+]i oscillations the store-operated Ca2+ channel contributes most to the Ca2+ influx. • During agonist-induced [Ca2+]i oscillations the internal stores do not fully deplete. The Ca2+ concentration in internal stores plateaus near 80% of the resting concentration during agonist-induced oscillations.
Download or read book Excitation contraction Coupling in Skeletal Cardiac and Smooth Muscle written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies of Second Messengers in Contraction of Airway Smooth Muscle written by John Michael Langlands and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on Excitation Contraction Coupling in Muscle written by Dorothy M. Conway and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Smooth Muscle Spontaneous Activity written by Hikaru Hashitani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-10 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the commonality and heterogeneity of the mechanisms underlying smooth muscle spontaneous activity in various smooth muscle organs and in addition discusses their malfunctions in disease and their potential as novel therapeutic targets. To facilitate understanding, the volume is divided into five parts and covers 16 organs: airways, gastrointestinal tract (phasic muscle, tonic muscle), renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra, corporal tissue, prostate, uterus, oviducts, seminal vesicle, artery, vein, microvasculature, and lymphatic vessels. This structure will help readers to comprehend the most up-to-date information on the similarities and differences in the contractile mechanisms driving various smooth muscles as well as their potential manipulations in particular visceral organ pathologies. The vast advancements in gene, electrical recording, and imaging technologies in this field are also discussed, with review of past achievements and consideration of likely future developments. This book will be of worldwide interest to clinicians, students, and researchers alike.
Download or read book Biochemistry of Smooth Muscle Contraction written by Michael Barany and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-01-04 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This valuable resource provides a systematic account of the biochemistry of smooth muscle contraction. As a comprehensive guide to this rapidly growing area of research, it covers the structure and characteristic properties of contractile and regulatory proteins, with special emphasis on their predicted function in the live muscle. Also included in this book are intermediate filament proteins, and desmin and vimentin, whose function in smooth muscle is unknown; and several enzymes involved in the phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of contractile and other proteins.
Download or read book Airway Smooth Muscle written by Devendra K. Agrawal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-10-24 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Airway smooth muscle plays a dominant role in bronchial asthma, as well as a significant role in various pulmonary diseases, such as chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis and emphysema. Myogenic, neurogenic, and humoral factors control airway smooth-muscle tone. This text provides a state-of-the-art summary and critical discussion of airway smooth muscle from a multidisciplinary point of view. Topics discussed include morphology, biochemical regulation, mechanical and electrophysiological behavior and reflex control of smooth muscle; the epithelium-derived relaxing factor; and methods to measure smooth muscle function in vivo in humans and experimental animals, as well as in vitro in isolated airway tissues. Also discussed are calcium and potassium channels and receptors for adrenergic, cholinergic and histaminergic systems in modulating receptor-response coupling in airway smooth muscle. Airway Smooth Muscle: Modulation of Receptors and Response provides essential information for researchers, teachers, pulmonary specialists and allergists, and students interested in learning about airway smooth muscle.
Download or read book Vascular Ion Channels in Physiology and Disease written by Irena Levitan, PhD and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-06 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion channels are the major class of membrane proteins responsible for rapid and regulated transport of ions across biological membranes and for the generation and propagation of electrical signals in the brain, heart, and skeletal and vascular tissues. Ion channels are also known to play critical roles in regulation of cell proliferation, insulin secretion and intracellular signaling in a variety of cell types. This book focuses on the roles of ion channels in vascular tissues under normal and pathological conditions. Vascular abnormalities are known to underlie a plethora of severe pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis, systemic and pulmonary hypertension, coronary or cerebral vasospasm, and diabetes. In addition, misregulated angiogenesis is one of the major contributors to the development of tumors. Therefore, it is clearly imperative to obtain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that contribute to vascular disorders. This book will be the first comprehensive assembly of assays to present the studies that have been done during the last decade to elucidate the roles of ion channels in different vascular diseases.
