Download or read book Social Inequality in the Early Bronze Age at Bab Edh Dhra Jordan written by Natalie Patience and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bab edh-Dhra is the most extensively excavated cemetery from Early Bronze Age, Jordan. Despite thorough study, the social structure and existence of social inequality remain unclear. This was addressed using osteological evidence of physiological stress to compare between family tombs. In societies exhibiting social inequality, individuals of lower status experience higher levels of stress. Evidence of physiological stress (femoral length, LEH, metabolic disorders, periosteal reactions, cribra orbitalia, and porotic hyperostosis) was recorded using standard methods for 250 adults. The artifact counts in this study have been previously published. Differences in the frequency of stress indicators were compared using chi-square tests. The results show no difference in the frequency of stress indicators between tombs and no correlation between artifacts and frequency of stress indicators. This indicates that families at Bab edh-Dhra experienced similar stress levels and low inequality. This may be due to cultural practices, subsistence methods or lack of data.

Download or read book The Early Bronze Age I Tombs and Burials of B b Edh Dhr Jordan written by Donald J. Ortner and published by Rowman Altamira. This book was released on 2008 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is the result of decades of analysis of the skeletal material from the Early Bronze Age I tombs at the site of Bâb edh-Dhrâ', Jordan.

Download or read book Kinship and Social Structure at Early Bronze IA Bab Edh Dhra Jordan written by Gillian R. Bentley and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Archaeology of the Bronze Age Levant written by Raphael Greenberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-07 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date, systematic depiction of Bronze Age societies of the Levant, their evolution, and their interactions and entanglements with neighboring regions.

Download or read book The Dawn of the Bronze Age written by Shay Bar and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Dawn of the Bronze Age Shay Bar presents a detailed account of the pattern of settlement during the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age I periods (mid-Fifth to late Fourth Millennia BCE), in one of the least explored areas of the southern Levant – the lower Jordan valley and the desert fringes of the Samaria mountains. More than 120 surveyed sites and five excavation reports form an essential database for every scholar interested in the archaeology of the Near East in these periods. "Bar has accomplished an impressive task and has provided valuable new information on this important region that forms the transition between the central hill country and the eastern side of the Jordan River." Eva Kaptijn, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Bibliotheca Orientalis LXXIV n° 1-2 (2017)

Download or read book Skeletal Health Changes and Increasing Sedentism at Early Bronze Age Bab Edh Dhra Jordan written by Jaime Marie Ullinger and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finally, there was no evidence that the EBII-III inhabitants were not the descendents of the earlier EBIA people. Cranial non-metric trait frequencies suggested that the EBIA group may have been more heterogeneous, but they also represented numerous family tombs, as opposed to the one large charnel house from EBII-III.

Download or read book Ten Thousand Years of Inequality written by Timothy A. Kohler and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2019-02-19 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is wealth inequality a universal feature of human societies, or did early peoples live an egalitarian existence? How did inequality develop before the modern era? Did inequalities in wealth increase as people settled into a way of life dominated by farming and herding? Why in general do such disparities increase, and how recent are the high levels of wealth inequality now experienced in many developed nations? How can archaeologists tell? Ten Thousand Years of Inequality addresses these and other questions by presenting the first set of consistent quantitative measurements of ancient wealth inequality. The authors are archaeologists who have adapted the Gini index, a statistical measure of wealth distribution often used by economists to measure contemporary inequality, and applied it to house-size distributions over time and around the world. Clear descriptions of methods and assumptions serve as a model for other archaeologists and historians who want to document past patterns of wealth disparity. The chapters cover a variety of ancient cases, including early hunter-gatherers, farmer villages, and agrarian states and empires. The final chapter synthesizes and compares the results. Among the new and notable outcomes, the authors report a systematic difference between higher levels of inequality in ancient Old World societies and lower levels in their New World counterparts. For the first time, archaeology allows humanity’s deep past to provide an account of the early manifestations of wealth inequality around the world. Contributors Nicholas Ames Alleen Betzenhauser Amy Bogaard Samuel Bowles Meredith S. Chesson Abhijit Dandekar Timothy J. Dennehy Robert D. Drennan Laura J. Ellyson Deniz Enverova Ronald K. Faulseit Gary M. Feinman Mattia Fochesato Thomas A. Foor Vishwas D. Gogte Timothy A. Kohler Ian Kuijt Chapurukha M. Kusimba Mary-Margaret Murphy Linda M. Nicholas Rahul C. Oka Matthew Pailes Christian E. Peterson Anna Marie Prentiss Michael E. Smith Elizabeth C. Stone Amy Styring Jade Whitlam

