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Book Small Incision Lenticule Extraction  SMILE   Surgical Technique and Challenges

Download or read book Small Incision Lenticule Extraction SMILE Surgical Technique and Challenges written by Jeewan S Titiyal and published by JP Medical Ltd. This book was released on 2017-12-31 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is a relatively new refractive procedure designed to treat a multitude of refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, and astigmatism. The procedure involves using a femtosecond laser to create a corneal lenticule which is extracted whole through a small incision without the use of a traditional excrimer laser. It is a painless procedure and is reported to achieve excellent post-operative outcomes (American Academy of Ophthalmology). This book is a complete guide to the new technique of SMILE surgery providing refractive surgeons with an overview of surgical procedure, refractive and physiological outcomes, complications and their management, and future applications. Beginning with an introduction to the history and development of femtosecond lasers, the next chapters discuss patient selection and the principles of the technique. The following sections cover outcomes, complications, and offer a comparison between SMILE and Femtosecond LASIK. The book features an interactive DVD ROM offering step by step guidance on surgical technique, and is highly illustrated with self-explanatory diagrams, clinical photographs and ASOCT images. Key points Complete guide to SMILE techniques for refractive surgeons Step by step guide to surgical procedure, outcomes, complications and future applications Includes interactive DVD ROM demonstrating surgical techniques Highly illustrated with diagrams, photographs and ASOCT images

Book The Surgeon   s Guide to SMILE

Download or read book The Surgeon s Guide to SMILE written by Dan Reinstein and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-06-01 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corneal refractive surgeons are likely already familiar with the theory behind small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and the excellent postoperative outcomes it can achieve, but they were left without a thorough and comprehensive guide to performing the procedure, until now. The Surgeon’s Guide to SMILE: Small Incision Lenticule Extraction is designed to provide surgeons who are interested in starting or are already performing SMILE with a detailed description of the preoperative assessment, surgical technique, and postoperative management of SMILE treatments. This book by Professor Dan Z. Reinstein, Mr. Timothy J. Archer, and Dr. Glenn I. Carp is designed as a surgical video-fellowship, focusing on the granular details of every aspect of patient preparation and management with special attention to how to perform a perfect routine SMILE procedure. The protocols and methods are sourced in both the published scientific evidence and the extensive experience and expertise of the authors. It also includes tips and tricks of how to manage the full range of possible scenarios and complications that can occur during and after a SMILE surgery. Each process described in the book is accompanied by at least one, and in many cases numerous, narrated video examples. Bonus! This dynamic learning tool is supplemented by the SMILE video library containing over 16 hours of surgical videos and tutorials hosted on a companion website. The succinct and demonstrative style of The Surgeon’s Guide to SMILE: Small Incision Lenticule Extraction will help novice and experienced SMILE surgeons alike learn important techniques and improve their outcomes. From the Foreword: “The reader is in for a treat, receiving authoritative technical information from seasoned leaders in the field of refractive surgery, who have attained tremendous experience in excimer laser ablation and who have also been on the forefront of scientific evaluation of the new femtosecond only surgical approach that is SMILE.” -J. Bradley Randleman, MD, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA

Book Small Incision Lenticule Extraction  SMILE

Download or read book Small Incision Lenticule Extraction SMILE written by Walter Sekundo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-03 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book an international panel of authors offer a clear, step-by-step approach to Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE), a new refractive procedure approved for the treatment of myopia and astigmatism that is a truly minimally invasive key-hole type surgery. The book opens by discussing important fundamentals of the technology, followed by a close look at the healing response. The current surgical techniques are then described in detail with the aim of providing easy-to-understand guidance for all who wish to perform SMILE surgery or to identify solutions to pitfalls that may arise during the learning curve. Further sections cover the clinical science relating to SMILE (explaining underlying principles), discuss ongoing investigations to further expand the spectrum of SMILE surgery and offer suggestions on how to market the procedure and communicate it to the prospective patient. This guide is “a must” for everyone who wishes to enter the exciting world of SMILE.