Download or read book Smooth Muscle Excitation written by T. B. Bolton and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compendium of the latest electrophysiological research on smooth muscles from an international collection of authors. It includes recent discoveries in calcium stores and their relationship to contraction and to electrical changes in the membrane. A major section of the book concentrates on calcium release mechanisms in the cell, their control, and the consequences of calcium release in the cell for membrane events. Smooth Muscle Excitation also covers the effects of chemicals released from adjacent cells. Key Features * State-of-the-art volume that represents a synopsis of all work currently being undertaken in this area throughout the world * Content covers both basic and clinical research * Provides a range of drug development studies * Presents contributions from many internationally recognized smooth muscle physiologists
Download or read book Basic Physiology for Anaesthetists written by David Chambers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-25 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Easily understood, up-to-date and clinically relevant, this book provides junior anaesthetists with an essential physiology resource.
Download or read book Lippincott Illustrated Reviews Physiology written by Robin R. Preston and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2018-12-26 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher's Note: Products purchased from 3rd Party sellers are not guaranteed by the Publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Enhanced by a new chapter, new illustrations, and new Q&As, LIppincott® Illustrated Reviews: Physiology, Second Edition brings physiology clearly into focus, telling the story of who we are; how we live; and, ultimately, how we die. By first identifying organ function and then showing how cells and tissues are designed to fulfill that function, this resource decodes physiology like no other text or review book. Tailored for ease of use and fast content absorption, the book’s outline format, visionary artwork, clinical applications, and unit review questions help students master the most essential concepts in physiology, making it perfect for classroom learning and test and boards preparation.
Download or read book Vascular Pharmacology Cytoskeleton and Extracellular Matrix written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-01-05 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vascular Pharmacology: Cytoskeleton and Extracellular Matrix, Volume 81, contains the latest information on the vascular cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix that is presented with helpful illustrations and supporting references by prominent scientists and highly-recognized experts in the vascular field. Topics of interest in this new release include Pharmacology of the Vascular Cytoskeleton and Extracellular Matrix, The Dynamic Actin Cytoskeleton in Smooth Muscle, The Role of the Actin Cytoskeleton in the Regulation of Vascular Inflammation, The Smoothelin Family of Proteins and the Smooth Muscle Cell Contractile Apparatus, Smooth Muscle Cytoskeletal Network Regulates Expression of the Profibrotic Genes PAI-1 and CTGF, and more. Presents a must-read book on the vascular cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix Contains up-to-date information on the structure, function and development of the vascular cell cytoskeleton Includes contributors from prominent scientists and highly-recognized experts with major accomplishments in the fields of the vascular cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix, mechanotransduction and vascular remodeling
Download or read book Chloride Channels and Carriers in Nerve Muscle and Glial Cells written by F.J. Alvarez-Leefmans and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a book about how Cl- crosses the cell membranes of nerve, muscle, and glial cells. Not so very many years ago, a pamphlet rather than book might have resulted from such an endeavor! One might ask why Cl-, the most abundant biological anion, attracted so little attention from investigators. The main reason was that the prevailing paradigm for cellular ion homeostasis in the 1950s and 1960s assigned Cl- a ther modynamically passive and unspecialized role. This view was particularly prominent among muscle and neuroscience investigators. In searching for reasons for such a negative (no pun intended) viewpoint, it seems to us that it stemmed from two key experimental observations. First, work on frog skeletal muscle showed that Cl- was passively distributed between the cytoplasm and the extracellular fluid. Second, work on Cl- transport in red blood cells confirmed that the Cl- transmembrane distribution was thermodynamically passive and, in addition, showed that Cl- crossed the mem brane extremely rapidly. This latter finding [for a long time interpreted as being the result of a high passive chloride electrical permeability(? CI)] made it quite likely that Cl- would remain at thermodynamic equilibrium. These two observations were gener alized and virtually all cells were thought to have a very high P Cl and a ther modynamically passive Cl- transmembrane distribution. These concepts can still be found in some physiology and neuroscience textbooks.