Download or read book Archaeologies of Complexity written by Robert Chapman and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Chapman addresses the nature of contemporary archaeology and the study of social change, and debates the transition from perceived simple, egalitarian societies to our complex modern world.

Download or read book Archaeology of Domestic Architecture and the Human Use of Space written by Sharon R Steadman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-16 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first text to focus specifically on the archaeology of domestic architecture. Covering major theoretical and methodological developments over recent decades in areas like social institutions, settlement types, gender, status, and power, this book addresses the developing understanding of where and how people in the past created and used domestic space. It will be a useful synthesis for scholars and an ideal text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in archaeology and architecture. The book-covers the relationship of architectural decisions of ancient peoples with our understanding of social and cultural institutions;-includes cases from every continent and all time periods-- from the Paleolithic of Europe to present-day African villages;-is ideal for the growing number of courses on household archaeology, social archaeology, and historical and vernacular architecture.

Download or read book Dolmens in the Levant written by James A. Fraser and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-17 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Western explorers first encountered dolmens in the Levant, they thought they had discovered the origins of a megalithic phenomenon that spread as far as the Atlantic coast. Although European dolmens are now considered an unrelated tradition, many researchers continue to approach dolmens in the Levant as part of a trans-regional phenomenon that spanned the Taurus mountains to the Arabian peninsula. By tightly defining the term 'dolmen' itself, this book brings these mysterious monuments into sharper focus. Drawing on historical, archaeological and geological sources, it is shown that dolmens in the Levant mostly concentrate in the eastern escarpment of the Jordan Rift Valley, and in the Galilean hills. They cluster near proto-urban settlements of the Early Bronze I period (3700–3000 BCE) in particular geological zones suitable for the extraction of megalithic slabs. Rather than approaching dolmens as a regional phenomenon, this book considers dolmens as part of a local burial tradition whose tomb forms varied depending on geological constraints. Dolmens in the Levant is essential for anyone interested in the rise of civilisations in the ancient Middle East, and particularly those who have wondered at the origins of these enigmatic burial monuments that dominate the landscape.

Download or read book The Early Bronze Age written by Peter M. Fischer and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Kinship and Social Structure at Early Bronze IA Bab Edh Dhra Jordan written by Gillian R. Bentley and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Early Bronze Age Goods Exchange in the Southern Levant written by Ianir Milevski and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-17 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Southern Levant was a thriving centre of religious and cultural exchange during the Bronze Age. 'Early Bronze Age Goods Exchange in the Southern Levant' provides an overview of the sources and distribution of commodities. The book presents a study of key production centres and the process of purchase and exchange. The book establishes a theoretical framework - based in political economy, ethnoarchaeology and economic anthropology - for understanding the exchange of commodities in a precapitalist society. 'Early Bronze Age Goods Exchange in the Southern Levant' is unique in presenting archaeological sources and prehistoric economics through modern, notably Marxist, theories of human development.

