Download or read book Strategic Considerations Towards Ensuring Appropriate Delivery Mechanisms and Sustainable Water Services Delivery written by South Africa. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. Chief Directorate : Water Services and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safe Water From Every Tap written by Committee on Small Water Supply Systems and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-01-13 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small communities violate federal requirements for safe drinking water as much as three times more often than cities. Yet these communities often cannot afford to improve their water service. Safe Water From Every Tap reviews the risks of violating drinking water standards and discusses options for improving water service in small communities. Included are detailed reviews of a wide range of technologies appropriate for treating drinking water in small communities. The book also presents a variety of institutional options for improving the management efficiency and financial stability of water systems.
Download or read book Guidance on Preparing Water Service Delivery Plans A manual for small to medium sized water utilities in Africa and similar settings written by Kizito Masinde and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2021-04-15 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are 2.4 billion people without improved sanitation and another 2.1 billion with inadequate sanitation (i.e. wastewater drains directly into surface waters), and despite improvements over the past decades, the unsafe management of fecal waste and wastewater continues to present a major risk to public health and the environment (UN, 2016). There is growing interest in low cost sanitation solutions which harness natural systems. However, it can be difficult for wastewater utility managers to understand under what conditions such nature-based solutions (NBS) might be applicable and how best to combine traditional infrastructure for example an activated sludge treatment plant with an NBS such as treatment wetlands. There is increasing scientific evidence that treatment systems with designs inspired by nature are highly efficient treatment technologies. The cost-effective design and implementation of ecosystems in wastewater treatment is something that exists and has the potential to be further promoted globally as both a sustainable and practical solution. This book serves as a compilation of technical references, case examples and guidance for applying nature-based solutions for treatment of domestic wastewater, and enables a wide variety of stakeholders to understand the design parameters, removal efficiencies, costs, co-benefits for both people and nature and trade-offs for consideration in their local context. Examples through case studies are from across the globe and provide practical insights into the variety of potentially applicable solutions.
Download or read book Institutional settings and livelihood strategies in the Blue Nile Basin implications for upstream downstream linkages written by Haileslassie, A. and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2009-02-05 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through rapid assessment of existing literature and review of policy and other official documents, the report synthesizes the existing knowledge and gaps on policies and institutions and identifies key research issues that need in-depth study. The report provides an overview of the range of key livelihoods and production systems in the Blue Nile Basin (BNB) and highlights their relative dependence on, and vulnerability to, water resources and water-related ecosystem services. It also makes an inventory of current water and land related policies and institutions in the BNB, their organizational arrangements, dynamics and linkages and key policy premises. It highlights the major problems in institutional arrangements and policy gaps and makes suggestions for an in-depth Policy and Institutional Studies to be done as part of the Upstream-Downstream Research project.
Download or read book Strategic Planning for Water written by Hugh Howes and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2007-10-18 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategic Planning for Water examines the neglected relationship between planning for water and spatial planning. It provides the background to sustainable water management and assistance to spatial planners in understanding the complex water environment. This extremely topical book examines the challenges of:how to ensure that water supplies are a
Download or read book Toward a Sustainable Approach to Water Service Delivery Methods in a Rural Context written by Kathryn S. Wesdyk and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over two billion people lack access to safely managed drinking water services, accounting for over one million deaths worldwide each year. To focus needed attention on this crisis, the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals call for universal, equitable, safe, and affordable water service. This global challenge has proved to be particularly difficult in a rural context. Governments in developing regions often lack the resources, capital, and capabilities to provide and manage public services, to include drinking water. Many have turned to the private sector, foreign donors, and aid organizations to supply safe water. Historically, these programs have struggled to do so sustainably, over-prioritizing short-term infrastructure development at the expense of the long-term operation of the systems. Many water providers and their donors have focused on the number of facilities built and the number of people with access, driving the performance of the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) sector by these metrics alone. Sustainability; however, cannot be described by system functionality or population coverage exclusively. The definition of the term should be expanded to include a wider variety of metrics that describe the long term operation and resiliency of the system, from the perspective of both the water suppliers and the communities they serve. A more nuanced view of sustainability is especially needed in rural communities where weak governance, low per capita resources, and high per capita costs of obtaining water access combine to present a substantial barrier to water service delivery. In recent years there has been recognition in the development sector that in order to improve sustainability, water providers should shift from a paradigm that relies on external support yet operates independently from other WASH actors, to one that combines grants and a strong enough revenue base to recover operational and maintenance costs in collaboration with WASH actors. Water providers must achieve a difficult balance that increases impact (increasing the amount of impoverished communities using safe water) with a model that will continue to perform. A broad, systematic review of WASH programs was conducted to develop a comprehensive summary of considerations for rural communities in developing regions to proactively develop their own water provision. The primary recommendations for community authorities seeking water service delivery are applied to a case study on the island of Île-à-Vache, Haiti."--from abstract.
Download or read book Supporting Rural Water Supply written by Harold Lockwood and published by Practical Action Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers insights into ways countries and individual organisations can move towards a service delivery approach and is a valuable resource for professionals in who are interested in improving the design and implementation of rural water supply programmes. Published in association with IRC.
