Download or read book Research on Various Aspects of Atmospheric Flight written by J. H. Deleeuw and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research has studied aerodynamic problems in upper atmospheric flight and the disturbed flight of aircraft due to low level turbulence during the approach phase. Individual project summaries include: (1) Calculations have been made for low speed sphere drag in transition flow; experiments confirm the theoretical predictions; (2) An electron beam doppler profile apparatus has been used to delineate the shape of the distribution function in a heat transfer problem indicating its progressive nonequilibrium nature as the degree of rarefaction increased; (3) An electron beam fluorescence instrument has been designed for rocketborne use to measure upper atmospheric concentrations of nitrogen, molecular oxygen, atomic oxygen, rotational and vibrational temperatures; a number of launches have been made on Black Brant rockets from Fort Churchill (AD 033 680); (4) A laser-doppler instrument has been constructed and checked out as a means of remotely measuring turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer; and (5) Wind tunnel measurements in a controlled turbulent shear flow have been made along representative flight paths for STOL vehicles to provide an input to predict dispersions of the landing point.

Download or read book Dynamics of Atmospheric Flight written by Bernard Etkin and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2005-09-20 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geared toward upper-level undergraduates, graduate students, and professionals, this text concerns the dynamics of atmospheric flight, with focus on airplane stability and control. An extensive set of numerical examples covers STOL airplanes, subsonic jet transports, hypersonic flight, stability augmentation, and wind and density gradients. 260 illustrations .1972 edition.

Download or read book Aviation Turbulence written by Robert Sharman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-27 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anyone who has experienced turbulence in flight knows that it is usually not pleasant, and may wonder why this is so difficult to avoid. The book includes papers by various aviation turbulence researchers and provides background into the nature and causes of atmospheric turbulence that affect aircraft motion, and contains surveys of the latest techniques for remote and in situ sensing and forecasting of the turbulence phenomenon. It provides updates on the state-of-the-art research since earlier studies in the 1960s on clear-air turbulence, explains recent new understanding into turbulence generation by thunderstorms, and summarizes future challenges in turbulence prediction and avoidance.

Download or read book Hypervelocity Atmospheric Flight written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-25 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flight in the atmosphere is examined from the viewpoint of including real gas phenomena in the flow field about a vehicle flying at hypervelocity. That is to say, the flow field is subject not only to compressible phenomena, but is dominated by energetic phenomena. There are several significant features of such a flow field. Spatially, its composition can vary by both chemical and elemental species. The equations which describe the flow field include equations of state and mass, species, elemental, and electric charge continuity; momentum; and energy equations. These are nonlinear, coupled, partial differential equations that have been reduced to a relatively compact set of equations in a self-consistent manner (which allows mass addition at the surface at a rate comparable to the free-stream mass flux). The equations and their inputs allow for transport of these quantities relative to the mass-average behavior of the flow field. Thus transport of mass by chemical, thermal, pressure, and forced diffusion; transport of momentum by viscosity; and transport of energy by conduction, chemical considerations, viscosity, and radiative transfer are included. The last of these complicate the set of equations by making the energy equations a partial integrodifferential equation. Each phenomenon is considered and represented mathematically by one or more developments. The coefficients which pertain are both thermodynamically and chemically dependent. Solutions of the equations are presented and discussed in considerable detail, with emphasis on severe energetic flow fields. Hypervelocity flight in low-density environments where gaseous reactions proceed at finite rates chemical nonequilibrium is considered, and some illustrations are presented. Finally, flight where the flow field may be out of equilibrium, both chemically and thermodynamically, is presented briefly. Howe, John T. Ames Research Center NASA-TM-101055, A-89011, NAS 1.15:101055 RTOP 506-40-91...

