Download or read book Stormwater Management Green Infrastructure and Participatory Modeling in Historically Black Communities written by Dresden Gabrielle McGregor and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Choosing Green Over Gray written by Sarah Anne Madden and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All modem cities-characterized by paved roads, rooftops, parking lots, and impacted soils-have serious problems with stormwater, and those problems are only growing as urbanization proceeds and climate change causes more severe weather events. Historically, cities have used gray infrastructure to manage stormwater; this is not only costly but causes an array of environmental problems. Proponents have long advocated using a green infrastructure approach, which has numerous advantages over traditional gray infrastructure systems. Nevertheless, very few U.S. cities have invested in green infrastructure on a significant scale. The question, then, is why have cities resisted adopting green infrastructure, and what would it take for them to choose a landscape-based approach to stormwater management over a conventional engineering solution? To answer this question, I studied a city that recently decided to embrace green infrastructure in a big way: Philadelphia. I argue that (i) new stormwater regulations and the 1990 withdrawal of federal funding changed the constraints and incentives for the city to make green infrastructure viable, particularly for a cash-strapped city; (2) a policy entrepreneur in the Philadelphia Water Department did two key things in preparation for a future policy window: he created an office organized around watersheds, and began redefining the problem; and (3) the policy entrepreneur capitalized on a regulatory policy window, the Combined Sewer Overflow Long Term Control Plan Update, that garnered momentum from the city's decision to "re-brand" itself as a green city and galvanized support for the $1.6 billion plan for green infrastructure across the city. These conclusions are supported by evidence from Philadelphia's decision to adopt a green infrastructure approach to manage runoff. Finally, I discuss the implications of these findings and make recommendations for the implementation of the plan.
Download or read book Stormwater Management and Multipurpose Infrastructure Networks written by Ann-Ariel Nichiko Vecchio and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In urban planning and design, natural systems are a key element of explorations about how to design for sustainability. As part of these efforts, academics and practitioners have also begun to explore the ways in which the utilization of natural systems can and should change our approach to the design and function of urban areas and of infrastructure itself. As an entry point to explore the topic, this thesis focuses on stormwater management as one basic building block or fundamental component of multipurpose infrastructure development. An increasing number of cities will seek to implement green infrastructure approaches or stormwater best management practices (BMPs) in response to new regulation, desires to improve urban quality of life, and changes in attitudes about sustainability and climate change. However, a variety of urban conditions exist within and between cities, and it is therefore necessary to consider the range of possibilities for designing and implementing green infrastructure strategies in a range of built environments. At the same time, there is also the need to address other environmental, social, and cultural goals, such as creating assets from vacant land, improving the public realm, and creating connectivity through neighborhoods. This creates opportunities to develop multipurpose infrastructure projects that utilize natural systems to address multiple objectives. San Francisco, California; Lincoln, Nebraska; and Cleveland, Ohio represent three different types of urban conditions and serve as test locations to identify the factors that affect the development of multipurpose infrastructure. San Francisco has a dense urban environment, Lincoln expects continued horizontal growth through subdivisions, and Cleveland's decline in population has created a condition of vacancy throughout the city. These conditions present a range of constraints and opportunities and shape the planning, design, and implementation of multipurpose infrastructure based on stormwater management. As a result, they lead to three methods or approaches for planning and design of multipurpose infrastructure: the retrofitting city, the preemptive city, and the repurposing city. These three approaches highlight how stormwater management can serve as a basis to develop multipurpose infrastructure systems that function at a range of scales, serve multiples purposes and create additional value for communities.
Download or read book Toward Sustainable Stormwater Management written by Sarah Ann Hammitt and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With their high concentrations of impervious surface, urban areas generate stormwater runoff that overwhelms existing infrastructure causing flooding, sewer overflows, water pollution, and habitat degradation. Under pressure to find cost-effective, environmentally sustainable, and socially responsible solutions to stormwater management, cities are looking to green infrastructure. The term "green infrastructure," when used for stormwater management, denotes design techniques, such as raingardens, green roofs, permeable pavement, street trees, and rain barrels, that infiltrate, evapotranspirate, capture, and reuse stormwater onsite. With the added benefits of improving air quality, land values, wildlife habitat, urban heat island, and urban aesthetics, some decision-makers view green infrastructure as a silver bullet solution to address climate change, water quality, and other urban issues. As cities move to create neighborhood- and citywide-scale green infrastructure plans, my thesis explores the common barriers that cities face when implementing green infrastructure, as well as tactics that have been used to overcome those barriers. The realities of implementation indicate that cities seeking to scale up green infrastructure should plan on expanding public participation and awareness-raising, strengthening interdepartmental coordination and partnerships within the community, building the technical capacity of the public and the government, and developing innovative ways to continuously engage and motivate individuals.
