Download or read book Stem Cells and Prostate Cancer written by Scott D. Cramer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-12 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent evidence demonstrates that normal prostate tissue contains stem cells. There is also accumulating evidence that prostate cancer contains a population of cells with stem cell-like characteristics referred to as cancer stem cells, or tumor initiating cells. Both the normal prostate stem cell and cancer stem cell populations have important implications for the generation, therapeutic targeting, and prevention of prostate cancer. The purpose of this book is to explore the role of stem cells in prostate cancer, which is becoming an increasingly hot trend in cancer research.
Download or read book Cancer Stem Cells New Horizons in Cancer Therapies written by Surajit Pathak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-17 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the recent developments in the therapeutic implications of cancer stem cells for the effective diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. It summarizes the various stem cells of common cancers including colon, pancreas, lungs, prostate, melanoma, and glioblastoma, and reviews the potential role of cancer stem cells in tissue aggressiveness, examining the functional contribution of cancer stem cells in the establishment and recurrence of cancerous tumors. Further, it explores the potential of cancer stem cells as novel therapeutic targets for the treatment and prevention of tumor progression. The book also discusses the various approaches for detecting, isolating, and characterizing different cancer stem cells and signaling pathways that control their replication, survival, and differentiation. Lastly, it explores the key features and mechanisms of drug resistance, chemo-resistance, and radio-resistance in cancer stem cells to improve therapeutic rationale.
Download or read book Pathology of the Prostate written by Christopher Foster and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An addition to the Major Problems in Pathology Series, this book addresses all the recent, major advances in the rapidly expanding field of prostate pathology. The concise, focused text reflects a wide variety of opinions regarding the diagnosis of prostate disorders. Includes the work of internationally renowned contributors.
Download or read book The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism written by Anne Le and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, we delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism, and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.
Download or read book Cancer Stem Cell Resistance to Targeted Therapy written by Cristina Maccalli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents an up-dated summary of the state of the art of the characterization of cancer stem cell/ cancer initiating cell (CSC/CIC) properties. An overview of the definition and biological properties of CSCs/CICs as well as the role of these cells in determining the resistance to standard and immune-based therapies is provided. It also discusses limitations in the achievement of a definitive biological characterization of CSCs/CICs due to their high extent of plasticity and heterogeneity that is also mutually driven by the interaction of these cells with the tumor microenvironment. The limitations in targeting CSCs/CICs with immunotherapy are also explained together with explorative combination approaches that could increase the susceptibility of these cells to the recognition by immune cells. This book is conceived for a broad audience, including students, teachers, scientific experts. The critical revision of available results in terms of immunological profile of CSCs/CICs and the efficacy in targeting these cells by immunological approaches, results in a comprehensive and up to date recapitulation of the field and provides interesting suggestions on how to focus future investigations in order to assess the role of CSCs/CICs as prognostic and predictive biomarkers of responsiveness to therapies for cancer patients.
Download or read book Principles of Stem Cell Biology and Cancer written by Tarik Regad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-05-06 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Stem Cell Biology and Cancer: Future Applications and Therapeutics Tarik Regad, The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, UK, Thomas J. Sayers, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, USA and Robert Rees The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, UK The field of cancer stem cells is expanding rapidly, with many groups focusing on isolating and identifying cancer stem cell populations. Although some progress has been made developing efficient cancer therapies, targeting cancer stem cells remains one of the important challenges facing the growing stem cell research community. Principles of Stem Cell Biology and Cancer brings together original contributions from international experts in the field to present the very latest information linking stem cell biology and cancer. Divided into two parts, the book begins with a detailed introduction to stem cell biology with a focus on the characterization of these cells, progress that has been made in their identification, as well as future therapeutic applications of stem cells. The second part focuses on cancer stem cells and their role in cancer development, progression and chemo-resistance. This section of the book includes an overview of recent progress concerning therapies targeting cancer stem cells. Features: An authoritative introduction to the link between stem cell biology and cancer. Includes contributions from leading international experts in the field. Well-illustrated with full colour figures throughout. This book will prove an invaluable resource for basic and applied researchers and clinicians working on the development of new cancer treatments and therapies, providing a timely publication of high quality reviews outlining the current progress and exciting future possibilities for stem cell research.
Download or read book Stem Cells and Cancer written by Lopa Mishra and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the role of cancer stem cells and progenitor cells in the progression to cancer. This volume refers to the role of stem cells in well-characterized diseases such as prostate and hepatocellular cancer, melanoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and stem cell/cancer stem cell properties.
