Download or read book Remanufacturing and Remanufacturability Assessment for the Circular Economy written by Yang Shanshan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-02 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents decision support tools that can be used in the early design stage to analyze the feasibility of a product and its components for remanufacturing. It also covers how to design a product specifically for remanufacturing and offers supporting case studies. This is a comprehensive solutions guide for remanufacturing decision-making. The book illustrates an approach that can be used at the product End-of-Life (EOL) stage to generate optimized recovery plans for the returned products. Opportunities for Industry 4.0 to support remanufacturing along with case studies are included to showcase the decision-making tools. Remanufacturing and Remanufacturability Assessment for the Circular Economy: A Solutions Guide will be of interest to practitioners, business professionals, and researchers that work in the industrial and manufacturing sectors. Those involved with supply chain management and advanced technologies associated with Industry 4.0, sustainability, and integrated techniques of circular supply chains will also find this book very useful.

Download or read book Remanufacturing and Remanufacturability Assessment for the Circular Economy written by Shanshan Yang (Dr.) and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents decision support tools that can be used in the early design stage to analyze the feasibility of a product and its components for remanufacturing. It also covers how to design a product specifically for remanufacturing and offers supporting case studies. This is a comprehensive solution guide for remanufacturing decision-making. The book illustrates an approach that can be used at the product End of Life (EOL) stage that can generate optimized recovery plans for the returned products. Opportunities for Industry 4.0 to support remanufacturing along with case studies are included to showcase the decision-making tools"--

Download or read book Remanufacturing in the Circular Economy written by Nabil Nasr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-11-12 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic growth and rising levels of consumption in developing and developed countries has been observed as being deeply coupled with natural resource usage and material consumption. The increasing need for natural resources has raised concerns regarding issues such as resource scarcity, undesirable environmental impacts due to material extraction, primary production, and suboptimal product disposal, and social or political tensions. Product End-of-Life (EoL) options, such as reusing or recycling, attempt to limit or reduce the amount of waste sent to a landfill, providing strategic means to decouple the link between economic growth and resource usage. These EoL options have the potential to close material loops, further utilizing wastes as resources, reducing environmental impacts, conserving natural resources, reducing material prices, and providing job opportunities in developing countries. Remanufacturing, on the other hand, is a unique EoL option due to increasing the number of life cycles of a product before final disposal. First, recurring environmental benefits, such as emission and raw material extraction avoidance are obtained with each additional product life cycle. Second, individual resource efficiency yields increase through product remanufacture. Resource efficiency or, using more with less will continue to compound with each additional life cycle. Third, recirculating products decreases the demand and dependency for primary resource production, further closing the material loop and creating a more circular economy. In addition, remanufacturing can initiate more preferable EoL options such as recovery, recycling, and waste reduction. While remanufacturing offers numerous benefits, there is significant lack of literature and books covering the fundamentals of operations, technologies and business models. The proposed book will provide in-depth coverage of remanufacturing fundamentals and its strong link to circular economy and resource efficiency.