Book The Surgeon s Guide to SMILE

Download or read book The Surgeon s Guide to SMILE written by Dan Z. Reinstein and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Surgeon's Guide to SMILE: Small Incision Lenticule Extraction is designed to provide surgeons who are interested in starting or are already performing SMILE with a detailed description of the preoperative assessment, surgical technique, and postoperative management of SMILE treatments. This book is intended to act as a surgical fellowship, focusing on the details of how to perform a perfect routine SMILE procedure without needing to summarize the scientific evidence for SMILE. It also includes tips and tricks of how to manage the full range of possible scenarios and complications that can occur during and after a SMILE surgery and each process described in the book will be accompanied by at least one (and in many cases numerous) video examples"--

Book The Surgeon s Guide to SMILE

Download or read book The Surgeon s Guide to SMILE written by Dan Z. Reinstein and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Surgeon's Guide to SMILE: Small Incision Lenticule Extraction is designed to provide surgeons who are interested in starting or are already performing SMILE with a detailed description of the preoperative assessment, surgical technique, and postoperative management of SMILE treatments.

Book SMILE

    Book Details:
  • Author : Claudio Orlich Dunddorf
  • Publisher : Jaypee Brothers,Medical Publishers Pvt. Limited
  • Release : 2017-08-31
  • ISBN : 9789962717003
  • Pages : 230 pages

Download or read book SMILE written by Claudio Orlich Dunddorf and published by Jaypee Brothers,Medical Publishers Pvt. Limited. This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Albert and Jakobiec s Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology

Download or read book Albert and Jakobiec s Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology written by Daniel M. Albert and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keeping up to date with advances in comprehensive ophthalmology and in the ophthalmic sub-specialties is extremely difficult because of the accelerating rapidity with which new information and technology become available and the diminishing time and opportunity for practitioners and trainees to read and learn. The first edition of Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice (1994) was conceived with the idea of utilizing an electronic, updated version in which the chapters were revised by the chapter authors on an annual or semi-annual basis, but the technology was not sufficiently advanced to achieve this goal. Subsequent editions (2000 and 2008) were organized by Saunders and the last published by Elsevier (of which Springer has obtained the complete rights to move forward with the 4th edition). For nearly three decades, this text has provided its readers with authoritative and comprehensive coverage of clinical ophthalmology, written and edited by a group of authors who represented a "Who's Who" in ophthalmology. By using Springer's Meteor platform, with its ability to allow authors and editors access to updating their chapters online annually/semi-annually, and with the recruitment of select chapter authors, this work's usefulness as the standard text in ophthalmology will be maintained and expanded upon by Springer. The 4th edition of this comprehensive and authoritative text is written by hundreds of the most distinguished authorities from around the world and edited by four leaders in the field, providing today's best answers to every question that arises in ophthalmology practice. Richly illustrated with thousands of high quality, full color, clinically-relevant images, Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology, 4th Edition covers every scientific and clinical principle in ophthalmology, ensuring that the reader will always be able to find the guidance needed to diagnose and manage patients' ocular problems and meet today's standards of care. Written for practicing ophthalmologists and trainees, this book delivers in-depth guidance on new diagnostic approaches, operative techniques, and treatment options, as well as coherent explanations of new scientific concept and its clinical importance. The 4th edition will prove to be the source every practicing clinician needs to efficiently and confidently overcome any clinical challenge they may face. Updates include new chapters on anterior and posterior segment diseases, as well as chapters more focused on treatment, plus thousands of new, high-quality, color images and illustrations, updated references, and information on the most cutting-edge technology used by clinicians in their practices today. Additionally, readers will enjoy the same, user-friendly, full-color design they remember from the previous edition, complete with many at-a-glance summary tables, algorithms, boxes, and diagrams that allow the reader to locate the assistance needed more rapidly than ever. .

