Download or read book Special Relativity And Its Experimental Foundation written by Yuan-zhong Zhang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1997-11-29 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is divided into two parts. In the first part we introduce the foundations of special relativity, such as, the inertial frame of reference, the definition of simulataneity, and Einstein's two basic hypotheses. We give the main relativistic effects, e.g. the relativity of simultaneity, velocity addition, length-contraction, the apparent shape of a moving body, time-dilation, Doppler effect, and the Thomas precession, In particular, the simultaneity problem and slow transport of clocks are investigated in detail by means of the test theories of special relativity. In the second part, variant types of experiments performed up to now are analyzed and compared to the predictions of special relativity. This shows that the experiments are a test of the two-way speed of light, but not of the one-way speed of light.

Download or read book Special Relativity and Its Experimental Foundations written by Yuanzhong Zhang and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 1997 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ch. 1. Foundations of space-time theories. 1.1. Introduction. 1.2. Definition of inertial reference frame. 1.3. Simultaneity and clock synchronization. 1.4. Principle of relativity. 1.5. Velocity and simultaneity -- ch. 2. Relativistic kinematics. 2.1. Galilean transformation. 2.2. Lorentz transformation. 2.3. Four-dimensional Minkowski space-time. 2.4. Einstein's law of the addition of velocities. 2.5. Transformation of accelerations. 2.6. Infinitesimal Lorentz transformation. 2.7. Simultaneity and causality. 2.8. Contraction of a moving body. 2.9. Time dilation of a moving clock. 2.10. Aberration and Doppler effect. 2.11. The Thomas precession -- ch. 3. Relativistic mechanics. 3.1. Mass, momentum, force, work and energy. 3.2. Transformations of mass, momentum, energy and force -- ch. 4. Electrodynamics in media. 4.1. The fundamental equations. 4.2. Relativistic transformations of electromagnetic quantities. 4.3. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in a medium. 4.4. Reflection and refraction of electromagnetic waves -- ch. 5. The VPROCA vector field. 5.1. Covariant form of Maxwell's field equations. 5.2. Proca's vector field equations. 5.3. Dispersion in vacuum -- ch. 6. Edwards' theory. 6.1. Introduction. 6.2. One-way and two-way velocities of light. 6.3. Edwards transformation. 6.4. Anisotropic four-dimensional space-time. 6.5. Comparison among Edwards' theory and experiments. 6.6. On dynamics of Edwards' theory -- ch. 7. The general test theories. 7.1. Introduction. 7.2. Robertson's test theory. 7.3. Mansouri-Sexl (MS) transformation. 7.4. Comparison between the MS transformations and experiments. 7.5. Relationships among Lorentz and generalized transformations. 7.6. Comparison of different conventions -- ch. 8. The tests of Einstein's two postulates. 8.1. Introduction. 8.2. Tests of directionality. 8.3. The experiments with moving sources of light. 8.4. Summary of the tests of the constancy of the velocity of light. 8.5. Tests of the principle of special relativity -- ch. 9. The tests of time dilation. 9.1. The problem of clock paradox. 9.2. Around-the-world atomic clocks. 9.3. Doppler effect. 9.4. Lifetime dilation of moving mesons -- ch. 10. The electromagnetism experiments. 10.1. Introduction. 10.2. Electromagnetic induction of moving bodies. 10.3. The Fresnel drag effect. 10.4. Reflection at moving mirrors -- ch. 11. The tests of relativistic mechanics. 11.1. The test of variation of mass with velocity. 11.2. Relation of mass and energy -- ch. 12. The upper bounds on photon mass. 12.1. Dispersion effect of velocity of light in vacuum. 12.2. The tests of Coulomb's law. 12.3. The magnetostatic effect of photon mass. 12.4. The magnetohydrodynamic effects. 12.5. Other methods. 12.6. Summary -- ch. 13. The tests of Thomas precession. 13.1. The fine structure of atomic spectra. 13.2. Measurements for (g - 2) factor of leptons

Download or read book The Special Theory of Relativity written by Costas Christodoulides and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-09 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive, university-level introduction to Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity. In addition to the purely theoretical aspect, emphasis is also given to its historical development as well as to the experiments that preceded the theory and those performed in order to test its validity.The main body of the book consists of chapters on Relativistic Kinematics and Dynamics and their applications, Optics and Electromagnetism. These could be covered in a one-semester course. A more advanced course might include the subjects examined in the other chapters of the book and its appendices.As a textbook, it has some unique characteristics: It provides detailed proofs of the theorems, offers abundant figures and discusses numerous examples. It also includes a number of problems for readers to solve, the complete solutions of which are given at the end of the book.It is primarily intended for use by university students of physics, mathematics and engineering. However, as the mathematics needed is of an upper-intermediate level, the book will also appeal to a more general readership.

