Download or read book Role of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Breast Cancer written by Tupurani Mohini Aiyengar and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common form of carcinoma and a primary cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Oxidative stress represents as an important factor in carcinogenesis and may play a role in initiation and progression of tumors. Oxidative stress-induced NO• damage to DNA includes a multitude of lesions, many of which are mutagenic and have multiple roles in cancer and aging. It is caused by an unfavorable balance between reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and antioxidant defenses. ROS/RNS are generated during normal cellular metabolism, as a result of the influence of various environmental factors, as well as during pathological processes. Nitric oxide (NO•) is a ubiquitous, short-lived free radical produced from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthases (NOSs), and isoforms of NOS exist, depending on the site of origin: endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS), mitochondrial (mtNOS), and inducible (iNOS). eNOS is responsible for the endothelial synthesis of NO• and has shown to modulate cancer-related events such as inflammation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell cycle, invasion, and metastasis. Genetic studies also showed that eNOS gene polymorphisms are associated with the development of breast cancer. Therefore, selective targeting of eNOS may prove a potential strategy for prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
Download or read book Nitric Oxide Synthase written by Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-05-17 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitric Oxide Synthase - Simple Enzyme-Complex Roles provides information on nitric oxide synthase, a biomolecule of key importance for the different biological systems, including central and peripheral nervous, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems. With recent links to the role of nitric oxide in the reactions that can impact cell signaling, and discoveries surrounding the complex role of nitric oxide synthase that have increased research attention across the fields of cell and molecular biology, physiology, pharmacology, toxicology, neuroscience, cardiology, urology, and endocrinology, this book tries to provide a comprehensive overview of biology/pathobiology of nitric oxide synthases and a perspective from possible therapeutic indication of the enzyme inhibitors.
Download or read book Nitric Oxide in Health and Disease written by Lucia Morbidelli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-04-13 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitric Oxide in Health and Disease: Therapeutic Applications in Cancer and Inflammatory Disorders presents updated information on the chemistry, signaling of newly derived therapeutic nitric oxide donors/inhibitors, and their complexes in liposomes or nanospheres in both pre-clinical and clinical activities. The book discusses many examples of research related to the application of novel therapeutic compounds that focus on a chemical—nitric oxide—and its applications that have been shown to exert significant therapeutic activities against various resistant cancers unresponsive to current treatments and different inflammatory diseases which continue to require novel treatments. This is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and researchers from medical and biomedical fields who want to know more about NO and its therapeutic applications in cancer and inflammatory diseases. Provides updated reviews on the chemistry and signaling of newly derived therapeutic nitric oxide (NO) donors/inhibitors and their complexes in liposomes or nanospheres in both pre-clinical and clinical activities Discusses the application of NO in monotherapy or in combination with conventional therapies in a variety of cancers and inflammatory diseases Encompasses real-world examples of recent research related to NO and cancer
Download or read book Nitric Oxide and Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy written by Benjamin Bonavida and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-12 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Nitric Oxide and Cancer is a volume that serves to give the latest research on nitric oxide (NO) and cancer. More specifically, the volume reviews significant advances in the application of NO-mediated drugs. The volume explores nitric oxide and its relationship to cancer spanning from its roles in the pathogenesis, prognosis, gene and protein modifications, regulation of resistance to cytotoxics, and therapeutic applications. With chapters written by leading experts, the volume addresses the burgeoning interest in a rapidly advancing field and provides a valuable resource to scientists who have initiated research as well as clinical investigations in their laboratories on the various roles of NO and cancer.
Download or read book Nitric Oxide NO and Cancer written by Benjamin Bonavida and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitric Oxide (NO) is a pleitropic, ubiquitous modulator of cellular functions. Aryl nitrite and glyceryl trinitrate, representative intravasadilators, were introduced as therapeutic agents more than a century ago for relief from acute attacks of angina. The vasodilator action is mediated by the release of NO following treatment. NO has important therapeutic applications in several diseases such as inflammatory diseases, erectile dysfunction, inflammation, pain and neural protective activity. However, the role of NO in cancer and its application in therapy has received little attention. This monograph will be the first to focus on studies that investigate the role of NO in tumor cell pathogenesis, growth, angiogenesis, response to cytotoxic therapies and NO translational applications in cancer therapy, alone or in conjunction with other therapies.