Book Current Concepts in Refractive Surgery

Download or read book Current Concepts in Refractive Surgery written by Jeewan S Titiyal and published by Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. This book was released on 2021-10-30 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refractive surgery is eye surgery to improve the refractive state of the eye and reduce or eliminate the need for glasses or contact lenses. The most common type of refractive surgery uses lasers to reshape the curvature of the cornea. This book is a practical guide to the latest advances in refractive surgery procedures. Beginning with an introduction to the evolution of refractive surgery, the next section discusses pre-operative workup, patient evaluation, and decision making. The following sections cover different refractive procedures including corneal ablative, refractive lenticule extraction, lens-based surgeries, enhancements and retreatments, and presbyopia (a condition associated with aging). The final section covers a selection of miscellaneous topics such as bioptics, collagen cross-linking, intracorneal ring segments, incisional surgery, and challenging scenarios. Each section is highly illustrated and provides in depth detail on machines and laser platforms, surgical techniques, outcomes, and potential complications and their management. Key points Practical guide to latest advances in refractive surgery Covers numerous different procedures In depth detail on techniques, outcomes, equipment and complications Highly illustrated with clinical photographs and figures

Book Custom LASIK

    Book Details:
  • Author : Lucio Buratto
  • Publisher :
  • Release : 2003
  • ISBN :
  • Pages : 824 pages

Download or read book Custom LASIK written by Lucio Buratto and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Custom LASIK: Surgical Techniques and Complications is the most comprehensive resource on LASIK currently available. This new edition of LASIK: Surgical Techniques and Complications has been revised and updated to include the latest in wavefront technology, new microkeratome instruments, and the most recent surgical procedures, in addition to various complex cases and complications. The collaboration of Drs. Buratto and Brint, along with a team of international surgeons, have produced a complete text specifically to improve the quality of vision. Amateur surgeons benefit from the format in which basic surgical procedures are explained. Advanced laser procedure with ablations and intralase without the blade are more advanced techniques specifically detailed to assist the expert surgeon. The scope of this new edition is designed to provide the multitude of LASIK techniques that have emerged and the technological advancements that have made them possible. With over 1,000 color illustrations demonstrating the various procedures and concepts, readers are able to develop a more thorough understanding of LASIK. These images supplement the wealth of surgical strategies presented throughout this resource.

Book Difficult and Complicated Cases in Refractive Surgery

Download or read book Difficult and Complicated Cases in Refractive Surgery written by Jorge L. Alió and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-25 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This richly illustrated book is intended as a gold standard for the refractive surgeon. It complements the authors’ successful previous book, Management of Complications in Refractive Surgery, by providing detailed practical information on the management of specific cases. Worldwide leaders in the field document a wide range of challenging cases drawn from their own clinical practice. These cases relate to the planning of refractive laser treatment; intra operative complications when using LASIK (Microkeratome and Femtosecond) and various surface treatments, including PRK, PTK and EpiLASIK; early and late postoperative complications with these treatments and a range of other complications that may arise during or after refractive surgery. This book will be an indispensable aid for the refractive surgeon and will assist in decision making when the surgeon is confronted by a difficult case.

Book Complications in Corneal Laser Surgery

Download or read book Complications in Corneal Laser Surgery written by Stephan J. Linke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Practical Astigmatism

    Book Details:
  • Author : Noel Alpins
  • Publisher : CRC Press
  • Release : 2024-06-01
  • ISBN : 1040140009
  • Pages : 241 pages