Download or read book Recapturing NASA s Aeronautics Flight Research Capabilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-07-27 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the five decades since NASA was created, the agency has sustained its legacy from the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (NACA) in playing a major role in U.S. aeronautics research and has contributed substantially to United States preeminence in civil and military aviation. This preeminence has contributed significantly to the overall economy and balance of trade of the United States through the sales of aircraft throughout the world. NASA's contributions have included advanced flight control systems, de-icing devices, thrust-vectoring systems, wing fuselage drag reduction configurations, aircraft noise reduction, advanced transonic airfoil and winglet designs, and flight systems. Each of these contributions was successfully demonstrated through NASA flight research programs. Equally important, the aircraft industry would not have adopted these and similar advances without NASA flight demonstration on full-scale aircraft flying in an environment identical to that which the aircraft are to operate-in other words, flight research. Flight research is a tool, not a conclusion. It often informs simulation and modeling and wind tunnel testing. Aeronautics research does not follow a linear path from simulation to wind tunnels to flying an aircraft. The loss of flight research capabilities at NASA has therefore hindered the agency's ability to make progress throughout its aeronautics program by removing a primary tool for research. Recapturing NASA's Aeronautics Flight Research Capabilities discusses the motivation for NASA to pursue flight research, addressing the aspects of the committee's task such as identifying the challenges where research program success can be achieved most effectively through flight research. The report contains three case studies chosen to illustrate the state of NASA ARMD. These include the ERA program and the Fundamental Research Program's hypersonics and supersonics projects. Following these case studies, the report describes issues with the NASA ARMD organization and management and offers solutions. In addition, the chapter discusses current impediments to progress, including demonstrating relevancy to stakeholders, leadership, and the lack of focus relative to available resources. Recapturing NASA's Aeronautics Flight Research Capabilities concludes that the type and sophistication of flight research currently being conducted by NASA today is relatively low and that the agency's overall progress in aeronautics is severely constrained by its inability to actually advance its research projects to the flight research stage, a step that is vital to bridging the confidence gap. NASA has spent much effort protecting existing research projects conducted at low levels, but it has not been able to pursue most of these projects to the point where they actually produce anything useful. Without the ability to actually take flight, NASA's aeronautics research cannot progress, cannot make new discoveries, and cannot contribute to U.S. aerospace preeminence.

Download or read book Atmospheric Effects of Aviation written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-23 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document is the first report from the Office of Aeronautics Advanced Subsonic Technology (AST) Program's Subsonic Assessment (SASS) Project. This effort, initiated in late 1993, has as its objective the assessment of the atmospheric effects of the current and predicted future aviation fleet. The two areas of impact are ozone (stratospheric and tropospheric) and radiative forcing. These are driven, respectively, by possible perturbations from aircraft emissions of NOX and soot and/or sulfur-containing particles. The report presents the major questions to which project assessments will be directed (Introduction) and the status of six programmatic elements: Emissions Scenarios, Exhaust Characterization, Near-Field Interactions, Kinetics and Laboratory Studies, Global Modeling, and Atmospheric Observations (field studies). Thompson, Anne M. (Editor) and Friedl, Randall R. (Editor) and Wesoky, Howard L. (Editor) Goddard Space Flight Center NASA-RP-1385, Rept-96B00080, NAS 1.61:1385 RTOP 538-08-12...

Download or read book Flight Research written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-11 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Milt Thompson's account of lessons to be learned involves aspects of the history of flight research at what was then called the Flight Research Center and its predecessor organizations— redesignated in 1976 the Hugh L. Dryden Flight Research Center. Many fascinating topics are covered: lifting bodies, the P-51 Mustang, X-planes, XS-1, X-15, the YF-12 Blackbird, the Space Shuttle, and the Lunar Landing Research Vehicle. From the time of the Wright brothers' first flight in 1903 until the end of World War II, airplane technology evolved considerably. The early decades' mono-and biplanes of wooden framework, typically braced with wire and covered with cloth, gradually gave way to an all-metal construction and improved aerodynamic shapes, but most aircraft in World War II still featured propellers and even the fastest of them flew at maximum speeds of about 450 miles per hour. For example, the North American P-51 Mustang, one of the finest prop fighters used in the war, had a top speed of 437 miles per hour when flying a level course at low altitude. This compared with low-level maximum speeds of 514 and 585 mph respectively for the Messerschmitt Me 262A and Gloster Meteor F. Mk. jet fighters, both of which thus still flew well below the speed of sound (Mach 1) in level flight. Even so, during the early 1940s, airplanes like Lockheed's P-38 Lightning began to face the problem of compressibility in dives —characterized (among other things) by increased density, a sharp rise in drag, and disturbed airflow at speeds approaching Mach 1. In partial contrast to flight test, flight research sought and seeks fundamental understanding of all aspects of aeronautics, and in achieving that understanding, its practitioners may fly experimental aircraft like the early X-planes and the D-558s or armed service discards like early production models of the F-15s, F-16s, and F-18s researchers at Dryden are modifying and flying today.