Download or read book The Isolation and Characterization of Prostate Stem Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cells are of considerable importance in prostate cancer because of the theory that cancer cells represent the malignant counterparts of normal tissue stem cells. We have shown that murine prostatic stem cells reside in the proximal region of the prostatic ducts. The in vivo growth properties and proliferative potential of the proximal cells were examined in a tissue transplantation model and in an orthotopic model. Some in vitro characteristics of their growth have also been examined. Cells were isolated from the proximal and distal regions of the prostate and were embedded in collagen gels in the absence or presence of smooth muscle cells (SMC) or fetal mouse or rat urogenital mesenchyme (UGM). The collagen pellets were implanted under the renal capsule of athymic mice and left for 8 weeks, after which the grafts were removed and weighed. No significant difference was noted in grafts containing either proximal or distal cells. This result was unaffected by SMC or fetal mouse UGM. In the presence of fetal rat UGM, grafts containing proximal cells were l3.8 times larger than those containing distal cells, indicating a high proliferative potential in the proximal cells compared with the distal cells. In the orthotopic model, prostatic cells expressing GFP were injected into either intact prostates of juvenile mice or into the involuted prostates of castrated adult mice that were then given androgens to stimulate prostatic regrowth. In both cases, the GFP- expressing cells engrafted into the growing prostates, demonstrating the regenerative ability of the injected cells. Finally, to characterize the stem cells, in vitro growth assays were performed. Proximal cells were grown in vitro in the presence or absence of stem cell factor (SCF) and antibodies to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-13).
Download or read book Identifying and Understanding the Functional Significance of Cancer Stem Cells in Prostate and Pancreatic Cancer Initiation and Chemoresistance written by Antreas Agop Hindoyan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The functional heterogeneity of cancer phenotypes and responses to therapeutics is a huge obstacle to clinical cures and an intense area of study. A relatively new hypothesis posits the existence of a subpopulation of tumor cells, termed cancer stem cells, which are primarily responsible for tumor propagation and resistance to therapy. Identification of such cells may be important to develop targeted therapies for more effective cancer treatment. This dissertation focuses on the validation and functional study of cancer stem cells associated with human prostate and pancreatic cancers. By leveraging the fact that surgical castration leads to enrichment of stem/progenitor cells in the prostate, we idenitifed CD166 as a novel marker for prostate stem cells. We show that CD166 can further enrich and refine the established prostate stem/progenitor cell and cancer stem cell population in both murine and human systems. While genetic deletion of CD166 would not inhibit the development of the prostate gland or the formation of prostate cancer in our genetically engineered model systems, this protein may serve as an attractive marker for identifying and targeting prostate cancer stem cells. Further attempts were made at identifying stem/progenitor populations for prostate and pancreatic cancer through various discovery and targeted approaches. We found that Lgr5, a marker of stem cells in the gut and skin, is not expressed in prostate and pancreatic epithelial tissue, but only in prostatic stroma. Novel surface markers such as CD138 were found to be highly upregulated in pancreatic tumors, but specificity for cancer stem cells was lacking. Lastly, we studied the functional role of cancer stem cells in gemcitabine therapy resistance in a human pancreatic cancer model. We found that the PI3K and ubiquitin-mediated proteosomal degradation pathways can be used to stratify gemcitabine treatment response in patient tumors. Inhibition of Skp2 expression and therapeutic treatment with PI3K inhibitors proved to be effective sensitiziers to gemcitabine treatment. Importantly, cancer stem cell content and function did not mediate gemcitabine relapse. As such, our studies reveal the cancer stem cell paradigm may be more complicated and cancer context-dependent, and must be rigorously functionally proven prior to clinical adoption.
Download or read book Isolation and Characterization of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cells derived from various organs and tumors that exhibit sphere-like growth in vitro include stem and early progenitors. Therefore, human prostate epithelial cells that can develop into "prostaspheres" may allow enrichment and characterization of these rare cell types. We have generated an extensive collection of prostaspheres, derived from normal and cancerous prostate specimens from patients undergoing urologic surgery at UCLA Medical Center. These prostaspheres have been evaluated for the functional abilities to self-renew and differentiate into the full complement of prostate epithelial cell types. In addition to interrogating stem-cell qualities, we evaluated whether normal and cancer prostaspheres could be distinguished. To do this, we performed FISH analysis on paraffin-embedded prostaspheres with probes detecting the TMPRSS-ERG translocation that has been described in the majority of human prostate cancers. We found that although approximately 70% of the prostate cancer specimens in our collection displayed the TMPRSS-ERG rearrangement, it was not present in the prostaspheres. The aims of our project are to define factors that enable prostate cancer cells containing the TMPRSS-ERG translocation to be isolated and maintained in vitro and in vivo so that cancer stem/progenitor populations can be characterized and interrogated.