Download or read book Practical Astigmatism written by Noel Alpins and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-06-01 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surgical correction of astigmatism is the last frontier to optimizing visual outcomes for patients. Practical Astigmatism: Planning and Analysis is a comprehensive guide to correcting astigmatism from pre-operative planning to post-operative analysis. This provides readers with unique insight to what actually happened surgically: did the astigmatism over or under correct? Was it on-axis or off-axis? With this book, ophthalmologists will be able to analyze previous procedures with the appropriate nomograms and more often achieve targeted outcomes. Dr. Noel Alpins has developed the Alpins Method of astigmatism to provide accurate planning and analysis of astigmatism procedures. His method focuses on analyzing refractive and corneal astigmatism parameters and using the results in future surgery to improve visual outcomes. The importance of the ocular residual astigmatism (ORA) is detailed when planning astigmatism surgery. Practical Astigmatism features vector planning for refractive laser surgery as well as planning and analysis applied to cataract and limbal relaxing incisions, , in addition to demonstrating graphical analysis of astigmatism using high quality vector and fan diagrams, as used in scientific journals. In addition, hemidivisional analysis of the irregular cornea, corneal coupling in incisional and excimer laser surgery for mixed astigmatism and toric IOL planning with total corneal power using corneal topographic astigmatism (CorT total) are addressed as well. Some Questions Answered Inside: What is the difference between regular and irregular astigmatism? How do I diagnose each, and how does this affect my surgical technique? Can I incorporate corneal astigmatism when performing excimer laser surgery? Why are my LRIs undercorrecting the astigmatism? Is it safe to perform excimer laser on keratoconous patients? Which corneal astigmatism measure do I choose and what do I do following a refractive surprise? Practical Astigmatism: Planning and Analysis will help ophthalmologists, optometrists, and technicians alike address each patient’s unique circumstances and act as your in-depth guide to correcting astigmatism. Testimonials... “For more than three decades I have been listening to, arguing with, and admiring the work of Dr. Noel Alpins in the field of astigmatism. Despite his remote location on the small island of Australia, his knowledge of astigmatism is at the peak of Mt. Everest. There are few others who have devoted their careers to understanding and managing astigmatism for which the world of ophthalmology is truly grateful.” - Robert H. Osher, MD “Noel is an original thinker who took on and conquered the complexities of astigmatism analysis, publishing the seminal papers on the way. His work has formed the cornerstone from which our current understanding and management of astigmatism has been built. He is someone from whom we have all learnt a great deal and this book is a testament to this.” - Dan Z Reinstein, MD MA(Cantab) FRCSC DABO FRCOphth FEBO

Book Corneal Biomechanics

    Book Details:
  • Author : C.J. Roberts
  • Publisher : Kugler Publications
  • Release : 2017-05-15
  • ISBN : 9062998763
  • Pages : 328 pages