Download or read book Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthase Through Depletion of Its Cofactor Tetrahydrobiopterin as a Novel Strategy for Breast Cancer Anti Angiogenic Therapy written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We showed previously that low molecular weight water-soluble antioxidant, manganese (III) tetrakis (N- ethylpyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin (Mn(exp III)TE-2-PyP(exp 5+) is effective catalyst for the elimination of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in different rodent models of oxidative stress injuries. We further showed that this porphyrin can oxidize cellular reductants, among them redox cofactor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), tetrahydrobiopterin, BR(sub 4). It has been well- established that nitric oxide is essential for angiogenesis, stimulating endothelial cell proliferation in vitro. Tumors, being under oxidative stress, express iNOS, which leads to greatly increased levels of NO up to muM levels. Increased levels of BH(SUB 4)(sub 4) were thus required, and, reportedly, parallel increased NO production. When tetrahydrobiopterin is depleted NOS is inhibited and synthesizes superoxide rather than nitric oxide. We are testing here the hypothesis that depletion of BH(SUB 4) by MnTE-2-PyP(exp 5+) would inhibit NOS, decrease NO levels and thus inhibit angiogenesis. Within a scope of the project (Specific Aim 1), we showed that MnTE-2-PyP(exp 5+), when given to mice caused drastic decrease in tumor vasculature density of 4Tl mammary carcinoma. We also defined the thermodynamics and kinetics of BR(SUB 4) reaction with MnTE-2-PyP(exp 5+) (Batinic-Haberle et al, 20024), and adopted the HPLC method for measuring BR(SUB 4) and its oxidation product, 7,8-dihydrobiopterin in tumors.
Download or read book The Role of Nitric Oxide in Tumour Progression written by Lorraine C. Jadeski and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Characterization of Glutathione S Transferase Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase and Vitamin D Receptor Genes in Breast Cancer Cases The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012 Vol 49 written by Rizk El-Baz and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of Nitric Oxide in Breast Cancer Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis written by Cameron Carlen and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterisation of Nitric Oxide Synthase Isoforms and Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines written by Mayurika Lahiri and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of Nitric Oxide Synthase Dysregulation in Tumor Maintenance written by Christopher S. Rabender and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inflammatory nature of the tumor microenvironment provides a cytokine and chemokine rich proliferative environment. Much of the responsibility of this environment is due to the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). These studies examined the proliferative rich tumor environment from a new perspective of Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) dysregulation. NOS's have the ability to become uncoupled and generate superoxide in lieu of nitric oxide (NO). A requirement of NOS for the production of NO is the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) and when it is missing NOS becomes uncoupled and turns into a peroxynitrite synthase. Here I demonstrate that NOS is uncoupled in tumor cells due to depleted BH4 levels. This uncoupling leads to decreased NO signaling and increased pro-inflammatory, pro-survival, signaling as a result of the increased generation of ROS/RNS from uncoupled NOS activity. I was able to recouple NOS through exogenous BH4 both in vitro and in vivo, reducing ROS/RNS and reestablishing NO signaling through cGMP protein associated kinase. Reduction of ROS/RNS resulted in the reduced activity of two major constitutively active transcription factors in breast cancer cells, NF[kappa]B and STAT3. In MCF-7 and MDA231 cells I found that increased NO-dependent PKG signaling led to tumor cell toxicity mediated by downregulation of [beta]-catenin. Downregulation of [beta]-catenin led to increased protein levels of p21 in MCF-7 and p27 in MDA 231cells, ultimately resulting in cell death. These results suggest that there is potential for BH4 as a therapeutic agent since exogenous dietary BH4 ameliorates chemically induced colitis, and reduced azoxymethane (AOM) induced colon and spontaneously developing mammary carcinogenesis.
Download or read book Inflammation and Cancer written by Bharat B. Aggarwal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines in detail the role of chronic inflammatory processes in the development of several types of cancer. Leading experts describe the latest results of molecular and cellular research on infection, cancer-related inflammation and tumorigenesis. Further, the clinical significance of these findings in preventing cancer progression and approaches to treating the diseases are discussed. Individual chapters cover cancer of the lung, colon, breast, brain, head and neck, pancreas, prostate, bladder, kidney, liver, cervix and skin as well as gastric cancer, sarcoma, lymphoma, leukemia and multiple myeloma.