Download or read book Managing Water for All An OECD Perspective on Pricing and Financing Key Messages for Policy Makers written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water is vital for human and economic development, and for maintaining ecosystems. However, billions of people lack access to water and sanitation services, mainly due to poor governance and inadequate investment and maintenance. The situation is ...
Download or read book The water white paper written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2012-07-05 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Committee heard persuasive evidence about the environmental damage caused by over-abstraction. The reform of abstraction licenses must be brought forward as the Government's current plans - to reform the abstraction regime by the mid-to-late 2020s - will not take effect rapidly enough given that our rivers are already running dry. Defra must also work with Ofwat and the Environment Agency to tackle urgently those abstractions which are already causing severe damage to our rivers. It is "extremely disappointing" that the White Paper fails to set a target to increase levels of water metering. The report also highlights how bad debt in the water sector adds around £15 to each household's water bill every year. Defra must implement existing legal provisions rapidly to tackle this problem. The Committee also examines proposals to increase competition in the sector. They conclude that Defra should set a clear target date for opening a competitive retail market for water, and should take account of lessons that can be learned from Scotland. The Committee believes that the White Paper's proposals will fail to deliver a well-functioning retail market and suggests how to remedy this. The Government also needs to take action to encourage the development of Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS), which can reduce the risk of flooding, and to implement the relevant outstanding provisions of the Flood and Water Management Act 2010. It is "deeply worrying" that the Government had not yet reached an agreement with insurers about providing cover for homes in areas of flood risk
Download or read book Current Issues of Water Management written by Uli Uhlig and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-12-02 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an estimated 1.4 billion km3 of water in the world but only approximately three percent (39 million km3) of it is available as fresh water. Moreover, most of this fresh water is found as ice in the arctic regions, deep groundwater or atmospheric water. Since water is the source of life and essential for all life on the planet, the use of this resource is a highly important issue. "Water management" is the general term used to describe all the activities that manage the optimum use of the world's water resources. However, only a few percent of the fresh water available can be subjected to water management. It is still an enormous amount, but what's unique about water is that unlike other resources, it is irreplaceable. This book provides a general overview of various topics within water management from all over the world. The topics range from politics, current models for water resource management of rivers and reservoirs to issues related to agriculture. Water quality problems, the development of water demand and water pricing are also addressed. The collection of contributions from outstanding scientists and experts provides detailed information about different topics and gives a general overview of the current issues in water management. The book covers a wide range of current issues, reflecting on current problems and demonstrating the complexity of water management.
Download or read book Sustainable Water and Sanitation Services written by Livelihoods & Natural Resource Managment Institute and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-03 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the work of the WASHCost project run by the IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre (IRC), this book provides an evaluation of the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sectors in the context of developing countries and is the first systematic study of applying the life-cycle cost approach to assessing allocations. It presents unit cost estimates of the WASH sector across geographic locations and technologies, including rural and peri-urban areas, and these are compared with service levels. It analyses detailed data from more than 5000 households across nine agro-climatic zones in Andhra Pradesh State in India. Key issues assessed include poverty analysis of service levels, cost drivers and factors at the village and household level, and governance aspects such as transparency, accountability and value for money in relation to unit costs and service levels. This is the most comprehensive study of the WASH sector in India and elsewhere that utilises the life-cycle cost approach, along with GIS, econometric modelling and qualitative research methods. Not only does it contribute to research and methodology in this area, but the analysis also provides valuable insights for planners, policy makers and bi-lateral donors. The authors show how the methodology can also be applied in other developing country contexts.
Download or read book Water Consumption and Sustainable Water Resources Management written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1998-03-25 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the discussions and conclusions of the OECD workshop on sustainable water consumption. It examines progress made on a range of key water policy issues and examines some of the more innovative attempts to put into practice a wider vision of integration.
Download or read book Focusing Partnerships written by Janelle Plummer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the increasing occurrence of policies aimed at mobilising the financial and human resources of the private sector, most urban local governments responsible for urban basic services in the South do not have the capacity to initiate and sustain partnerships. Nor do they understand how they can create partnerships that target the poor. This sourcebook provides practical information and guidance to do so. With extensive illustrative material from Africa, Asia and Latin America, it sets out a strategic framework for building municipal capacity to create pro-poor partnerships. It focuses on implementation rather than policy. It locates private sector participation within the broader urban governance and poverty reduction agenda. And it is above all concerned to supply information on the issues and processes involved in making the public?private partnership (PPP) approach appropriate for service delivery in developing countries. The second in a series of capacity-building sourcebooks, it will be invaluable for those concerned with the capacity of local levels of government: policy-makers, municipal authorities, development agencies and practitioners, and all those involved in urban governance and poverty reduction.
