Download or read book Risk Assessment of Storms in Coastal Zones Case Studies from Cartagena Colombia and Cadiz Spain written by Nelson Rangel-Buitrago and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-16 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assists the reader in determining storm risks, focussing on sandy coasts and cliff coasts in the context of expected sea level rise from littoral transformation and climate change. It examines storm impacts through matrixes concerning physical parameters, socio-economic activities, ecological and historic resources, and it presents the Coastline Risk to Storms Index as a single numerical measure of the risk for a given area. The methodology is described and tested against two coastal areas: one in the Caribbean Sea (Cartagena, Colombia) and the other on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean (Cadiz, Spain). Both areas record an important flow of tourists associated with the “sun, sea and sand market” which represents an economic recourse for the hinterland too. Chapters describe this approach and explore three particular types of variables: i) the forcing variables contributing to storm-induced erosion, ii) dynamic variables that determine the resilience to erosion (Susceptibility) and iii) the vulnerable targets grouped in three different contexts (socio-economic, ecological and heritage). These are combined into two separate indices, the Hazard Index (combining forcing and susceptibility) and the Vulnerability Index, which together constitute the Coastline Risk to Storms Index. Maps created using this semi-quantitative approximation method can help to determine the causes, processes and consequences of storm-related processes. This book is therefore important to anyone considering coastal development programs, especially decision-makers: the work presented here can assist in the development of preventative management strategies for the most vulnerable areas.
Download or read book Coastal Dynamic and Evolution written by Giorgio Anfuso and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-02-05 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes papers published in the Special Issue titled “Coastal Dynamic and Evolution”, which aimed to collect multidisciplinary studies that involved the evaluation of coastal evolution at different temporal scales, from hours and days to months and years, as well as historical changes. The volume contains investigations carried out by means of aerial photos and satellite images, as well as results from in situ surveys and observations aimed at assessing morphological changes in shoreline and dune systems as a consequence of chronic flooding and erosion processes or the occurrence of specific weather-related events. Studies on the evaluation of past and future sea-level variations and related impacts have also been included. In order to provide the reader with a wide overview of different coastal settings and methodological approaches, case studies from Russia, Italy, California (USA), Morocco, Spain, Indonesia, Ireland and Colombia have been included in this Special Issue. The content may be of interest to those who perform a wide range of investigations related to coastal analysis and management, especially to researchers and academics who can exploit the provided approaches and methodologies.
Download or read book Geoinformatics for Marine and Coastal Management written by Darius Bartlett and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geoinformatics for Marine and Coastal Management provides a timely and valuable assessment of the current state of the art geoinformatics tools and methods for the management of marine systems. This book focuses on the cutting-edge coverage of a wide spectrum of activities and topics such as GIS-based application of drainage basin analysis, contribution of ontology to marine management, geoinformatics in relation to fisheries management, hydrography, indigenous knowledge systems, and marine law enforcement. The authors present a comprehensive overview of the field of Geoinformatic Applications in Marine Management covering key issues and debates with specific case studies illustrating real-world applications of the GIS technology. This "box of tools" serves as a long-term resource for coastal zone managers, professionals, practitioners, and students alike on the management of oceans and the coastal fringe, promoting the approach of allowing sustainable and integrated use of oceans to maximize opportunities while keeping risks and hazards to a minimum.
Download or read book Disaster Management written by C.A. Brebbia and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2018-01-30 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent major earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, floods and other natural phenomena have resulted in huge losses in terms of human life and property destruction. A new range of human-made disasters have afflicted humanity in modern times; terrorist activities have been added to more classical disasters such as those due to the failure of industrial installations. It is important to understand the nature of these global risks to be able to develop strategies to prepare for these events and plan effective responses in terms of disaster management and the associated human health impacts. The selected papers contained in this book have been written by academics and professionals and represent some of the latest developments in the field.