Download or read book Corneal Biomechanics written by C.J. Roberts and published by Kugler Publications. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While lecturing in recent months at a number of prominent institutions, I asked some of the residents and fellows whether and how they might benefit from a book on corneal biomechanics. The typical response was the look of a deer caught in the headlights as they tried to intuit the “appropriate” answer, but had little understanding or insight as to why this would be an important and useful knowledge base for them now, or in the future. I then posed the question differently. “Would a book that explained corneal biomechanical principles and testing devices and their application in detecting eyes at risk for developing keratoconus and post-LASIK ectasia, understanding the biomechanical impact of specific types of keratorefractive surgery and riboflavin UV-A corneal collagen cross-linking, and the impact of corneal biomechanics on the fidelity of intraocular pressure measurement and risk for glaucoma progression be of interest?” Framed in this context, the answer I got was a resounding, “Yes!” Therein lies a fundamental disconnect that highlights both the opportunity and need to educate all ophthalmologists about this nascent field. This comprehensive book is strengthened by the breadth of contributions from leading experts around the world and provides an important resource for ophthalmologists at all levels of training and experience. It gives a panoramic snapshot of our understanding of corneal biomechanics today, bridging the gap between theoretical principles, testing devices that are commercially available and in development as well as current and potential future clinical applications. While there has been a long-held appreciation that all types of keratorefractive surgery have an impact and interdependence on corneal biomechanics and wound healing, the initial finite element analyses that were applied to understand radial keratotomy were limited by incorrect assumptions that the cornea was a linear, elastic, homogenous, isotropic material.1 With the advent of excimer laser vision correction, critical observations indicated that Munnerlyn’s theoretic ablation profiles did not account for either lower or higher order (e.g. spherical aberration) refractive outcomes,2 suggesting that there were important components missing from the equation—e.g., corneal biomechanics and wound healing. In a seminal editorial, Roberts3 pointed out that the cornea is not a piece of plastic, but rather a material with viscoelastic qualities. Since that time, much has been learned about spatial and depth- related patterns of collagen orientation and interweaving, as well as the biomechanical response to different keratorefractive surgeries that sever tension-bearing lamellae, as the cornea responds to and redistributes stress induced by IOP, hydration, eye rubbing, blinking and extraocular muscle forces.3-6 The first reports of post-LASIK ectasia7 highlighted the need to identify a biomechanical signature of early keratoconus as well as corneas at high risk of developing ectasia irrespective of their current topography or tomography. The introduction of two instruments into clinical use—the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) and the Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST)—that allow measurement of various biomechanical metrics further catapulted the field. The availability of these instruments in routine clinical settings allowed the systematic study of the effect of age, collagen disorders, collagen cross-linking, corneal rings, flaps of various depths, contour, sidecut angulation, pockets, and flockets, just to name of few. Future application of biomechanics to the sclera may improve our understanding of the development and prevention of myopia, as well as scleral surgeries and treatments under development for presbyopia. It was appreciated by Goldmann and Schmidt that corneal thickness and curvature would influence the measurement of applanation tonometry. The recent ability to measure some corneal biomechanical metrics have led to IOP measurement that may be more immune both to their influence and the impact of central corneal thickness (CCT). Certain chapters in this book explain how a thin cornea could be stiffer than a thick one and that stiffness is also impacted by IOP, thereby precluding simplistic attempts to adjust IOP measurements using nomograms based upon CCT alone. Also highlighted is how corneal hysteresis, the ability of the cornea to absorb and dissipate energy during the bidirectional applanation response to a linear Gaussian air puff, appears to be an independent risk factor for glaucoma progression and rate of progression.9,10 This comprehensive book starts out with a section devoted to outlining basic biomechanical principles and theories, teaching us the language of what Dupps11 has referred to as “mechanospeak”, thus providing a context and common vocabulary to better comprehend the following chapters. By first defining basic concepts such as stress-strain relationships and creep, this theoretical basis is later applied to explain the pathogenesis of corneal diseases, e.g., explaining how a focal abnormality in corneal biomechanical properties precipitates a cycle of decompensation and localized thinning and steepening, clinically expressed as ectasia progression. These early chapters further detail biomechanical differences between in-vivo and ex-vivo testing, between human and animal corneas and sclera, and between methods of testing. The second section provides a thorough description of two FDA-approved devices to measure corneal biomechanics in the clinic (i.e., the ORA and the Corvis ST), as well as an overview of potential future technologies, including OCT with air puff stimulus, ocular pulse elastography, and Brilloiun microscopy. The third and final section of the book is a thorough treatise on how to interpret the metrics derived from the waveform provided by available clinical devices; their adjunct use in ectasia risk screening; the comparative biomechanical impact of various keratorefractive surgeries and corneal procedures such as PRK, LASIK, SMILE, and corneal collagen cross-linking; the impact of corneal biomechanics on IOP measurement; and potential biomechanical markers of enhanced susceptibility to glaucoma progression. This compendium of our current knowledge of corneal biomechanics, its measurement and application, provides a strong foundation to more fully understand advances in keratorefractive and corneal surgery, diseases, and treatments, all of which are interdependent on and influence inherent corneal biomechanical properties and behavior. Both the robust aspects and limitations of our current understanding are presented, including the challenge of creating accurate and predictive finite element models that incorporate the impact of IOP, corneal thickness, geometry, and scleral properties on corneal biomechanics. This book provides a key allowing clinical ophthalmologists and researchers to grasp the basics and nuances of this exciting field and to shape it as it evolves in the future.

Book Surgical Correction of Astigmatism

Download or read book Surgical Correction of Astigmatism written by Jean-Luc Febbraro and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-24 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the surgical techniques currently employed for the management of astigmatism, with the aim of providing a clear, comprehensive, step-by-step guide that will help practitioners to optimize outcomes. The book is divided into two sections covering the cutting-edge surgical approaches in cataract and refractive patients. Renowned experts with many years of clinical experience describe options such as incisional techniques, toric intraocular lenses, femtosecond and excimer laser technology. In addition, guidance is offered on preoperative evaluation of astigmatism, candidate identification and classification, and surgical management following penetrating keratoplasty. Supplementary videos of informative sample cases are included to further aid everyday practice.