Download or read book THE SPECIAL THEORY OF RELATIVITY written by SRIRANJAN BANERJI and published by PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. This book was released on 2012-07-07 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The special theory of relativity, a monumental achievement of scientific creativity, appeared in 1905 as a culmination of deep and careful analysis of contradictions in old notions. The subject is now taught in almost all universities and colleges in the departments of physics and mathematics. This text is designed to give students a solid foundation in experimental background of the theory, relativistic kinematics, relativistic dynamics, and relativistic electrodynamics. What distinguishes the text are some special features, not found in other similar texts, that give a more intuitive understanding of the subject. Another important feature of the text is its clarity and correctness with which the principles, their relations, and their applications are set forth. This well-accepted book, now in its second edition, includes a brief account of the “properties of Cartesian tensors” and also adds “experimental verifications of the mass variation of a particle with velocity and the mass–energy equivalence relation” in Chapter 3. Besides, in Chapter 4, some calculations to show how the potentials obtained for a uniformly moving charge lead to Lorentz transformation have been added. It also includes some new problems in the exercise section of Chapters 2, 3 and 4 with their solutions given in the Appendix. The book will also be useful for competitive examinations to PG and Ph.D. courses. KEY FEATURES : Discusses relativistic mechanics and electrodynamics of continuous media. Presents the covariant four-dimensional formulation of relativistic mechanics and electrodynamics. Explains the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations in mechanics and electrodynamics. Describes the Terrell effect (visual appearance of moving objects) and the Thomas precession. Includes a large number of solved problems. Provides solutions to end-of-chapter exercises.

Download or read book Foundations Of The Hyperunified Field Theory written by Yue-liang Wu and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-09-28 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quest for the unification of fundamental interactions has become the most challenging frontier of sciences in the 21st century. This book presents a detailed analysis and systematic investigation of the foundations of the hyperunified field theory (HUFT) in light of the path integral formulation with the least action principle. Alternative to other unification theories, the starting point of HUFT is initiated from a simple notion that the universe is made of the fundamental building block which is always moving and obeys the basic rule. Such a rule is delved into in this book by proposing the maximum locally entangled-qubits motion principle together with the scaling and gauge invariance principle. These two basic guiding principles are demonstrated to lay the foundations of HUFT, which enable enables us to discuss a series of long-standing fundamental questions, such as: why does the fundamental building block of nature appear as an entangled qubit-spinor field? what brings about the fundamental symmetry of nature? how does the inhomogeneous hyperspin gauge symmetry govern all basic forces? what is the nature of gravity and space-time? how can the space-time dimension and qubit-spinor field be categorized? why do we live in a universe with only four-dimensional space-time? why are there more than one family of leptons and quarks? how does the early universe evolve to be inflationary? what is the nature of dark matter and dark energy?Foundations of the Hyperunified Field Theory will be of great interest to graduate and senior undergraduate students, junior and senior researchers in theoretical physics, quantum field theory, particle physics, gravitational theory, cosmology, as well as mathematical physics and general physics.

Download or read book Special Relativity in General Frames written by Éric Gourgoulhon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-20 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Special relativity is the basis of many fields in modern physics: particle physics, quantum field theory, high-energy astrophysics, etc. This theory is presented here by adopting a four-dimensional point of view from the start. An outstanding feature of the book is that it doesn’t restrict itself to inertial frames but considers accelerated and rotating observers. It is thus possible to treat physical effects such as the Thomas precession or the Sagnac effect in a simple yet precise manner. In the final chapters, more advanced topics like tensorial fields in spacetime, exterior calculus and relativistic hydrodynamics are addressed. In the last, brief chapter the author gives a preview of gravity and shows where it becomes incompatible with Minkowsky spacetime. Well illustrated and enriched by many historical notes, this book also presents many applications of special relativity, ranging from particle physics (accelerators, particle collisions, quark-gluon plasma) to astrophysics (relativistic jets, active galactic nuclei), and including practical applications (Sagnac gyrometers, synchrotron radiation, GPS). In addition, the book provides some mathematical developments, such as the detailed analysis of the Lorentz group and its Lie algebra. The book is suitable for students in the third year of a physics degree or on a masters course, as well as researchers and any reader interested in relativity. Thanks to the geometric approach adopted, this book should also be beneficial for the study of general relativity. “A modern presentation of special relativity must put forward its essential structures, before illustrating them using concrete applications to specific dynamical problems. Such is the challenge (so successfully met!) of the beautiful book by Éric Gourgoulhon.” (excerpt from the Foreword by Thibault Damour)

