Download or read book Structural Transformation Inequality and Inclusive Growth in China written by Yanan Li and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we analyse the relationship between China's structural transformation and the inclusiveness of its economic growth. China's economy has undergone significant structural changes since it initiated the economic reforms in 1978. Economic activities have shifted from the low-productivity agricultural sector to the high-productivity industrial sector and, more recently, the tertiary sector, with a large portion of the labour force moving from rural to urban areas, from inland to coastal regions, and from the public to the private sectors. These changes have only been able to happen because of major reforms to the land system, the Hukou system, the ownership of state-owned enterprises, and trade policies. Despite its great success in poverty reduction, China has witnessed rapidly increasing income inequality which only began to decline in the late 2000s. We analyse the political economy that determined the inclusiveness of the structural transformation. As the economy further transitions into services, the tension between structural transformation and its inclusiveness will depend more on the government's ability to reform the current social security policies and pay more attention to disadvantaged groups.
Download or read book The Developer s Dilemma written by Armida Salsiah Alisjahbana and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-02-09 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Developing countries seek economic development which is broad-based or inclusive in the sense that it raises the income of all, especially the poor. Yet this is at odds with Simon Kuznets' hypothesis that economic development tends to put upward pressure on income inequality, at least initially and in the absence of countervailing policies. The Developer's Dilemma explores this 'Kuznetsian tension' between structural transformation and income inequality. The book asks: what are the varieties of structural transformation that have been experienced in developing countries? What inequality dynamics are associated with each variety of structural transformation? And what policies have been utilized to manage trade-offs between structural transformation, income inequality, and inclusive growth? Across nine country cases written by academics across the Global South, this book answers these questions using a comparative case study approach with a common analytical framework and a set of common datasets. The intended intellectual contribution of the book is to provide a comparative analysis of the relationship between structural transformation, income inequality, and inclusive growth; to do so empirically at a regional and national level, and to draw conclusions about the varieties of structural transformation, their inequality dynamics, and the policies that have been employed to mediate the developer's dilemma.
Download or read book Kuznets beyond Kuznets written by Saumik Paul and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2018-12-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simon Kuznets’ views about the inverted-U relationship between inequality and development and the process of structural transformation have long been under the lens of researchers. Over the last 20 years, immense potential for growth in Asia has been facilitated by structural transformation. However, it remains undecided whether the contribution of structural transformation will stay as a crucial factor in determining potential productivity growth and income distribution. This book brings together novel conceptual frameworks and empirical evidence from country case studies on topics related to structural transformation, globalization, and income inequality.
Download or read book The Quality of Growth and Poverty Reduction in China written by Xiaolin Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid growth over the past three decades has been instrumental in lifting over 600 million people in China out of poverty, and people want to know why and how it happened. International evidence has made it clear that a global economy based on current patterns of consumption and production is simply not sustainable. Policymakers have repeatedly been advised that economic growth, poverty reduction, equity, and environment and resource sustainability must be integrated into national development strategies. What about China? The principle limitation of existing China-focused economic studies lies in its imbalances from the perspective of analysis and the impact of growth on poverty and inequality. A limited number of studies are devoted to structural transformation and China’s structural imbalances, social disparities and the impact of science and technology on growth and productivity. This book addresses the alarming environmental consequences of China’s growth patterns within an overall quality growth framework. It contributes to the economic growth and development literature and current policy discourse on China by expanding the policy analysis to include several important new areas using the most recent data available. This includes analyzing the macroeconomic factors that underlie the need for China to advance its economic transformation; examining how social inequalities, including health, education and gender, have evolved and presenting the scale of environmental problems associated with China’s growth miracle. This report represents the first attempt to integrate the issue of environmental sustainability and climate change into the quality growth context, providing readers with a comprehensive account of China’s success and challenges in its three decades of rapid economic growth.
Download or read book China s Economic Growth Towards Sustainable Economic Development and Social Justice written by John Joshua and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-02 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume book addresses the economic transformation occurring in China at present. The author investigates China's domestic and international policies, the impact of these policies on economic growth, and their effect on the quality of life for the people of China. In the first volume, the author distinguishes between economic growth and sustainable economic development, and discusses China's current and past economic policies towards growth. Chapters also explore the structural transformation of China's economy and its increasingly consumer-oriented nature. The second volume looks more specifically at the result of domestic policies on the quality of life for people living in China. The author examines the distribution of income, the alleviation of poverty, the Chinese education system, and the environmental cost of economic growth. These volumes will be of particular interest to researchers and scholars concerned with China's emerging economic power.