Download or read book The Cancer Stem Cell Niche written by Susie Nilsson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-02-09 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cancer Stem Cell Niche, Volume Five in the Advances in Stem Cells and their Niches series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of timely topics, including Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and the bone marrow microenvironment, Stem cell niches in bone and their roles in cancer metastasis, The role of vasculature in cancer stem cell niches, The lung cancer stem cell niche, The prostate cancer stem cell niche: Genetic drivers and therapeutic approaches, Impact of prostate cancer stem cell niches on prostate cancer tumorigenesis and progression, The testicular cancer stem cell niche. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Advances in Stem Cells and their Niches series Includes the latest information on the Cancer Stem Cell Niche
Download or read book Cancer Stem Cells written by Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-01-27 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer Stem Cells covers a wide range of topics in cancer stem cell biology, including the functional characteristics of cancer stem cells and how they're generated, where they are localized, the means by which cancer stem cells can be targeted, and how cancer stem cells can be reprogrammed back to normal tissue stem cells. Each chapter begins with a brief historical note and concept summary, followed by a description of the latest basic or clinical advance associated with the topic. Cancer Stem Cells builds systematically from coverage of the basic research stage to an advanced research level, from clinical relevance to therapeutic potential, and will be a valuable resource for professionals in the fields of cancer research and stem cell biology.
Download or read book Cell Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer written by Heide Schatten and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers classic and modern cell and molecular biology of prostate cancer, as well as novel biomarkers, inflammation, centrosome pathologies, microRNAs, cancer initiation novel biomarkers, inflammation, centrosome pathologies, microRNAs, cancer initiation and genetics, epigenetics, mitochondrial dysfunctions and apoptosis, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis and progression to metastasis, and treatment strategies including clinical trials related to prostate cancer. Cell & Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer is one of two companion books comprehensively addressing the biology and clinical aspects of prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer: Molecular & Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment Stategies, the companion volume, discusses both classic and the most recent imaging approaches including analysis of needle biopsies, applications of nanoparticle probes and peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for detection, early diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Taken together, these volumes form one comprehensive and invaluable contribution to the literature.
Download or read book In Pursuit of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, various human tumors have been shown to contain cancer stem cells. These cells, although rare, appear to be the only cells that can regenerate tumor and mediate metastasis. Therefore, these rare cancer stem cells may be the only cells that actually matter to a tumor and to therapeutic interventions. Of great interest, these putative cancer stem cells preferentially express markers that are expressed on normal stem/progenitor cells. Prostate cancer (PCa) stem cells have not been definitively identified. Recently, I identified several populations of PCa stem/progenitor cells with different tumorigenicities and primitiveness in human PCa xenografts and cell lines. In this study, we seek to reevaluate the relevancy of my findings in human PCa samples. At present, we have worked with 25 human PCa samples of varying Gleason grades to set up tumorigenicity assays to test tumorigenic potential of CD133 and CD44-positive cells. Importantly, we have performed our homework in terms of fine-tuning conditions to give us prostatospheres and establish primary xenografts in order to carry out our proposed experiments. Preliminary in vitro experiments indicate that CD133 could mark self-renewing PCa stem-like cells in primary PCa samples. We currently have a number of tumorigenicity experiments in incubation and expect to obtain a readout within the next couple of months. We also expect to begin studies on the invasive and metastatic potentials of the populations sorted for our markers of interest in the near future.
Download or read book The Isolation and Characterization of Human Prostate Cancer Stem Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall objective of this proposal is to develop a durable cure for lethal prostate cancer through the elucidation of the role of cancer stem cells in the pathogenesis of the disease. During the past year, we have made the following significant findings: i) CD44, a putative prostate cancer stem cell marker, is localized to neuroendocrine cells in prostate cancer, ii) employing a specific feeder layer, it is possible to model prostate cancer initiation in vitro and iii) classic tissue recombination utilizing primary human prostate cancer cells, to the recapitulate the human disease, does not work. We are currently working to optimize and validate our in vitro model of prostate cancer initiation to facilitate cancer stem cell discovery as well as drug targeting.
Download or read book Midkine From Embryogenesis to Pathogenesis and Therapy written by Mine Ergüven and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-12 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carl Edward Sagan’s (1934-1996) one of the famous quotation was “Who are we? We find that we live on an insignificant planet of a humdrum star lost in a galaxy tucked away in some forgotten corner of a universe in which there are far more galaxies than people.“ From past to date, well-known molecules, enzymes, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates are studied in the pathogenesis of several diseases both as a diagnostic/prognostic biomarker and therapeutic agent. The underlying mechanism of unexplained diseases and failure of therapies are frequently studied with well-known biomarkers, but remain unclear in many cases. As Dr. Sagan said other keys are still waiting to be known in some forgotten corner of a body universe, we find strength to propose that one of them can be the growth factor with cytokine activity named “Midkine” This book summarizes the extensive up-to-date literature overeview with the lastest work of experts about midkine in a detailed format that conveys its role as both a pathologic factor and therapeutic agent.
Download or read book Novel Regulators of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Aggressiveness written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