Book Corneal Emergencies

    Book Details:
  • Author : Bhavana Sharma
  • Publisher : Springer Nature
  • Release : 2022-01-03
  • ISBN : 9811658765
  • Pages : 405 pages

Download or read book Corneal Emergencies written by Bhavana Sharma and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a comprehensive insight into various corneal emergencies along with their risk factors, causative agents, diagnostic pearls, treatment challenges and management options. It provides essential information on relevant anatomical and physiological aspects in addition to epidemiology and risk factors. Comprising of explanatory flow diagrams, diagnostic and treatment algorithms and high-quality illustrations, this book is written and edited by renowned corneal specialists who have come together to address this complex topic in a simple and effective manner. The book highlights an important aspect of cornea which is relevant for specialists and general ophthalmologists alike and also serves as an important resource for postgraduate students and trainees. It emphasizes on the practical management of corneal emergencies, supplemented with preferred practice patterns and guidelines. Additionally, the book serves as a quick reference for ophthalmic practitioners to adequately manage such cases at the point of first contact.

Book The Art of Refractive Surgery

Download or read book The Art of Refractive Surgery written by Sudarshan Khokhar and published by Thieme. This book was released on 2022-09-25 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Art of Refractive Surgery aims at providing a simplified and step-wise approach to ophthalmologists for planning and performing various refractive surgeries including corneal, lenticular, or combined approaches. Refractive surgery is extremely challenging as suboptimal outcomes are unacceptable. This field has seen huge developments in the recent years with advancements in investigative modalities, better laser delivery systems, wider range of options of refractive surgeries, and improved eye-tracking devices. However, the selection of ideal surgery for every patient remains a challenge and a thorough understanding of basic concepts can aid in decision-making. The Art of Refractive Surgery deals with these basic concepts, and provides certain surgical and planning tips, which have been derived through years of experience. Key Features: Interactive style of the narrative ideal for refractive surgeons, ophthalmologists, fellows, and residents who wish to update their refractive surgery knowledge Practical examples with individual case-based approach for planning, decision-making and surgical management in a variety of scenarios Extensive review of literature and includes the latest meta-analysis and clinical studies Numerous illustrations and simple language to elucidate complex refractive situations Surgical videos explaining each refractive surgery step-wise for deeper understanding

Book LASIK

    Book Details:
  • Author : Lucio Buratto
  • Publisher : CRC Press
  • Release : 2024-06-01
  • ISBN : 1040135625
  • Pages : 403 pages

Download or read book LASIK written by Lucio Buratto and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-06-01 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LASIK: The Evolution of Refractive Surgery takes you on a journey through the latest in laser and wavefront technology, as well as the most recent surgical procedures that include various complex cases, complications, and management. Dr. Lucio Buratto is joined by Drs. Stephen Slade and Marco Tavolato, along with a team of 23 world-renowned surgeons, to produce a complete book specifically designed to improve the patient’s quality of vision with LASIK. All surgeons will benefit from the format in which basic surgical procedures are explained, as well embracing the latest information available such as advanced laser procedures with ablations, femtocecond lasers, and excimers. With more than 250 color illustrations demonstrating the various procedures and concepts, the book will help ophthalmologists develop a more thorough understanding of LASIK. LASIK: The Evolution of Refractive Surgery is perfect for the surgeon interested in learning the concepts, developing the skills, and preparing for the surgical procedure. LASIK: The Evolution of Refractive Surgery contains a detailed description of the basic technique of LASIK and the special techniques devised by Dr. Lucio Buratto, Dr. Slade, Dr. Tavolato, and a group of highly acclaimed international surgeons experienced with encountering standard and unusual circumstances. LASIK: The Evolution of Refractive Surgery will provide the multitude of LASIK techniques that have emerged and the technological advancements that have made them possible and is a necessary text for all surgeons aspiring to improve their surgical results using the latest techniques available today.