Download or read book China s Rebalancing and Gender Inequality written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines gender inequality in the context of structural transformation and rebalancing in China. We document declining women's relative wages and labor force participation in China during the last two decades, despite rapid growth and expansion of the service sector. Using household data, we provide evidence consistent with a U-shaped relationship between economic development and women's labor market outcomes. Using a model of structural transformation, we show that labor market barriers for women have increased over time. Model counterfactuals suggest that removing these barriers and increasing service sector productivity can boost both gender equality and economic growth in China.
Download or read book China s Great Economic Transformation written by Loren Brandt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-04-14 with total page 887 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This landmark study provides an integrated analysis of China's unexpected economic boom of the past three decades. The authors combine deep China expertise with broad disciplinary knowledge to explain China's remarkable combination of high-speed growth and deeply flawed institutions. Their work exposes the mechanisms underpinning the origin and expansion of China's great boom. Penetrating studies track the rise of Chinese capabilities in manufacturing and in research and development. The editors probe both achievements and weaknesses across many sectors, including China's fiscal, legal, and financial institutions. The book shows how an intricate minuet combining China's political system with sectorial development, globalization, resource transfers across geographic and economic space, and partial system reform delivered an astonishing and unprecedented growth spurt.
Download or read book Economic Growth and Income Distribution in the Development of China s Dual Economy written by Wang Dihai and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-02-28 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the start of the process of economic reform in 1978, China has maintained the structure of a dual economy, with concurrent development of the agricultural and industrial sectors. This book explores the key issues of China's economic growth and income distribution in this context. Pivoting on analysis of China's real GDP and growth rate, the first part of the book analyzes the evolution of economic growth and characteristics of economic structural changes across a period of forty years, scrutinizing the different determinants that contribute to growth. Then, chapters in the second part of the volume study the relationship between China's economic growth and economic development, elucidating the mechanism of interaction between the former and key factors of the latter, including investment, housing, education, and healthcare. The final chapters center on the development and current landscape of income distribution, providing explanation for sharpening income inequalities and advancing suggestions and feasible solutions to the problem of income gap. This book is targeted at scholars, students, and policymakers interested in China's economy, income distribution, and economic growth.
Download or read book Rebalancing and Sustaining Growth in China written by Huw McKay and published by ANU E Press. This book was released on 2012-07-01 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea that China’s economy needs to rebalance is no longer controversial inside or outside the country. Whether it be the increasing recognition of income inequality at home; the still large external surplus; the focus on consumption and industrial upgrading in the policy discourse; the economic, political and social tensions associated with the major decline in housing affordability; the profound conflict between industrialisation, urbanisation and the biosphere; the profitability gulf between the top SOEs and private firms; or the uni-directional pressures pushing on the real exchange rate; the evidence in favour of a highly imbalanced structure is omnipresent. Rebalancing and Sustaining Growth in China brings together some of the world’s leading observers of the Chinese economy to debate the multifarious questions pertaining to rebalancing. How are we to make sense of the many, often contradictory, proposals that seek the same ultimate objective of a more sustainable growth model? What mix of policies will be most effective in addressing the required structural change without sacrificing prosperity along the way? Where should we look for root causes, and how can we avoid getting distracted by symptoms? How do China’s unique internal migration dynamics – and the Lewis turning point – constrain its options? What role will and should financial, fiscal and welfare reform play in the process? Where do water and energy security fit in? Can China innovate before it gets old – or can China get smart before it gets rich? And are intergenerational issues being taken into account?
Download or read book Economic Transformation and Income Distribution in China Over Three Decades written by Cai Meng and published by . This book was released on 2023-11-08 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is arguable that the most important event in the world economy in recent decades has been the rise of China, from being on a par with Sub Sahara Africa at the start of economic reform to being an economic superpower today. That rise remains under-researched. Moreover, the great structural changes which accompanied economic growth require examination. The nationally representative China Household Income Project (CHIP) surveys, conducted for the years 1988, 1995, 2002, 2007, 2013, and 2018, permit a detailed examination of many important aspects of a country's economic development. Much of the analysis of this Element is closely related to, and largely caused by, China's remarkable economic growth and income distribution over the thirty years. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Inequality in China Trends Drivers and Policy Remedies written by Ms.Sonali Jain-Chandra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China has experienced rapid economic growth over the past two decades and is on the brink of eradicating poverty. However, income inequality increased sharply from the early 1980s and rendered China among the most unequal countries in the world. This trend has started to reverse as China has experienced a modest decline in inequality since 2008. This paper identifies various drivers behind these trends – including structural changes such as urbanization and aging and, more recently, policy initiatives to combat it. It finds that policies will need to play an important role in curbing inequality in the future, as projected structural trends will put further strain on equity considerations. In particular, fiscal policy reforms have the potential to enhance inclusiveness and equity, both on the tax and expenditure side.
Download or read book How Inclusive is Structural Change The Case of Selected Asian Countries written by Eric D. Ramstetter and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural change is vital for economic growth and development in an economy, but it's often associated with rising inequality. Whereas, the philosophy of inclusive growth as per Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) suggest that poverty must end by 2030, which requires high growth rates and growth that is inclusive and shared across society. In this context, this study investigates how inclusive is a structural change in the selected developing economies of Asia like China, India, Indonesia, and Thailand. The findings suggest that the effect of Structural change on income inequality is inevitable. In the process of catching up with advanced economies, it has worsened the inequality in these economies, high-skilled workers have benefited from structural transformation. Hence, the mixed response was given by the population to these adjustments capacities. Therefore, nature, speed, and scale of structural change what matters for these countries to alleviate inequality and poverty. Investing in human capital (through educational reforms) by matching with skills, re-distributive policies and favorable macroeconomic policies can mitigate inequality. Growth can be inclusive if the structural transformation of the economy is conducive to productive employment generation, utilizing the unemployed and underemployed labor force engaged in activities of low productivity, which lacks in all the selected countries.
Download or read book China s Economic Growth Towards Sustainable Economic Development and Social Justice written by John Joshua and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-09 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume book addresses the economic transformation occurring in China at present. The author investigates China's domestic and international policies, the impact of these policies on economic growth, and their effect on the quality of life for the people of China. In the first volume, the author distinguishes between economic growth and sustainable economic development, and discusses China's current and past economic policies towards growth. Chapters also explore the structural transformation of China's economy and its increasingly consumer-oriented nature. The second volume looks more specifically at the result of domestic policies on the quality of life for people living in China. The author examines the distribution of income, the alleviation of poverty, the Chinese education system, and the environmental cost of economic growth. These volumes will be of particular interest to researchers and scholars concerned with China's emerging economic power.
Download or read book China s Economic Modernisation And Structural Changes Essays In Honour Of John Wong written by Zheng Yong-nian and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-03-05 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a timely update on the ongoing transformation of the Chinese economy. As the world's second largest economy, China marked the 40th anniversary of economic reform and opening-up in 2018. In this book, top scholars on Chinese economic studies review China's remarkable economic achievement in the past four decades and analyse the challenges facing economic development in the country.The book focusses on structural changes of China's economy, which are essential to steer the country towards sustainable development. It studies the long-term factors affecting the Chinese economy such as education and innovation, and emerging sources of economic growth, such as e-commerce. Other important aspects of the Chinese economy explored in this book include the economic role of the Chinese government, fiscal reforms, capital account liberalisation, housing policies, competition policy and anti-monopoly law, China's export, trends of regional development and reforms of state-owned enterprises.This rich collection of policy-oriented economic studies is also a tribute to Professor John Wong, former research director of the East Asian Institute, National University of Singapore, who passed away in June 2018. For over three decades, Professor Wong had followed and provided insightful analyses on China's economic development.
Download or read book Structural Transformation and Economic Development written by Banji Oyelaran-Oyeyinka and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines long-term structural changes and the broad impact on economic development in regional comparative perspectives. The book analyzes data across Africa, Asia and Latin America. It looks at key variables of productivity growth, industrialization, poverty, urbanization, and employment. This book is concerned with understanding structural change dynamics and how it affects job creation, living standards, and the efficiency of productive cities through manufacturing productivity growth that benefits majority of citizens. With empirical evidence from a selected number of developing countries including China, India, Brazil, Nigeria and South Africa, the book attempts to present the considerable structural changes of these countries over the last few decades. It highlights that growth without the expected job creation is one of the distinct features of growth in emerging and developing countries. It suggests that countries may well record economic growth, whether through within sector productivity increase or through structural change, but this may not necessarily lead to employment, an important concern for long-term development.
Download or read book Transforming the Chinese Economy written by Fang Cai and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2010 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transforming the Chinese Economy is a translated collection of articles providing a look at how scholars in China have been assessing their country's recent economic history. This volume, as well as the others in the SSRC series, provides Western scholars with an accessible, English-language look at the state of current Chinese scholarship, and as such, does not simply provide information for the direct study of economic issues, but also for meta-level analysis of the interplay of China's policy, scholarship, and economy. Specific topics include banking and finance, inequality of growth, and women's role in the workforce.
Download or read book Growth and Structural Transformation written by Kwang Suk Kim and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides a comprehensive overview of Korea’s macroeconomic growth and structural change since World War II, and traces some of the roots of development to the colonial period. The authors explore in detail colonial development, changing national income patterns, relative price shifts, sources of aggregate growth, and sources of sectoral structural change, comparing them with other countries.