Download or read book L Arginine in Clinical Nutrition written by Vinood B. Patel and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents the application of current nutritional knowledge by physicians and dietitians and incorporates emerging fields of science and important discoveries. It contains seven major sections. Section 1: Basic Processes at the Cellular Levels, Section 2: Arginine Metabolism and Functions, Section 3: Arginine Status in Cells Related to Organ Damage and Disease, Section 4: Arginine Status and Use in Healthy Individuals, Section 5: Arginine and Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Section 6: Therapeutic uses of Arginine: Diabetes, Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases and Section 7: Therapeutic Uses of Arginine: Cancer, Wound Healing and Infectious Disease. Written by authors of international and national standing, leaders in the field and trendsetters, Arginine in Clinical Nutrition is essential reading for nutritionists and dietitians, public health scientists, doctors, epidemiologists, health care professionals of various disciplines, policy makers and marketing and economic strategists.
Download or read book Chemoprevention of Cancer written by Daniel W. Nixon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-11-08 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemoprevention of Cancer guides you through the exciting new field of cancer chemoprevention. It covers epidemiology, known chemopreventive compounds, development of new chemopreventive agents, specific examples of preventive agents and their mechanisms of action, and current prevention clinical trials.
Download or read book Nitric Oxide written by Louis J. Ignarro and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-09-13 with total page 1023 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitric oxide (NO) is a gas that transmits signals in an organism. Signal transmission by a gas that is produced by one cell and which penetrates through membranes and regulates the function of another cell represents an entirely new principle for signaling in biological systems. NO is a signal molecule of key importance for the cardiovascular system acting as a regulator of blood pressure and as a gatekeeper of blood flow to different organs. NO also exerts a series of other functions, such as acting a signal molecule in the nervous system and as a weapon against infections. NO is present in most living creatures and made by many different types of cells. NO research has led to new treatments for treating heart as well as lung diseases, shock, and impotence. Scientists are currently testing whether NO can be used to stop the growth of cancerous tumors, since the gas can induce programmed cell death, apoptosis. This book is the first comprehensive text on nitric oxide to cover all aspects--basic biology, chemistry, pathobiology, effects on various disease states, and therapeutic implications. Edited by Nobel Laureate Louis J. Ignarro, editor of the Academic Press journal, Nitric Oxide Authored by world experts on nitric oxide Includes an overview of basic principles of biology and chemical biology Covers principles of pathobiology, including the nervous system, cardiovascular function, pulmonary function, and immune defense
Download or read book Vascular Development written by Derek J. Chadwick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-08-20 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation of blood vessels is an essential aspect of embryogenesis in vertebrates. It is a central feature of numerous post-embryonic processes, including tissue and organ growth and regeneration. It is also part of the pathology of tumour formation and certain inflammatory conditions. In recent years, comprehension of the molecular genetics of blood vessel formation has progressed enormously and studies in vertebrate model systems, especially the mouse and the zebrafish, have identified a common set of molecules and processes that are conserved throughout vertebrate embryogenesis while, in addition, highlighting aspects that may differ between different animal groups. The discovery in the past decade of the crucial role of new blood vessel formation for the development of cancers has generated great interest in angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones), with its major implications for potential cancer-control strategies. In addition, there are numerous situations where therapeutic treatments either require or would be assisted by vasculogenesis (the de novo formation of blood vessels). In particular, post-stroke therapies could include treatments that stimulate neovascularization of the affected tissues. The development of such treatments, however, requires thoroughly understanding the developmental properties of endothelial cells and the basic biology of blood vessel formation. While there are many books on angiogenesis, this unique book focuses on exactly this basic biology and explores blood vessel formation in connection with tissue development in a range of animal models. It includes detailed discussions of relevant cell biology, genetics and embryogenesis of blood vessel formation and presents insights into the cross-talk between developing blood vessels and other tissues. With contributions from vascular biologists, cell biologists and developmental biologists, a comprehensive and highly interdisciplinary volume is the outcome.
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