Download or read book Coastal Disaster Surveys and Assessment for Risk Mitigation written by Tomoya Shibayama and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-19 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection covers essential concepts in the management of coastal disasters, outlining several field surveys of such events that have taken place in the 21st century, including the Indian Ocean Tsunami, the Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami, and the storm surges generated by Hurricane Katrina, Cyclone Nargis, and Typhoon Haiyan. Measurements of flood heights, distributions of structural destruction, and the testimonies of residents are reported, with the results being analysed and compared with past events and numerical simulations to clarify and reconstruct the reality of these disasters. The book covers the state-of-the-art understanding of disaster mechanisms and the most advanced tools for the simulation of future events: • Uniquely explains how to use disaster surveys along with simulations to mitigate risk • Combines pure scientific studies with practical research and proposes procedures for effective coastal disaster mitigation Coastal Disaster Surveys and Assessment for Risk Mitigation is ideal for students in the field of disaster risk management, as well as engineers who deal with issues related to tsunamis, storm surges, high wave attack and coastal erosion.
Download or read book Catastrophic Coastal Storms written by David R. Godschalk and published by Duke Press Policy Studies. This book was released on 1989 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As people cluster on the coast in increasing numbers, coastal populations become more vulnerable to severe damage from catastrophic coastal storms. The authors contented that current public policy has proved unable to cope with the growing problem, and in response they present a comprehensive analysis of coastal storm hazards, standard policy approaches, and promising new means of managing coastal growth. Catastrophic Coastal Storms offers a solution to the policy problem by proposing a merger of hazard mitigation with development management, basing this on extensive surveys of at-risk coastal locations and case studies of post-hurricane recovery. Starting with the local level of government and proceeding to state and federal levels, the authors propose a strategy for overcoming the formidable obstacles to safeguarding the shoreline population and its structures from hurricanes and other severe storms.
Download or read book Coastal Storms written by Paolo Ciavola and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-12 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive introduction to coastal storms and their associated impacts Coastal Storms offers students and professionals in the field a comprehensive overview and groundbreaking text that is specifically devoted to the analysis of coastal storms. Based on the most recent knowledge and contributions from leading researchers, the text examines coastal storms’ processes and characteristics, the main hazards (such as overwash, inundation and flooding, erosion, structures overtopping), and how to monitor and model storms. The authors include information on the most advanced innovations in forecasting, prediction, and early warning, which serves as a foundation for accurate risk evaluation and developing adequate coastal indicators and management options. In addition, structural overtopping and damage are explained, taking into account the involved hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes. The monitoring methods of coastal storms are analyzed based on recent results from research projects in Europe and the United States. Methods for vulnerability and risk evaluation are detailed, storm impact indicators are suggested for different hazards and coastal management procedures analyzed. This important resource includes: Comprehensive coverage of storms and associated impacts, including meteorological coastal storm definitions and related potential consequences A state-of-the-art reference for advanced students, professionals and researchers in the field Chapters on monitoring methods of coastal storms, their prediction, early warning systems, and modeling of consequences Explorations of methods for vulnerability and risk evaluation and suggestions for storm impact indicators for different hazards and coastal management procedures Coastal Storms is a compilation of scientific and policy-related knowledge related to climate-related extreme events. The authors are internationally recognized experts and their work reflects the most recent science and policy advances in the field.
Download or read book Reducing Coastal Risk on the East and Gulf Coasts written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Hurricane- and coastal-storm-related losses have increased substantially during the past century, largely due to increases in population and development in the most susceptible coastal areas. Climate change poses additional threats to coastal communities from sea level rise and possible increases in strength of the largest hurricanes. Several large cities in the United States have extensive assets at risk to coastal storms, along with countless smaller cities and developed areas. The devastation from Superstorm Sandy has heightened the nation's awareness of these vulnerabilities. What can we do to better prepare for and respond to the increasing risks of loss? Reducing Coastal Risk on the East and Gulf Coasts reviews the coastal risk-reduction strategies and levels of protection that have been used along the United States East and Gulf Coasts to reduce the impacts of coastal flooding associated with storm surges. This report evaluates their effectiveness in terms of economic return, protection of life safety, and minimization of environmental effects. According to this report, the vast majority of the funding for coastal risk-related issues is provided only after a disaster occurs. This report calls for the development of a national vision for coastal risk management that includes a long-term view, regional solutions, and recognition of the full array of economic, social, environmental, and life-safety benefits that come from risk reduction efforts. To support this vision, Reducing Coastal Risk states that a national coastal risk assessment is needed to identify those areas with the greatest risks that are high priorities for risk reduction efforts. The report discusses the implications of expanding the extent and levels of coastal storm surge protection in terms of operation and maintenance costs and the availability of resources. Reducing Coastal Risk recommends that benefit-cost analysis, constrained by acceptable risk criteria and other important environmental and social factors, be used as a framework for evaluating national investments in coastal risk reduction. The recommendations of this report will assist engineers, planners and policy makers at national, regional, state, and local levels to move from a nation that is primarily reactive to coastal disasters to one that invests wisely in coastal risk reduction and builds resilience among coastal communities."--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Beach Management Tools Concepts Methodologies and Case Studies written by Camilo M. Botero and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 957 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of beach management tools, including carrying capacity, beach nourishment, environmental and tourism awards (like Blue Flag or others), bathing water quality, zoning, beach typologies, quality index, user's perception, interdisciplinary beach monitoring, coastal legislation, shore protection, social and economic indicators, ecosystem services, and coastal governance (applied in beach case studies). Beaches are one of the most intensely used coastal ecosystems and are responsible for more than half of all global tourism revenues, and as such the book introduces a wide range of state-of-the-art tools that can be used to deal with a variety of beach challenges. Each chapter features specific types of tools that can be applied to advantage in beach management practices. With examples of local and regional case studies from around the globe, this is a valuable resource for anyone involved in beach management.
Download or read book Management of the Effects of Coastal Storms written by Philippe Quevauviller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large part of the world’s coastlines consists of sandy beaches and dunes that may undergo dramatic changes during storms. Extreme storm events in some cases dominate the erosion history of the coastline and may have dramatic impacts on densely populated coastal areas. Policy, research and historical background are essential elements that need to be interconnected for effective coastal planning and management. This book discusses this framework, with Chapter 1 providing an insight into policy settings and science-policy interactions in the area of coastal risks related to storms and flooding, and integrated coastal zone management. This is followed by a review of the current understanding of the processes generating extreme coastal events, the morphological evolution of coastlines during and after the events, and the methods for monitoring the process as it occurs or for post-event appraisal. The final chapter discusses the importance of historical approaches regarding coastal threats, taking the Xynthia storm as an example.
Download or read book Multi risk assessment of coastal areas written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coastal Storms written by and published by . This book was released on 2018-05 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With global climate change, population growth, and economic development in the 21st century, large cyclonic storm surges might result in overwhelming effects in some coastal areas of the world. Major storms can considerably change how a coast looks. Such storms characterize a break in the normal processes that occur along coasts. Significant erosion, transport, and deposition of sediment occur during storms. Coastal storms can take a devastating toll on the public's health. Urban areas may be particularly at risk, given their dense population, reliance on transportation, energy infrastructure that is vulnerable to flood damage, and high-rise residential housing, which may be hard-hit by power and utility outages. Climate change will exacerbate these risks in the coming decades. Sea levels are rising due to global warming, which will intensify storm surge. These projections make preparing for the health impacts of storms even more important. At the regional scale, coastal countries and regions around the world have developed a wide range of storm surge risk assessment. Risks of storm surge at a global scale are usually assessed with a wide range of sea-level rise, flood, and tropical cyclone projections.Coastal Storms covers a wide-ranging overview and innovative text that is particularly devoted to the analysis of coastal storms. The chapters contributed by leading researchers inspect coastal storms' procedures and characteristics, the main hazards by coastal storms, and how to examine and model storms. Providing a preliminary outlook on risks that may help governments of countries to make storm surge disaster prevention and reduction plans; it integrates comprehensive information on the most sophisticated innovations in forecasting, and early warning, which works as a tool for accurate risk assessment and developing sufficient coastal indicators and management strategies. This comprehensive guide will be an up to date tool for advanced students, professionals and researchers in the field.
Download or read book Risk and Management of Current and Future Storm Surges written by H. Kremer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-07-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Storm surges represent a major hazard for many coastal regions worldwide. The 1953 and 1962 catastrophes are well remembered in Europe, and recent incidents in Bangladesh and Myanmar caused over 100,000 casualties. Developing innovative responses and overcoming the frequently fragmented discussion about this global phenomenon and its regional implications call for improved knowledge of present risks and future conditions based on sound interdisciplinary approaches. This selection of articles presents multiple scientific and management oriented perspectives on current and future storm surges, covering the fields of observing, modelling and forecasting, risk and vulnerability analysis, planning and innovative coastal protection concepts. It originates from the international ‘2010 Storm Surges Congress - Risk and Management of Current and Future Storm Surges,’ initiated and organized by the Institute of Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (formerly the GKSS-Research Centre) in collaboration with the KlimaCampus (CliSAP) of the University of Hamburg, Germany. The Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) co-sponsored the event and its international project office (IPO) provided the necessary organizational support. The congress was generously supported by international and national partners. Some highlights: Remote sensing surveillance and mapping of storm surge extent based on NASA MODIS sensors may ultimately provide new global insights into the vulnerability of deltas where human pressures outbalance natural land-ocean forcing. Up-scaling hazard lines and risk mapping from local to full continental scale is the ambition in India. From an insurance risk perspective, its societal perception and economic issues determine societal response options. In urban contexts flood risk is anticipated as a combination of climate change-induced sea level rise and socio-economic drivers. A cost-benefit analysis of flood defence in London underlines the fact that future investment will be highly beneficial; thoughtful planning rather than rushing to new engineering solutions is preferable. Several modelling case studies and approaches are presented, covering the effects of individual storms, the development of analytical models that can help us to understand relevant processes and mechanisms, and sensitivity studies that test the impact and relevance of various physical processes for storm surge generation and evolution. Hydrodynamic models applied to different emission scenarios suggest that the threat of extreme storm surges in the North Sea may increase but strong decadal fluctuations and internal variability need to be considered. A Korean study suggests that future global warming may not always lead to an increase in the number of intense cyclones or the magnitude of associated storm surges. Past and recent storm surges arising at the dune coast of France call for improved assessment and management of a growing flood risk in future sea-level rise projections. In the same context rather than deterministic approaches, considering the uncertainties that influence extreme water levels can significantly improve the design levels of coastal structures and flood defences. The innovative Dutch “Building with Nature” concept employs natural processes for coastal flood protection. Previously published in Natural Hazards, Volume 66, No. 3, 2013
Download or read book Modelling Coastal Vulnerability written by Marcel Marchand and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Models that explore vulnerability under various planned and unplanned conditions hardly exist. This title focuses on the vulnerability of societies in low lying coastal and deltaic environments to tropical cyclonic storms and floods.
Download or read book Coastal Hazards Related to Storm Surge written by Rick Luettich and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-03-13 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Coastal Hazards Related to Storm Surge" that was published in JMSE
Download or read book Coastal Hazards Related to Storm Surge written by Rick Luettich (Ed.) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally, the risk associated with living in the coastal zone is substantial and rising due to large and growing populations, commerce and infrastructure; relative sea level rise; and the impacts of a warming climate on storm characteristics. The principal coastal hazards in much of the world are storm surge, coastal flooding and surface waves caused by severe tropical or extra-tropical storms. This volume presents state of the art research that extends our understanding of, and our ability to predict coastal hazards that are associated with storm surge. Fourteen papers cover topics ranging from predicting coupled surge and wave dynamics at multiple scales; erosion and scour; statistical considerations for hazard delineation; joint effects of climate change and storm surge; storm surge mitigation strategies and human response to storm surge threats. This work presents important advancements in our ability to predict, mitigate and respond to the principal hazard threatening most of the world's coastal areas. Recognizing these advancements and translating them into policy and practice are essential if we are to effectively manage coastal risk and create more resilient coastal communities in which to live, work and recreate.
Download or read book Identifying and Managing Hotspots to Extreme Events Application to NW Mediterranean Conditions written by Marc Sanuy Vázquez and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of coastal storms is one of the costliest forms of natural disaster, as it affects a particularly valuable fringe both from the socioeconomic and ecologic perspectives. In addition, storm-inducederosion and inundation risks are expected to rise in the near future due to changing conditions related to climate change combined with current trends on urbanization and population growths and beach lossesassociated with long-term erosion. The assessment of the hazard component is complex, due to the multidimensionality of the processes involved, the inherent uncertainties of the analysis and the multiplescales in which the hazard characterization must be performed. In this context, there is a need for providing risk assessment methodologies allowing coastal managers integrated decision making based on the analysis of present and future conditions.The present PhD thesis focuses on the development of such methodologies, both at regional scale with the purpose of hotspot identification and at local scale with the aim of providing detailed hazard or risk assessments. The work starts with the study of two main sources of uncertainty involved in hazard assessment: the assignment of probabilities of occurrence to given hazard magnitudes and the definition of the shape of the storm to assess induced hazards. Applying lessons learned from these uncertainty studies, different hazard and risk assessment approaches are proposed based on the use of Bayesian Networks (BNs). They have been selected due to their efficiency in combining multiple variables and characterizing their dependency relations to predict system behaviour while explicitly including uncertainties.Obtained results highlight the importance of characterizing the hazard probabilities focusing the statistical assessment at coastal response (the so called response approach), especially if detailed hazard estimation (e.g. inundation maps) are to be produced. The use of the alternative approach (event approach, assigning probabilities to event characteristics to later estimate hazards from that event) produces only similar results when assessing simple variables such as run-up or total water levels at the coast, and only in locations with high correlations between involved storm variables. Results also indicate that detailed hazard estimation, as pursued with process-based modelling, may be affected by significant errors when using synthetic triangular events, i.e. design storms with assumed triangular evolution over their duration. These errors are observed to be significant for a wide range of tested conditions, involving different morphologies (dissipative to intermediate-reflective), wave climates (NW Mediterranean and N Adriatic) and storm energy contents.The proposed methodology at regional scale (̃100 km) consists of simple hazard and exposure indicators calculated at ̃1 km coastal sectors and has been successfully applied for hotstpot detection at the Maresme coast. The Tordera Delta is identified as a significant hotspot to both erosion and inundation risks. This framework has been improved with the use of BNs to account for intra-sector morphological variability and model uncertainties. Results from the BN regional assessment highlight the importance of a fully stochastic hazard characterization with the inclusion of model errors to avoid under-predictions. This BN approach also allowed a detailed assessment of the conditional dependencies between hazards and both storm and morphological characteristics giving deeper insight on systemresponse and useful information for the development of coastal adaptation plans.The proposed methodology at the hotspot local scale (̃1-10 km) consists of different BN set-ups following the Source-Pathway-Receptor-Consequences model and trained with large datasets of simulated hazards. They are applied to the Tordera Delta to analyse risk reduction measures and to stochastically obtain the risk profile under present and future scenarios. Hazard simulations are performed though detailed process-based modelling. A XBeach set-up is specifically developed for conditions at the Tordera Delta and validated with an historical extreme event (the Sant Esteve 2008 storm) obtaining a BSS of 0.68 for the morphological response at the subaerial beach. Local scale results show a high sensitivity of the Tordera Delta to incoming wave direction, with associated changes on induced hazards comparable to those of worst-case SLR scenarios (e.g. RCP 8.5, 2100). When assessing the efficiency of risk reduction measures, it is obtained that increasing beach height through an artificial dune is the most efficient action against inundation while managed receptors retreat is the only efficient option against erosion, as beach nourishment is very ephimeral even under mild storm conditions due to background erosion. The method also permits to define probabilistic setbacks for different hazards and risk levels, and characterizes hazardous storm characteristics under different scenarios.Finally, the BN approach is tested as storm-induced retreat predictive model based on simple storm parameters. Once fed with a large number of storm simulations, results show a great potential to perform as surrogate of simple parametric models at complex study sites where their applicability is limited, e.g. curvilinear coasts with high alongshore morphological variability and beach-structure interactions. Overall, the use of BNs to characterize hazards and risks associated to coastal storms at different scales has been proved robust, as it can include many natural variabilities and problem uncertainties by efficiently assimilating large datasets. It is a flexible and communication-friendly approach that can be adapted to other specific problems related to coastal evolution, or other natural hazards. The method can be potentially imporved with larger datasets and/or used in combination with other machine learning techniques.