Download or read book Philosophy of Physics written by Tim Maudlin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-26 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical foundations of the physics of space-time This concise book introduces nonphysicists to the core philosophical issues surrounding the nature and structure of space and time, and is also an ideal resource for physicists interested in the conceptual foundations of space-time theory. Tim Maudlin's broad historical overview examines Aristotelian and Newtonian accounts of space and time, and traces how Galileo's conceptions of relativity and space-time led to Einstein's special and general theories of relativity. Maudlin explains special relativity with enough detail to solve concrete physical problems while presenting general relativity in more qualitative terms. Additional topics include the Twins Paradox, the physical aspects of the Lorentz-FitzGerald contraction, the constancy of the speed of light, time travel, the direction of time, and more. Introduces nonphysicists to the philosophical foundations of space-time theory Provides a broad historical overview, from Aristotle to Einstein Explains special relativity geometrically, emphasizing the intrinsic structure of space-time Covers the Twins Paradox, Galilean relativity, time travel, and more Requires only basic algebra and no formal knowledge of physics

Download or read book An Introduction To Special Relativity And Its Applications written by F N H Robinson and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 1996-01-11 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now nearly a century since special relativity reconciled seventeenth century dynamics and nineteenth century electromagnetism, yet physics students are almost invariably introduced to the subject as “MODERN PHYSICS” — and something of a mystery.This book, instead, treats special relativity as a useful branch of physics rather than as an astounding novelty. The emphasis is on its dynamical consequences, its effect on quantum mechanics (with all that this implies for chemistry and biology), the new insights that it provides in electromagnetism and its utility in problems such as calculating radiation from fast-moving charged particles. To avoid giving the impression that relativity somehow eliminates the distinction between time and space, 4-vector notation is not used until the latter part of the book.Since all the consequences of relativity arise from the Lorentz transformation, more than usual care is taken to show how it arises from simple notions about the uniformity of space and time, and the absence of any universal reference system at absolute rest. Recent studies in dynamics stress the critical difference between linearity and nonlinearity and so there is a proof that the transformation must be linear, something ignored by almost every other book on the subject.

Download or read book Revisiting the Foundations of Relativistic Physics written by Ashtekar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2) the globalization of capital has far outstripped the ability of current labor movements, organized at best on a national level, to conduct an effective defense of the interests of labor within capitalism, let alone to seriously challenge the cap italist system. To develop some form-or forms--of international organization of labor, long an ideological challenge ("Workers of the World Unite") has now become an urgent matter of survival for the labor movements of the world. Here is a challenge, on which I think broad agreement is possible: Even those who think capitalism is capable of indefinite survival must agree that it has functioned best in the past-for example, during the long period of post-World War II expansion when the power of capital has been effectively limited by the countervailing power of labor. Effective exercise of that power has always depended on overcoming the seg mentation of labor due to such factors as locality, race, gender, occupation, etc. , which stilIremain important. Above, I have singled out the two factors that today seem key to me: the split between mental and manual labor, and segmentation by nationality. Let all concerned about the current state of capitalism work to build up the countervailing power of labor, and let time show whether this results in nothing more than the better functioning of capitalism, or whether a new challenge to the system ultimately emerges.

Download or read book Fourteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting The On Recent Developments In Theoretical And Experimental General Relativity Astrophysics And Relativistic Field Theories Proceedings Of The Mg14 Meeting On General Relativity In 4 Parts written by Massimo Bianchi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 4784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The four volumes of the proceedings of MG14 give a broad view of all aspects of gravitational physics and astrophysics, from mathematical issues to recent observations and experiments. The scientific program of the meeting included 35 morning plenary talks over 6 days, 6 evening popular talks and 100 parallel sessions on 84 topics over 4 afternoons.Volume A contains plenary and review talks ranging from the mathematical foundations of classical and quantum gravitational theories including recent developments in string theory, to precision tests of general relativity including progress towards the detection of gravitational waves, and from supernova cosmology to relativistic astrophysics, including topics such as gamma ray bursts, black hole physics both in our galaxy and in active galactic nuclei in other galaxies, and neutron star, pulsar and white dwarf astrophysics.The remaining volumes include parallel sessions which touch on dark matter, neutrinos, X-ray sources, astrophysical black holes, neutron stars, white dwarfs, binary systems, radiative transfer, accretion disks, quasars, gamma ray bursts, supernovas, alternative gravitational theories, perturbations of collapsed objects, analog models, black hole thermodynamics, numerical relativity, gravitational lensing, large scale structure, observational cosmology, early universe models and cosmic microwave background anisotropies, inhomogeneous cosmology, inflation, global structure, singularities, chaos, Einstein-Maxwell systems, wormholes, exact solutions of Einstein's equations, gravitational waves, gravitational wave detectors and data analysis, precision gravitational measurements, quantum gravity and loop quantum gravity, quantum cosmology, strings and branes, self-gravitating systems, gamma ray astronomy, cosmic rays and the history of general relativity.