Download or read book Remanufacturing and the Circular Economy written by Nabil Nasr and published by Wiley-Scrivener. This book was released on 2023-01-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic growth and rising levels of consumption in developing and developed countries has been observed as being deeply coupled with natural resource usage and material consumption. The increasing need for natural resources has raised concerns regarding issues such as resource scarcity, undesirable environmental impacts due to material extraction, primary production, and suboptimal product disposal, and social or political tensions. Product End-of-Life (EoL) options, such as reusing or recycling, attempt to limit or reduce the amount of waste sent to a landfill, providing strategic means to decouple the link between economic growth and resource usage. These EoL options have the potential to close material loops, further utilizing wastes as resources, reducing environmental impacts, conserving natural resources, reducing material prices, and providing job opportunities in developing countries.[1] Remanufacturing, on the other hand, is a unique EoL option due to increasing the number of life cycles of a product before final disposal. First, recurring environmental benefits, such as emission and raw material extraction avoidance are obtained with each additional product life cycle. Second, individual resource efficiency yields increase through product remanufacture. Resource efficiency or, using more with less will continue to compound with each additional life cycle. Third, recirculating products decreases the demand and dependency for primary resource production, further closing the material loop and creating a more circular economy. In addition, remanufacturing can initiate more preferable EoL options such as recovery, recycling, and waste reduction. While remanufacturing offers numerous benefits, there is significant lack of literature and books covering the fundamentals of operations, technologies and business models. The proposed book will provide in-depth coverage of remanufacturing fundamentals and its strong link to circular economy and resource efficiency. The following topics will be covered: 1. Value Retention Processes within the circular economy 2- The role of remanufacturing in the circular economy 3- Remanufacturing business models 4- Remanufacturing closed-loop systems 5- Product service and remanufacturing 6- Design for remanufacturing 7- Global Challenges and Market Transformation in Support of Remanufacturing [1] UNEP (2010) Metal Stocks in Society: Scientific Synthesis - A Statues Report, A Report of the Working Group on the Global Metal Flows to the International Resource Panel. M. D. Gerst; T. E. Graedel; A. Dubreuil; M. Gerst; S. Hashimoto; Y. Moriguchi; D. Muller; C. Pena; J. Rauch; T. Sinkala; G. Sonnemann

Download or read book Technology Innovation for the Circular Economy written by Nabil Nasr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-01-19 with total page 825 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION FOR THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY The book comprises 56 peer-reviewed chapters comprehensively covering in-depth areas of circular economy design, planning, business models, and enabling technologies. Some of the greatest opportunities for innovation in the circular economy are in remanufacturing, refurbishment, reuse, and recycling. Critical to its growth, however, are developments in product design approaches and the manufacturing business model that are often met with challenges in the current, largely linear economies of today’s global manufacturing chains. The conference hosted by the REMADE Institute in Rochester, NY, brought together U.S. and international researchers, industry engineers, technologists, and policymakers, to discuss the myriad intertwining issues relating to the circular economy. This book consists of 56 chapters in 10 distinct parts covering broad areas of research and applications in the circular economy area. The first four parts explore the system level work related to circular economy approaches, models and advancements including the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning to guide implementation, as well as design for circularity approaches. Mechanical and chemical recycling technologies follow, highlighting some of the most advanced research in those areas. Next, innovation in remanufacturing is addressed with descriptions of some of the most advanced work in this field. This is followed by tire remanufacturing and recycling, highlighting innovative technologies in addressing the volume of end-of-use tires. Pathways to net-zero emissions in manufacturing of materials concludes the book, with a focus on industrial decarbonization. Audience This book has a wide audience in academic institutes, business professionals and engineers in a variety of manufacturing industries. It will also appeal to economists and policymakers working on the circular economy, clean tech investors, industrial decision-makers, and environmental professionals.

Download or read book Advances in Remanufacturing written by Marcello Fera and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sustainable Manufacturing and Remanufacturing Management written by Weidong Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on the latest research and applications in the fields of sustainable manufacturing and remanufacturing, as well as process planning and optimization technologies. It introduces innovative algorithms, methodologies, industrial case studies and applications. It focuses on two topics: sustainable manufacturing for machining technologies and remanufacturing of waste electronic equipment, and various methods are covered for each one, including macro process planning, dynamic scheduling, selective disassembly planning and cloud-based disassembly planning. The experimental analysis provided for every method explains the benefits, as well as how they are sustainable for various real-world applications. Further, a theoretical analysis and algorithm design is presented for each, accompanied by the contributors’ relevant research, including: • step-by-step guides; • application scenarios; • relevant literature surveys; • implementation details and case studies; and • critical reviews on the relevant technologies. This book is a valuable resource for researchers in sustainable manufacturing, remanufacturing and product lifecycle management communities, as well as practicing engineers and decision-makers in industry and all those interested in sustainable product development. It is also useful reading material for postgraduates and academics wanting to conduct relevant research, and a reference resource for manufacturing engineers developing innovative tools and methodologies.

Download or read book Feedback from Remanufacturing written by Louise Lindkvist Haziri and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Company interest and research in the circular economy and remanufacturing have increased as a means of reducing negative environmental impacts. Remanufacturing is an industrial process whereby used products are returned to a state of like-new. However, few products are designed for remanufacturing, and further research and industrial efforts are needed to facilitate more widespread use of design for remanufacturing. One crucial factor facilitating design for remanufacturing is the integration of feedback in the product design process. Thus, the objective of this paper is to analyse feedback flows from remanufacturing to product design. Hence, a literature study and multiple case studies (with three companies named Cases A-C) were conducted at three companies that design, manufacture and remanufacture different kinds of products. The cross-case analysis revealed the five barriers of the lack of internal awareness, lack of knowledge, lack of incentives, lack of feedback channels and non-supportive organisational structures, and the five enablers of business opportunities, integrated design processes, customers' demand, laws, regulations and standards, and new technologies. To establish improved feedback from remanufacturing to product design, the barriers need to be addressed and the enablers explored. Thus, improved feedback from remanufacturing to product design will improve the design of future products suited for a more circular economy. This extended abstract is an excerpt of an already published journal article by the authors.

Download or read book Remanufacturing Initiation for Original Equipment Manufacturers written by Johan Vogt Duberg and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2024-04-29 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remanufacturing is an industrial process in which a core – a used, discarded, or broken product – is transformed into a product with a like-new specification and condition. However, to this date, remanufacturing activities on the market are few compared to manufacturing. There are several types of remanufacturers; the least common type is the original equipment remanufacturer, an original equipment manufacturer that not only manufactures new products but also remanufactures cores of its own products. Remanufacturing is potentially becoming a more widely used industrial process for original equipment manufacturers, and increased remanufacturing activities can positively contribute to the environment. The contribution comes from a reduction of raw material and energy consumption compared to manufacturing. Therefore, remanufacturing has the potential to decouple environmental impact from economic growth, thus contributing to more sustainable societies. However, assessing the benefits of remanufacturing does not directly correlate to growth within the remanufacturing industry. To encapsulate the environmental, social, and economic benefits of remanufacturing, manufacturers need to be aware of how remanufacturing can be initiated and implemented in practice. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation is to develop support measures for original equipment manufacturers to initiate profitable remanufacturing. This research takes a stand in case study and transdisciplinary research where the initiation of profitable remanufacturing is studied at two original equipment manufacturers. The research study developed knowledge of how remanufacturing could be incorporated into existing operations at original equipment manufacturers. In parallel, financial assessments based on cost-benefit analysis were built to measure how well the case companies could perform remanufacturing. For the case study research, seven remanufacturing scenarios were developed, ranging from centralised remanufacturing performed by the original equipment manufacturer to decentralised performed at multiple locations using a retail network. Which scenario is preferable depends on, for example, risk-consciousness, cooperation between actors, and volume targets. However, given ideal circumstances, remanufacturing in-house in a centralised scenario was shown to be the most beneficial for the investigated original equipment manufacturer since the fewer middle hands and economies of scale also potentially enable lower costs. For the transdisciplinary research, the remanufacturing initiation was business model-centric, meaning that the remanufacturing system was a consequence of a decision for a specific business model. Here, a scenario-based analysis was developed to understand under which circumstances the business model with remanufacturing was more lucrative for the provider – the original equipment manufacturer – and less costly for the users – the