Download or read book When Technology Fails written by Alicia (Lia) Marshall and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) come to a close, 783 million people still lack access to improved water (Onda et al., 2012). An estimated 30 - 40% of development efforts to improve access to water still fail (are broken and/or unused) (Lockwood et al., 2010), which is similar to rates found 40 years ago (Imboden, 1977). While there have been increasing efforts to address this issue - especially the financial and technical aspects, a review of recent sustainability frameworks in the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) sector reveal that there is a need for better understanding how to plan for and address the social aspects of sustainability in delivering rural water services. The purpose is to explore different strategies used by leaders in the WASH sector to deliver socially sustainable safe drinking water in low income countries. The goal is to provide insights based on specific examples and participant experiences on ways to increase the social sustainability of services: a) in the bigger picture of international aid effectiveness, and b) with a specific focus on creating effective motivation infrastructure. Twenty-two key informants were purposively selected and interviewed for an average of one hour and fifteen minutes, during which they were asked to describe in detail their organization's approach to sustainability along with a specific example of an effort that failed and one that succeeded. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative analysis and ©NVivo10 software. Results: Eight main themes emerged which were consistent across what participants believed worked and did not work and found worked and did not work. Socially sustainable efforts create effective incentives, build local capacity, respect local stakeholders priorities and preferences, learn before, after and throughout the process, prevent failure and protect investment, ensure on-going monitoring and maintenance, identify and avoid assumptions, and focus on what people want rather than need. Given the variability of local context and culture, it is not helpful and may not be possible to create a fixed list of actions that accomplish the themes listed above. However, learning from themes that emerged provides valuable insights into how we might more consistently include mechanisms that improve sustainability by recognizing the importance of social versus technical challenges. Examining how these themes align with the bigger picture of development, we find that 85% of the themes fit into one of the five categories of commitments made in the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness (2005); but a lack of consistent, wide-scale monitoring in the WASH sector makes it difficult to tell to what extent each of these international commitments have been met. Looking at how these themes align with a specific focus - motivation as described in Maslow's Theory of Motivation (1943), we find that strategies participants believe to be effective align more with higher level needs such as self-actualization (n=105), self-esteem (n=88), and safety and security (n=110) compared to physiological (n=8). More rigorous, collaborative research is needed to better document the definitions, combinations, and contexts in which strategies work and do not work. There is no magic bullet that will guarantee sustainability 100% of the time, but a more accurate understanding of social challenges and barriers like human motivation provide us with better tools from which to make evidenced based decisions in addressing a missing area of sustainability.
Download or read book Reaching the Rural Poor written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the fact that three quarters of the world's poor live in rural areas, the level of international development aid directed at rural areas has continued to decline over the last decade, particularly in terms of the agricultural sector. In 2001, lending for agricultural projects was the lowest in the World Bank's history. This publication presents the World Bank's new rural development strategy based upon a results oriented approach which stresses practice, implementation, monitoring and empowerment aspects. The strategy seeks to highlight rural development efforts, focusing on the needs of the rural poor, fostering a broad-based economic growth and addressing the impact of global developments on client countries.
Download or read book The African Union Ten Years After written by Muchie, Mammo and published by Africa Institute of South Africa. This book was released on 2013-10-20 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at the first ten years of the African Union. This is the second in a series of books that will be produced each year from annual conferences held on the multi-faceted issue of African liberation. The key themes of the book explore ways of improving the effectiveness of the African Union, fostering unity amongst African countries through entrenchment of pan-Africanism, and building ownership of the African Union by the African people and their communities. In addition, the thoughts of key figures of pan-Africanism and black emancipation, such as Sylvester Williams and Franz Fanon, are re-positioned to even greater contemporary relevance. Through its promotion of Ethiopianism, pan-Africanism and the African renaissance, we trust that this book will add new interest and a fresh perspective to how Africans move forward together into a post-colonial era where policies and actions are determined by the united agency of liberated Africans the world over.
Download or read book Water Sanitation Hygiene and Nutrition in Bangladesh written by Iffat Mahmud and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1960s, it has been known that poor water and sanitation causes diarrhea, which consequently compromises child growth and leads to undernutrition. Ample evidence shows that poor water and sanitation causes diarrhea, but there is a growing body of knowledge discussing the magnitude of the impact of diarrhea on undernutrition. A recent hypothesis by Humphrey (2009), for example, states that the predominant impact of contaminated water and poor sanitation on undernutrition is via tropical/environmental enteropathy (triggered by exposure to fecal matter) rather than mediated by diarrhea. This new hypothesis has generated much debate, especially in the South Asia region, on the contribution of water and sanitation to the South Asian Nutrition Enigma. The region is characterized by unusually high rates of child undernutrition relative to its income level, as well as a slow reduction in undernutrition. Practitioners have struggled to decipher the reasons behind this 'anomaly.' This report provides a systematic review of the evidence to date, both published and grey literature, on the relationship between water and sanitation and nutrition. We also survey the potential impact of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) on undernutrition. This is the first report that undertakes a thorough review and discussion of WASH and nutrition in Bangladesh. The report is meant to serve two purposes. First, it synthesizes the results/evidence evolving on the pathway of WASH and undernutrition for use by practitioners working in the nutrition and water and sanitation sectors to stimulate technical discussions and effective collaboration among stakeholders. Second, this report serves as an advocacy tool, primarily for policy makers, to assist them in formulating a multisectoral approach to tackling the undernutrition problem.
