Download or read book Biological Insulating Liquids written by Ernst Peter Pagger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-01 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the state-of-the-art use of biological insulating liquids in detail. In recent years, more and more transformers filled with esters have been put into operation. This is because people recognize the benefits of ester liquids in terms of their fire safety (high flash and fire points) and environmental characteristics, judging from their biodegradability, their low CO2 footprint (only valid for natural ester) and their beneficial interactions with solid insulation, etc. One of the main reasons is that the water adsorption and absorption characteristics of these liquids are excellent and very different compared to mineral oil. The today’s discussion about climate change and global warming is an additional driver for using natural ester. Another advantage is that transformers filled with biological insulating liquids can operate with an overload of up to 150%. This is advantageous in the case of volatile energy generation from wind and solar power and in the supply of electrical energy for electromobility. Liquid inside electrical equipment is the lifeblood that serves both as a dielectric and a cooling medium. Some properties of these liquids differ from mineral oil, which had to be considered in the transformer design. The dielectric liquid is always in direct contact with transformer materials; therefore, the interaction should be very well understood, especially when retrofilling an existing mineral oil filled device. There are several natural ester fluids derived from various seeds and fruits on the market, and their properties may differ more or less. In the book, the most important properties of the different biological insulating fluids and mineral oil are compared. Ester fluids have already found their way into various standards. The condition of the device can be verified very well from the contents of the insulating liquids. For analysis and testing, the same equipment and devices that are commonly used for mineral oil are used for ester liquid. The chemical and physical behaviors of ester fluids compared to mineral oil are different. This must always be considered when interpreting test results stemming from ester fluids. The book is a guideline for students, original equipment manufacturers, users, laboratories and authorities in the use of biological insulating liquids.

Download or read book Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Industrial Engineering ICIE 2019 written by Andrey A. Radionov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-30 with total page 1257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights recent findings in industrial, manufacturing and mechanical engineering, and provides an overview of the state of the art in these fields, mainly in Russia and Eastern Europe. A broad range of topics and issues in modern engineering are discussed, including the dynamics of machines and working processes, friction, wear and lubrication in machines, surface transport and technological machines, manufacturing engineering of industrial facilities, materials engineering, metallurgy, control systems and their industrial applications, industrial mechatronics, automation and robotics. The book gathers selected papers presented at the 5th International Conference on Industrial Engineering (ICIE), held in Sochi, Russia in March 2019. The authors are experts in various fields of engineering, and all papers have been carefully reviewed. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to a wide readership, including mechanical and production engineers, lecturers in engineering disciplines, and engineering graduates.

Download or read book ASTM Standards on Chromatography written by and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1989 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Book of ASTM Standards written by ASTM International and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Book of ASTM Standards written by American Society for Testing and Materials and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Additives for High Performance Applications written by Johannes Karl Fink and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the chemistry of additives for high performance applications and a large number of chemical formulas are displayed in the text. The additives applications include: Analysis and separation techniques, such as high performance liquid chromatography, for example ionic liquids. Additives for electrical applications, such as capacitors, electrokinetic micropumps, lithium-ion batteries, and other battery types. Additives for solar cells for control of the active layer nanomorphology are documented as are additives for electrolyte membranes, fuel cells, such as membrane exchange humidifiers and coolant additives. Medical applications include high performance additives for the manufacture of scaffolds, controlled drug release, and nanofibers. Additives for lubricants including the deposit control, anti-wear additives, fluid loss control additives in drilling applications. Additives for concrete uses such as set retarders, curing accelerators, defoamers, permeability control additives, and corrosion protection additives.

Download or read book ASTM Standardization News written by American Society for Testing and Materials and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 866 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book IEEE Standards written by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings American Society for Testing and Materials written by American Society for Testing and Materials and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Book of ASTM Standards 1990 written by ASTM. and published by . This book was released on 1990-11 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Power Transformer Diagnostics Monitoring and Design Features written by Issouf Fofana, Ph.D. ing. Chairholder and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-01-09 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Power Transformer Diagnostics, Monitoring and Design Features" that was published in Energies

Download or read book Proceedings of the Annual Meeting written by American Society for Testing and Materials and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vol. 12 includes under the same cover the society's year-book for 1912.

Download or read book Index to A S T M Standards written by American Society for Testing and Materials and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indexes the Society's Book of A.S.T.M. standards, Book of A.S.T.M. tentative standards, Book of A.S.T.M. standards including tentative standards, A.S.T.M. methods of chemical analysis of metals, and the standards published in the Proceedings of the ... annual meeting[s].

Download or read book Book of ASTM Standards with Related Material written by American Society for Testing and Materials and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Book of A S T M Standards with Related Material written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Index and Directory of U S Industry Standards written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Concise Marine Almanac written by W. Tillar Shugg and published by Springer. This book was released on 1986-12-31 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: