Download or read book Review and Status of Wind Integration and Transmission in the United States Key Issues and Lessons Learned written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the years since the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) 20% Wind Energy by 2030 study was published (2008), a great deal has been learned about the impacts that wind generation can have on electric power systems and how to efficiently integrate wind power into the bulk power system. This report adds to DOE's Wind Vision discussion about how to integrate wind energy into the bulk power system. It summarizes the lessons learned from some of the most relevant and comprehensive wind integration studies conducted during the past several years. It includes a discussion about lessons from operating practices, especially as related to reserves, efficient operating practices, and wind power forecasting. The concluding sections describe the main industry organizations involved in wind integration and transmission, briefly discuss transmission expansion related to wind energy, and includes a summary.
Download or read book Foundations for a Low Carbon Energy System in China written by Henry Lee and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-09 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is a key problem of the 21st century. China, as the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, has committed to stabilize its current emissions and dramatically increase the share of electricity production from non-fossil fuels by 2030. However, this is only a first step: in the longer term, China needs to aggressively strive to reach a goal of zero-emissions. Through detailed discussions of electricity pricing, electric vehicle policies, nuclear energy policies, and renewable energy policies, this book reviews how near-term climate and energy policies can affect long-term decarbonization pathways beyond 2030, building the foundations for decarbonization in advance of its realization. Focusing primarily on the electricity sector in China - the main battleground for decarbonization over the next century – it provides a valuable resource for researchers and policymakers, as well as energy and climate experts.
Download or read book Bioenergy for Sustainability and Security written by Basanta Kumara Behera and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the generation of green energy, providing fundamental scientific information on the availability of sustainable biological resources. It addresses inter- and multidisciplinary topics, including policies and strategies for sustainable energy; the environment and advanced renewable energy technology; electricity generation through solid waste management; and direct electricity generation using microbial fuel cells. It examines the application of the principles and quantitative relationships that define the process – as an effective technique to teach applied aspects of biomass energy technology conversion. In addition, it describes the latest commercialisation of microbial fuel cell technologies, bio-diesel production from microalgae, fermentation technology based on biobutanol from bacteria, and direct ethanol production from microalgae with attractive illustrations and models developed by corporate sectors.
Download or read book Climate Change 2022 Mitigation of Climate Change written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-08-17 with total page 2042 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Working Group III contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report provides a comprehensive and transparent assessment of the literature on climate change mitigation. The report assesses progress in climate change mitigation options for reducing emissions and enhancing sinks. With greenhouse gas emissions at the highest levels in human history, this report provides options to achieve net zero, as pledged by many countries. The report highlights for the first time the social and demand-side aspects of climate mitigation, and assesses the literature on human behaviour, lifestyle, and culture, and its implications for mitigation action. It brings a wide range of disciplines, notably from the social sciences, within the scope of the assessment. IPCC reports are a trusted source for decision makers, policymakers, and stakeholders at all levels (international, regional, national, local) and in all branches (government, businesses, NGOs). Available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wind Energy Essentials written by Richard P. Walker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-22 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the possible societal impacts of wind energy projects and explains the potential issues faced when siting, constructing, and operating a wind energy project. This book begins with a history of wind power and the social impacts of both electricity and wind power from a historical perspective, a discussion of basic electrical terms, and a primer on the conversion of power in the wind to electricity. Much of the second half of the book is devoted to comparing wind energy to other forms of electric generation, both renewable and non-renewable sources. In order to have a true understanding of the impact of wind energy on society, one also has to have a thorough understanding of the impacts that other sources of electric generation have, such as fossil-fuelled plants or nuclear power plants. The comparison of electric generation sources includes a review of how such sources are typically utilized within the electric system, as well as the economic factors and environmental considerations that affect which resources utilities or operators of electric grids have to take into account. The authors conclude with a discussion of energy policies in the U.S., individual states, and foreign nations, how these policies influence the use of renewable energy, and what our future may hold in terms of energy supply and demand. Some highlights of this book are: Discusses the wind energy impacts on the environment, local economy, electric utilities, individuals and communities Provides a visual explanation of wind energy principles through tables, graphs, maps, illustrations and photographs Offers a comprehensive overview of the issues associated with the creation and use of wind energy Models chapters around an existing university curriculum Spanning the broad range of environmental, financial, policy and other topics that define and determine the relationships between wind energy technology and our energy-dependent society, Wind Energy Essentials is a resource for students, universities, and the entire wind energy industry.
Download or read book Wind Vision written by U. S. Department U.S. Department of Energy and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed roadmap of technical, economic, and institutional actions by the wind industry, the wind research community, and others to optimize wind's potential contribution to a cleaner, more reliable, low-carbon, domestic energy generation portfolio, utilizing U.S. manu-facturing and a U.S. workforce. The roadmap is intended to be the beginning of an evolving, collaborative, and necessarily dynamic process. It thus suggests an approach of continual updates at least every two years, informed by its analysis activities. Roadmap actions are identified in nine topical areas, introduced below.
Download or read book Technology Curtailment and Transmission written by Kimberly Diamond and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, evolving technologies have enabled scientific breakthroughs in innovative wind turbine designs, including taller wind turbine towers and longer blades. These breakthroughs will enable utility-scale wind turbines to reach higher into the atmosphere, access stronger winds, and produce greater amounts of renewable energy than their smaller cousins. This is why the Southeastern United States and other areas with historically low wind speeds may become the new frontier for new wind farm development.For the proliferation of taller turbines in non-wind-rich areas, though, the value proposition for installing these turbines must make economic sense. Currently, there are several key obstacles that may hinder and threaten the ability of wind farm projects with taller turbines to be profitable: increased capital expenditures and exposure to new potential liabilities and hazards, curtailment, and lack of sufficient electric transmission structure. This paper explores each of the above issues, examining the challenges the United States wind industry faces that arise from technological innovations, curtailment, and energy conveyance. It also discusses why legal ingenuity and developing increased public support for new wind projects and new clean energy transmission lines will play a crucial role in accelerating the growth of renewable energy generation, deployment, and usage in the Southeastern United States and elsewhere.
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Wind Energy Projects written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-09-27 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The generation of electricity by wind energy has the potential to reduce environmental impacts caused by the use of fossil fuels. Although the use of wind energy to generate electricity is increasing rapidly in the United States, government guidance to help communities and developers evaluate and plan proposed wind-energy projects is lacking. Environmental Impacts of Wind-Energy Projects offers an analysis of the environmental benefits and drawbacks of wind energy, along with an evaluation guide to aid decision-making about projects. It includes a case study of the mid-Atlantic highlands, a mountainous area that spans parts of West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. This book will inform policy makers at the federal, state, and local levels.
Download or read book Integrating Wind and Solar Energy in the U S Bulk Power System written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two recent studies sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) have examined the impacts of integrating high penetrations of wind and solar energy on the Eastern and Western electric grids. The Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study (EWITS), initiated in 2007, examined the impact on power system operations of reaching 20% to 30% wind energy penetration in the Eastern Interconnection. The Western Wind and Solar Integration Study (WWSIS) examined the operational implications of adding up to 35% wind and solar energy penetration to the Western Interconnect. Both studies examined the costs of integrating variable renewable energy generation into the grid and transmission and operational changes that might be necessary to address higher penetrations of wind or solar generation. This paper identifies key insights from these regional studies for integrating high penetrations of renewables in the U.S. electric grid. The studies share a number of key findings, although in some instances the results vary due to differences in grid operations and markets, the geographic location of the renewables, and the need for transmission.
Download or read book Summary of Recent Wind Integration Studies written by Phillip De Mello and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Large scale Wind Integration Studies in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy, is managing two large-scale wind integration studies. The Western Wind and Solar Integration Study (WWSIS) covers the footprint of WestConnect, a group of transmission owners that covers most of Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and Wyoming. The Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study (EWITS) covers a large part of the Eastern Interconnection, and leverages a large-scale transmission study known as the Joint Coordinated System Plan (JCSP). Both studies analyze the impact of 20-30% wind energy penetration within the study footprint based on energy. This paper discusses key results that have emerged so far from each study, focusing primarily on simulation results based on hourly production simulations. Results from both studies show that high wind penetrations can be successfully integrated into the power system, but depend on sufficient transmission and significant changes in operations.
Download or read book Testing the Waters written by Marquette Law Review and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legislators in a majority of states have recently embarked on novel experiments in alternative energy policy through renewable portfolio standards (RPSs). In many states, RPS policies have been used to spur public and private development of land-based wind power generation facilities. In fact, many states see wind power as an increasingly essential element in their energy portfolios. However, while a few states have investigated the potential of offshore wind projects, or wind farms, none have actually erected wind turbines in their waters. But in many places, the winds of change are blowing. No longer are the continental coasts seen as the only viable sites for offshore wind development. Increasingly, energy policy makers are turning their attention to the Great Lakes. On January 15, 2009, the Public Service Commission of Wisconsin (PSCW) released its final report of a yearlong study assessing the potential for offshore wind-power generation in Lakes Michigan and Superior. Despite much anticipation, the study's results were inconclusive, at best. On one hand, the PSCW found that it is “technologically feasible” to generate electricity from wind turbines sited in the middle of Lake Michigan. However, on the other hand the report also conceded that there are a number of “significant technical, economic, environmental, and legal issues to resolve.” This Comment addresses the most significant legal concerns related to the development of offshore wind farms in Lakes Michigan and Superior, particularly whether and how the existing Wisconsin and federal regulatory schemes would accommodate offshore wind farm development. The Comment also discusses lessons that might be learned from two recent European policy initiatives: (1) the European Union's 2009 Renewable Energy Directive, which established a comprehensive renewable energy regulatory system based on principles of extensive coordination and cooperation among various governmental entities, and (2) the United Kingdom's Planning Act 2008, which considerably streamlined the permitting process for substantial national infrastructure projects such as large wind farms, but whose central permitting authority has been typecast as being undemocratic and authoritarian. The Comment identifies opportunities for Wisconsin state legislators to address offshore wind energy in the Great Lakes while simplifying the state's current regulatory scheme, and discusses the potential for federal-state collaboration in efforts to develop the Great Lakes region's renewable energy industries, generally, and offshore wind, specifically.
Download or read book Wind and the Built Environment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assesses wind engineering research studies in the past two decades to identify an interdisciplinary research agenda and delineate an action plan for evaluation of critical wind engineering efforts. It promotes the interdisciplinary approach to achieve collaborative research, assesses the feasibility of formalizing undergraduate wind engineering curricula, and assesses international wind engineering research activities and transfer approaches for U.S. applications.
Download or read book Enhancing the Resilience of the Nation s Electricity System written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-10-25 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans' safety, productivity, comfort, and convenience depend on the reliable supply of electric power. The electric power system is a complex "cyber-physical" system composed of a network of millions of components spread out across the continent. These components are owned, operated, and regulated by thousands of different entities. Power system operators work hard to assure safe and reliable service, but large outages occasionally happen. Given the nature of the system, there is simply no way that outages can be completely avoided, no matter how much time and money is devoted to such an effort. The system's reliability and resilience can be improved but never made perfect. Thus, system owners, operators, and regulators must prioritize their investments based on potential benefits. Enhancing the Resilience of the Nation's Electricity System focuses on identifying, developing, and implementing strategies to increase the power system's resilience in the face of events that can cause large-area, long-duration outages: blackouts that extend over multiple service areas and last several days or longer. Resilience is not just about lessening the likelihood that these outages will occur. It is also about limiting the scope and impact of outages when they do occur, restoring power rapidly afterwards, and learning from these experiences to better deal with events in the future.
Download or read book Wind Power in Power Systems written by Thomas Ackermann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 1132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of the highly acclaimed Wind Power in Power Systems has been thoroughly revised and expanded to reflect the latest challenges associated with increasing wind power penetration levels. Since its first release, practical experiences with high wind power penetration levels have significantly increased. This book presents an overview of the lessons learned in integrating wind power into power systems and provides an outlook of the relevant issues and solutions to allow even higher wind power penetration levels. This includes the development of standard wind turbine simulation models. This extensive update has 23 brand new chapters in cutting-edge areas including offshore wind farms and storage options, performance validation and certification for grid codes, and the provision of reactive power and voltage control from wind power plants. Key features: Offers an international perspective on integrating a high penetration of wind power into the power system, from basic network interconnection to industry deregulation; Outlines the methodology and results of European and North American large-scale grid integration studies; Extensive practical experience from wind power and power system experts and transmission systems operators in Germany, Denmark, Spain, UK, Ireland, USA, China and New Zealand; Presents various wind turbine designs from the electrical perspective and models for their simulation, and discusses industry standards and world-wide grid codes, along with power quality issues; Considers concepts to increase penetration of wind power in power systems, from wind turbine, power plant and power system redesign to smart grid and storage solutions. Carefully edited for a highly coherent structure, this work remains an essential reference for power system engineers, transmission and distribution network operator and planner, wind turbine designers, wind project developers and wind energy consultants dealing with the integration of wind power into the distribution or transmission network. Up-to-date and comprehensive, it is also useful for graduate students, researchers, regulation authorities, and policy makers who work in the area of wind power and need to understand the relevant power system integration issues.
Download or read book Future of wind written by International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA and published by International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents options to speed up the deployment of wind power, both onshore and offshore, until 2050. It builds on IRENA’s global roadmap to scale up renewables and meet climate goals.