Download or read book Coupling Processes Between Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-09-19 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the final report. The overall objective of this project is to improve the understanding of coupling processes among atmospheric chemistry, aerosol and climate, all important for quantitative assessments of global change. Among our priority are changes in ozone and stratospheric sulfate aerosol, with emphasis on how ozone in the lower stratosphere would respond to natural or anthropogenic changes. The work emphasizes two important aspects: (1) AER's continued participation in preparation of, and providing scientific input for, various scientific reports connected with assessment of stratospheric ozone and climate. These include participation in various model intercomparison exercises as well as preparation of national and international reports. and (2) Continued development of the AER three-wave interactive model to address how the transport circulation will change as ozone and the thermal properties of the atmosphere change, and assess how these new findings will affect our confidence in the ozone assessment results.Ko, Malcolm K. W. and Weisenstein, Debra and Rodriguez, Jose and Danilin, Michael and Scott, Courtney and Shia, Run-Lie and Eluszkiewicz, Junusz and Sze, Nien-DakGoddard Space Flight CenterCOUPLING; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CLIMATE; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; SULFATES; STRATOSPHERE; PRIORITIES; OZONE; MAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS; ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION; AIR POLLUTION; AEROSOLS

Download or read book Research and Technology written by Goddard Space Flight Center and published by . This book was released on with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Atmospheric and Space Flight Dynamics written by Ashish Tewari and published by . This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aerodynamic Data of Space Vehicles written by Claus Weiland and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The capacity and quality of the atmospheric flight performance of space flight vehicles is characterized by their aerodynamic data bases. A complete aerodynamic data base would encompass the coefficients of the static longitudinal and lateral motions and the related dynamic coefficients. In this book the aerodynamics of 27 vehicles are considered. Only a few of them did really fly. Therefore the aerodynamic data bases are often not complete, in particular when the projects or programs were more or less abruptly stopped, often due to political decisions. Configurational design studies or the development of demonstrators usually happen with reduced or incomplete aerodynamic data sets. Therefore some data sets base just on the application of one of the following tools: semi-empirical design methods, wind tunnel tests, numerical simulations. In so far a high percentage of the data presented is incomplete and would have to be verified. Flight mechanics needs the aerodynamic coefficients as function of a lot of variables. The allocation of the aerodynamic coefficients for a particular flight operation at a specific trajectory point is conducted by an aerodynamic model. The establishment of such models is described in this book. This book is written for graduate and doctoral students to give them insight into the aerodynamics of the various flight configurations. Further for design and development engineers in industry and at research institutes (including universities) searching for an appropriate vehicle shape, as well as for non-specialists, who may be interested in this subject. The book will be helpful, too, in the case that system studies require in their concept phases the selection of suitable vehicle shapes.

Download or read book Automatic Control of Atmospheric and Space Flight Vehicles written by Ashish Tewari and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2011-08-05 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Automatic Control of Atmospheric and Space Flight Vehicles is perhaps the first book on the market to present a unified and straightforward study of the design and analysis of automatic control systems for both atmospheric and space flight vehicles. Covering basic control theory and design concepts, it is meant as a textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate students in modern courses on flight control systems. In addition to the basics of flight control, this book covers a number of upper-level topics and will therefore be of interest not only to advanced students, but also to researchers and practitioners in aeronautical engineering, applied mathematics, and systems/control theory.

Download or read book Medical Aspects of an Orbiting Research Laboratory written by Space Medicine Advisory Group and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Collection of Technical Papers written by Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Research and Technology Objectives and Plans Summary written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A compilation of the summary portions of each of the RTOPs used for management review and control of research currently in progress throughout NASA"--P. i.

Download or read book Securing the Future of U S Air Transportation written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Aeronautics Research and Technology for Vision 2050 and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As recently as the summer of 2001, many travelers were dreading air transportation because of extensive delays associated with undercapacity of the system. That all changed on 9/11, and demand for air transportation has not yet returned to peak levels. Most U.S. airlines continue to struggle for survival, and some have filed for bankruptcy. The situation makes it difficult to argue that strong action is urgently needed to avert a crisis of undercapacity in the air transportation system. This report assesses the visions and goals for U.S. civil aviation and technology goals for the year 2050.

Download or read book Optimal Space Flight Navigation written by Ashish Tewari and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2019-01-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consolidates decades of knowledge on space flight navigation theory, which has thus far been spread across various research articles. By gathering this research into a single text, it will be more accessible to students curious about the study of space flight navigation. Books on optimal control theory and orbital mechanics have not adequately explored the field of space flight navigation theory until this point. The opening chapters introduce essential concepts within optimal control theory, such as the optimization of static systems, special boundary conditions, and dynamic equality constraints. An analytical approach is focused on throughout, as opposed to computational. The result is a book that emphasizes simplicity and practicability, which makes it accessible and engaging. This holds true in later chapters that involve orbital mechanics, two-body maneuvers, bounded inputs, and flight in non-spherical gravity fields. The intended audience is primarily upper-undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers of aerospace, mechanical, and/or electrical engineering. It will be especially valuable to those with interests in spacecraft dynamics and control. Readers should be familiar with basic dynamics and modern control theory. Additionally, a knowledge of linear algebra, variational methods, and ordinary differential equations is recommended.