Download or read book Land Water Infrastructure and People written by Theodore Chao Lim and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When urbanization occurs, the removal of vegetation, compaction of soil and construction of impervious surfaces--roofs, asphalt, and concrete--and drainage infrastructure result in drastic changes to the natural hydrological cycle. Stormwater runoff occurs when rain does not infiltrate into soil. Instead it ponds at the surface and forms shallow channels of overland flow. The result is increased peak flows and pollutant loads, eroded streambanks, and decreased biodiversity in aquatic habitat. In urban areas, runoff is typically directed into catch basins and underground pipe systems to prevent flooding, however such systems are also failing to meet modern environmental goals. Green infrastructure is the widely evocative idea that development practices and stormwater management infrastructure can do better to mimic the natural hydrological conditions through distributed vegetation and source control measures that prevent runoff from being produced in the first place. This dissertation uses statistics and high-resolution, coupled surface-subsurface hydrologic simulation (ParFlow.CLM) to examine three understudied aspects of green infrastructure planning. First, I examine how development characteristics affect the runoff response in urban catchments. I find that instead of focusing on site imperviousness, planners should aim to preserve the ecosystem functions of infiltration and evapotranspiration that are lost even with low density development. Second, I look at how the spatial configuration of green infrastructure at the neighborhood scale affects runoff generation. While spatial configuration of green infrastructure does result in statistically significant differences in performance, such differences are not likely to be detectable above noise levels present in empirical monitoring data. In this study, there was no evidence of reduced hydrological effectiveness for green infrastructure located at sag points in the topography. Lastly, using six years of empirical data from a voluntary residential green infrastructure program, I show how the spread of green infrastructure depends on the demographic and physical characteristics of neighborhoods as well as spatially-dependent social processes (such as the spread of information). This dissertation advances the science of green infrastructure planning at multiple scales and in multiple sectors to improve the practice of urban water resource management and sustainable development.
Download or read book Stormwater Management Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluating Green Roof Stormwater Management in New York City written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, an aging and overburdened urban infrastructure has become a substantial challenge for civil engineers. Among these challenges, systems for stormwater management are of significant concern, considering their direct impact on environmental quality, local ecosystems, and the hydrologic cycle. Given the high costs for rehabilitation of traditional stormwater infrastructure in urban settings, low impact, or "green" development strategies have become critical components in plans for meeting future stormwater management goals. In particular, New York City (NYC) has pledged $1.5 billion over the next 20 years to improve environmental quality through the mitigation of urban runoff, where utilization of green infrastructure is a primary goal. Cost effective implementation of this, and similar plans around the world, requires comprehensive understanding of green infrastructure functionality. In response, this dissertation investigates the stormwater management potential of full-scale green roofs in NYC through lenses of observation, modeling, and design.
Download or read book Transforming Our Cities written by Marcus Quigley and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional approaches to stormwater management include construction of large, centralized end-of-pipe or interceptor solutions that can be extraordinarily expensive. The goal of this research is to look beyond conventional approaches to stormwater infrastructure and examine the effectiveness of various decentralized controls that use natural elements to dampen stormwater surges. Specifically, the research team continues to develop highly distributed real-time control (DRTC) technologies for green infrastructure, such as advanced rainwater harvesting systems, dynamically controlled green roofs, wet detention basins and underdrained bioretention systems. Particularly, the objective is to demonstrate that these systems can play a critical role in transforming our nation's urban infrastructure.
Download or read book After the Floods written by Ken Conca and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-09-13 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One small town, two "thousand-year floods" in the span of two years: how does a community become resilient in the face of the ever-increasing risks of climate change? Small towns across America and around the world face mounting challenges with flood risk, a result of not only climate change but also poorly adapted landscapes, sprawl, overdevelopment and poor planning. After the Floods is about Ellicott City, a small town in central Maryland that experienced two devastating flash floods just 22 months apart. Despite the town's many advantages—wealth, access to expertise, a mobilized community, and a stout identity steeped in 250 years of history—Ellicott City found itself mired in a deeply divisive argument over what to do in the aftermath. As a resident, Ken Conca bore firsthand witness to the conflict that took root when the flood waters receded. While this book is about one residential suburb, the dilemmas that it faces over how to adapt to climate change are coming soon to a small town near you. On one level a story about re-engineering a landscape, After the Floods ultimately grapples with uncertainty over local history, justice, democracy, and identity. What can we know about future risks to our communities? What is the meaning of place and history when preservation goals come into conflict with flood protection? What should we protect? Who gets to speak for the community? In Ellicott City's search for answers, we can find important lessons for other small communities that must begin preparing for future climate risks.
Download or read book Urban Stormwater written by Victorian Stormwater Committee, and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 1999-10-28 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intense concentration of human activity in urban areas leads to changes in both the quantity and quality of runoff that eventually reaches our streams, lakes, wetlands, estuaries and coasts. The increasing use of impervious surfaces designed to provide smooth and direct pathways for stormwater run-off, has led to greater runoff volumes and flow velocities in urban waterways. Unmanaged, these changes in the quantity and quality of stormwater can result in considerable damage to the environment. Improved environmental performance is needed to ensure that the environmental values and beneficial uses of receiving waters are sustained or enhanced. Urban Stormwater - Best-Practice Environmental Management Guidelines resulted from a collaboration between State government agencies, local government and leading research institutions. The guidelines have been designed to meet the needs of people involved in the planning, design or management of urban land uses or stormwater drainage systems. They provide guidance in ten key areas: *Environmental performance objectives *Stormwater management planning *Land use planning *Water sensitive urban design *Construction site management *Business surveys *Education and awareness *Enforcement *Structural treatment measures *Flow management Engineers and planners within local government, along with consultants to the development industry, should find the guidelines especially useful. Government agencies should also find them helpful in assessing the performance of stormwater managers. While developed specifically for application in Victoria, Australia, the information will be of value to stormwater managers everywhere.