Download or read book Introduction to Special Relativity written by Robert Resnick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1991-01-16 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an excellent introduction to the theory of special relativity. Professor Resnick presents a fundamental and unified development of the subject with unusually clear discussions of the aspects that usually trouble beginners. He includes, for example, a section on the common sense of relativity. His presentation is lively and interspersed with historical, philosophical and special topics (such as the twin paradox) that will arouse and hold the reader's interest. You'll find many unique features that help you grasp the material, such as worked-out examples,summary tables,thought questions and a wealth of excellent problems. The emphasis throughout the book is physical. The experimental background, experimental confirmation of predictions, and the physical interpretation of principles are stressed. The book treats relativistic kinematics, relativistic dynamics, and relativity and electromagnetism and contains special appendices on the geometric representation of space-time and on general relativity. Its organization permits an instructor to vary the length and depth of his treatment and to use the book either with or following classical physics. These features make it an ideal companion for introductory courses.

Download or read book Special Relativity written by Michael Tsamparlis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-17 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Writing a new book on the classic subject of Special Relativity, on which numerous important physicists have contributed and many books have already been written, can be like adding another epicycle to the Ptolemaic cosmology. Furthermore, it is our belief that if a book has no new elements, but simply repeats what is written in the existing literature, perhaps with a different style, then this is not enough to justify its publication. However, after having spent a number of years, both in class and research with relativity, I have come to the conclusion that there exists a place for a new book. Since it appears that somewhere along the way, mathem- ics may have obscured and prevailed to the degree that we tend to teach relativity (and I believe, theoretical physics) simply using “heavier” mathematics without the inspiration and the mastery of the classic physicists of the last century. Moreover current trends encourage the application of techniques in producing quick results and not tedious conceptual approaches resulting in long-lasting reasoning. On the other hand, physics cannot be done a ́ la carte stripped from philosophy, or, to put it in a simple but dramatic context A building is not an accumulation of stones! As a result of the above, a major aim in the writing of this book has been the distinction between the mathematics of Minkowski space and the physics of r- ativity.

Download or read book Einstein and Soviet Ideology written by Alexander Vucinich and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the historical trajectory of one of the most momentous confrontations in the intellectual life of the Soviet Union—the conflict between Einstein's theory of relativity and official Soviet ideology embodied in dialectical materialism. It describes how Soviet attitudes toward Einstein's theory of relativity changed again and again during the eras of Soviet history: pre-Stalin, Stalin, post-Stalin, and perestroika.

Download or read book The Special Theory of Relativity bound with Relativity A Very Elementary Exposition written by Herbert Dingle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Special Theory of Relativity: Based on a short course of lectures delivered in the late 1930s, this short book presents the theory of Special Relativity by formulating a redefinition of the measurement of length, and thus will appeal to students of physics who wish to think through Einstein’s thought without the encumbrance of quasi-scientific concepts and language. Relativity: A Very Elementary Exposition: This brief lecture, delivered in October 1921 and published for the first time in 1925, offers an explanation of Einstein’s theory of Special Relativity for the non-scientist, giving a general overview that does justice both to the actual physics involved, and the wider implications of this revolutionary discovery of the 20th century.

Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to Einstein written by Michel Janssen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These fourteen essays by leading historians and philosophers of science introduce the reader to the work of Albert Einstein. Following an introduction that places Einstein's work in the context of his life and times, the essays explain his main contributions to physics in terms that are accessible to a general audience, including special and general relativity, quantum physics, statistical physics, and unified field theory. The closing essays explore the relation between Einstein's work and twentieth-century philosophy, as well as his political writings.

Download or read book Unsolved Problems in Special and General Relativity written by Florentin Smarandache and published by Infinite Study. This book was released on 2013 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Broader View Of Relativity A General Implications Of Lorentz And Poincare Invariance 2nd Edition written by Jong-ping Hsu and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2006-09-08 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Broader View of Relativity shows that there is still new life in old physics. The book examines the historical context and theoretical underpinnings of Einstein's theory of special relativity and describes Broad Relativity, a generalized theory of coordinate transformations between inertial reference frames that includes Einstein's special relativity as a special case. It shows how the principle of relativity is compatible with multiple concepts of physical time and how these different procedures for clock synchronization can be useful for thinking about different physical problems, including many-body systems and the development of a Lorentz-invariant thermodynamics. Broad relativity also provides new answers to old questions such as the necessity of postulating the constancy of the speed of light and the viability of Reichenbach's general concept of time. The book also draws on the idea of limiting-four-dimensional symmetry to describe coordinate transformations and the physics of particles and fields in non-inertial frames, particularly those with constant linear accelerations. This new edition expands the discussion on the role that human conventions and unit systems have played in the historical development of relativity theories and includes new results on the implications of broad relativity for clarifying the status of constants that are truly fundamental and inherent properties of our universe.