Download or read book Settlement and Society in the Early Bronze Age I and II Southern Levant written by Alexander H. Joffe and published by Burns & Oates. This book was released on 1993 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the development of indigenous patterns of small-scale complexity during the Early Bronze I and II periods (ca. 3500-2700 BCE) in the Southern Levant. Aspects of methodology are outlined, including an assessment of archaeological surveys and their limitations. The book discusses the background to the emergence of complex societies during the fourth and third millennia BCE, suggesting that the Southern Levant was 'preadapted' to cycles of rising and collapsing complexity by mechanisms of social decomposition and reformulation. Using settlement pattern data as a focal point, the book synthesizes the available data for the emergence of Early Bronze II 'urbanism' and trade-oriented economies in the Southern Levant from Early Bronze I village-level organization, stressing the importance of intersocietal contacts, Mediterranean crop production, and highland-lowland exchange. The book is designed to synthesize the evidence for early urban development in the Southern Levant, and to situate the discussion in terms generally associated with the large 'core' civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt. It therefore addresses issues of interest to scholars working in the Southern Levant as well as those seeking cross-cultural perspectives on early complex societies.

Download or read book Early Bronze Age Chipped Stone Tools from Bab Edh Dhra and Numeira and Their Implications Concerning Regional Development in the Levant written by Mark A. McConaughy and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Different forms of social inequality in Bronze Age Italy written by Andrea Cardarelli and published by Gangemi Editore spa. This book was released on 2017-04-05T00:00:00+02:00 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of forms of inequality in mainland Italy is analyzed for the periods between the Early Bronze Age and the beginning of the Late Bronze Age (Recent Bronze Age). Basically about a millennium (ca. 2200-1150 BC) during which a trend towards more structured and hierarchical forms of social and political organization can be observed. In this perspective, the earliest forms of inequality – i.e., based on established forms of economic differentiation, and not only on rank – are visible at the threshold of the Recent Bronze Age in some regions. This paper reconsiders the model developed by Renato Peroni since 1970s, on the basis of the main archaeological evidence of recent years. Although the overall validity of that model is acknowledged, the wealth of recent evidence provides the opportunity to update and integrate the former model in several, substantial aspects. | Lo sviluppo di forme di diseguaglianza nel continente italiano possono essere colte fra il Bronzo Antico e il Bronzo Recente (2200 -1150 a.C.). In linea generale durante questo periodo è riconoscibile un generalizzato sviluppo di modelli socio-economici e politici con crescenti livelli di articolazione e gerarchia sociale. Tuttavia le prime forme di consolidate differenziazioni su base economica, e non solo basate su diversi livelli di rango, sembrano potersi cogliere in alcuni ambiti geografici solo alle soglie del Bronzo Recente. In questo articolo viene rivisitato e riconsiderato il modello proposto da Peroni a partire dagli anni settanta del secolo scorso riguardante le diverse forme di formazioni socio-economiche della protostoria. Sulla base delle maggiori evidenze archeologiche emerse negli ultimi due decenni vengono proposte alcune sostanziali integrazioni e modifiche al modello originario.

Download or read book Occupation and Abandonment of Middle Bronze Age Zahrat Adh Dhra 1 Jordan written by Ilya Berelov and published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited. This book was released on 2006 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his study of the inhabitants of Zahrat adh-Dhra' 1 on the Dead Sea Plain of Jordan, the author presents a behavioral study of a Bronze Age community and provides a useful and complimentary addition to the enormous body of archaeological work conducted on chronology, culture history and trade in the southern Levant. This monograph takes as its focus the controversial realm of ancient behavior. The author's detailed approach arises from the specific necessities surrounding investigations into behavior through archaeological materials and the broad range of materials employed in this work includes subsistence, trade, housing, the preparation of food, waste management, as well as attitudes to communal activities and levels of permanence. The study makes full use of all these variables and tries to understand them within a framework of site formation processes - so crucial to interpretations of material evidence. The result is a comprehensive picture of a unique community, isolated from its contemporaries and living out a frugal existence in a harsh and marginal setting - the inhabitants of Zahrat adh-Dhra' 1 on the Dead Sea Plain of Jordan. The author has attempted to portray accurately ongoing behavioral tendencies, thereby contributing to our knowledge of south Levantine Bronze Age society.