Download or read book Urban Stormwater Management in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid conversion of land to urban and suburban areas has profoundly altered how water flows during and following storm events, putting higher volumes of water and more pollutants into the nation's rivers, lakes, and estuaries. These changes have degraded water quality and habitat in virtually every urban stream system. The Clean Water Act regulatory framework for addressing sewage and industrial wastes is not well suited to the more difficult problem of stormwater discharges. This book calls for an entirely new permitting structure that would put authority and accountability for stormwater discharges at the municipal level. A number of additional actions, such as conserving natural areas, reducing hard surface cover (e.g., roads and parking lots), and retrofitting urban areas with features that hold and treat stormwater, are recommended.
Download or read book Revitalizing Urban Neighborhoods written by William Dennis Keating and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This analysis of urban neighbourhoods in the United States from 1960 to 1995 presents 15 original essays by scholars of urban planning and development. Together they show how urban neighbourhoods can and must be preserved as economic, cultural and political centres.
Download or read book Returns on Resilience written by Kathleen McCormick and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Case studies about developers' and property owners' motivation to protect buildings and sites against climate-related threats, their resilience strategies, their design and development processes, and their projects' performance.
Download or read book Urban Environmental Education Review written by Alex Russ and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-06 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Environmental Education Review explores how environmental education can contribute to urban sustainability. Urban environmental education includes any practices that create learning opportunities to foster individual and community well-being and environmental quality in cities. It fosters novel educational approaches and helps debunk common assumptions that cities are ecologically barren and that city people don't care for, or need, urban nature or a healthy environment. Topics in Urban Environmental Education Review range from the urban context to theoretical underpinnings, educational settings, participants, and educational approaches in urban environmental education. Chapters integrate research and practice to help aspiring and practicing environmental educators, urban planners, and other environmental leaders achieve their goals in terms of education, youth and community development, and environmental quality in cities. The ten-essay series Urban EE Essays, excerpted from Urban Environmental Education Review, may be found here: naaee.org/eepro/resources/urban-ee-essays. These essays explore various perspectives on urban environmental education and may be reprinted/reproduced only with permission from Cornell University Press.
Download or read book Advances in Modeling the Management of Stormwater Impacts written by William James and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest book in the popular series demonstrates state-of-the-art methods, models, and techniques for water quality management. This book includes a CD-ROM that collects hundreds of hard-to-find literature citations from the gray literature.
Download or read book Evaluating and Conserving Green Infrastructure Across the Landscape written by Karen Firehock and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the New York State edition of the GIC's guide to evaluating and conserving green infrastructure (GI) across the landscape. It provides an historical background to GI, as well as practical steps for creating GI maps and plans for a community. It discusses issues around evaluating green assets, public involvement in the mapping process, and the practical steps in bringing together GIS information into a useful format. It draws from twelve field tests GIC has conducted over the past six years in a diversity of ecological and political conditions, at multiple scales, and in varied development patterns – from wildlands and rural areas to suburbs, cities and towns. This guide is intended to help people make land management decisions which recognize the interdependence of healthy people, strong economies and a vibrant, intact and biologically diverse landscape. Green infrastructure consists of our environmental assets – which GIC also calls ‘natural assets’ – and they should be included in planning processes. Planning to conserve or restore green infrastructure ensures that communities can be vibrant, healthful and resilient. Having clean air and water, as well as nature-based recreation, attractive views and abundant local food, depends upon considering our environmental assets as part of everyday planning. Available from GIC at www.gicinc.org.
Download or read book Landscape Urbanism and Green Infrastructure written by Thomas Panagopoulos and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-08-19 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the applicability of landscape urbanism theory in contemporary landscape architecture practice by bringing together ecology and architecture in the built environment. Using participatory planning of green infrastructure and application of nature-based solutions to address urban challenges, landscape urbanism seeks to reintroduce critical connections between natural and urban systems. In light of ongoing developments in landscape architecture, the goal is a paradigm shift towards a landscape that restores and rehabilitates urban ecosystems. Nine contributions examine a wide range of successful cases of designing livable and resilient cities in different geographical contexts, from the United States of America to Australia and Japan, and through several European cities in Italy, Portugal, Estonia, and Greece. While some chapters attempt to conceptualize the interconnections between cities and nature, others clearly have an empirical focus. Efforts such as the use of ornamental helophyte plants in bioretention ponds to reduce and treat stormwater runoff, the recovery of a poorly constructed urban waterway or participatory approaches for optimizing the location of green stormwater infrastructure and examining the environmental justice issue of equative availability and accessibility to public open spaces make these innovations explicit. Thus, this volume contributes to the sustainable cities goal of the United Nations.