customers. For this, a systematic assessment approach was developed consisting of three steps: (1) provide a cost overview for each business model, (2) create scenarios by modifying the cost drivers, and (3) combine scenarios to reach synergetic effects. Based on the case study, two sets of four prerequisites for initiating remanufacturing were derived. These are divided into essential and supporting prerequisites and illustrated through a framework called the Remanufacturing Rocket. The essential prerequisites highlight fundamental requirements to perform remanufacturing. Should one of these four factors be missing, remanufacturing cannot be successfully initiated. The supporting prerequisites are valuable to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the process, such as through streamlined operations, organisational change, or information exchange. Hence, to reach the fullest potential of remanufacturing, both the essential and the supporting prerequisites are needed. Furthermore, the area of financial assessments was explored in a systematic literature review to identify insights for developing such assessments tailored for individual original equipment manufacturers in initiating remanufacturing. For this, six perspectives for framing financial assessments are proposed. These cover the system boundaries for the assessments as well as the individual needs and visions of original equipment manufacturers. Additionally, a framework was developed to select financial assessment models for remanufacturing initiations based on ease of use and capability to handle complex datasets. Conclusively, it is proposed to apply the prerequisites for initiating remanufacturing together with a financial assessment in an iterative manner to investigate the profitability for original equipment manufacturers to initiate remanufacturing. The essential prerequisites influence the first iteration of the financial assessment, which then contributes to refinements of how the essential prerequisites should be aligned in an economically preferable way. Once satisfactory, another iterative process could be initiated between the supporting prerequisites and the financial assessment. By using the proposed approach, the prospects of profitable remanufacturing could be thoroughly investigated before attempting to initiate a process in practice, thus reducing the number of resources spent in vain. Additionally, the iterative process was integrated into a 5-step Approach For Initiating Remanufacturing (5AFIR) to guide original equipment manufacturers towards initiating profitable remanufacturing. Refabrikation (oder Wiederaufbereitung, engl. Remanufacturing) ist ein industrieller Prozess, bei dem ein Altteil – ein gebrauchtes, ausrangiertes, verschlissenes oder defektes Produkt – gemäß den Herstellerspezifikationen in einen neuwertigen Zustand gebracht wird. Heutzutage macht Refabrikation allerdings nur einen kleinen Teil der Fertigungsindustrie aus. Verschiedene Arten von Unternehmen betreiben Refabrikation, wobei Originalgerätehersteller, sogenannte OEMs (engl. für Original Equipment Manufacturer), am seltensten sind. Solche OEMs betreiben neben Produktion auch eine Wiederaufbereitung ihrer eigenen Produkte. Refabrikation kann sowohl ökologische als auch ökonomische Vorteile bringen und hat somit grundsätzlich hohes Marktpotential. Der geringere Rohstoff- und Energieverbrauch von Refabrikation im Vergleich zu Neuproduktion ist ein Beispiel für ökologischen Vorteil. Refabrikation ermöglicht außerdem, negative Umweltauswirkungen durch Produktion und Wirtschaftswachstum voneinander unabhängig zu machen und trägt somit zu nachhaltigem Wachstum bei. Allerdings hängt der Nutzen von Refabrikation nicht direkt mit dem Wachstum innerhalb der Refabrikationsbranche zusammen. Um die ökologischen, sozialen und ökonomischen Vorteile nutzen zu können, müssen Hersteller Kompetenz zur praktischen Umsetzung von Refabrikation aufbauen. Ziel dieser Dissertation ist daher die Entwicklung von Unterstützungsmaßnahmen und -konzepten für OEMs, die zu profitabler Refabrikation führen. Diese Arbeit basiert auf einer Fallstudie und auf transdisziplinärer Forschung, bei der die Einführung von profitabler Refabrikation bei zwei OEMs untersucht wurde. Die Fallstudie lieferte Erkenntnisse darüber, wie Refabrikation in bestehende Abläufe bei OEMs integriert werden kann. Außerdem wurden finanzielle Bewertungskriterien auf der Grundlage einer Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse erstellt, um messen zu können, wie erfolgreich die untersuchten Unternehmen Refabrikation implementieren könnten. Für die Fallstudie wurden sieben Refabrikationsszenarien entwickelt, die von zentraler Refabrikation durch das OEM bis zu dezentraler Refabrikation an mehreren Standorten durch ein Netzwerk von Niederlassungen reichen. Welches der Szenarien vorzuziehen ist, hängt beispielsweise vom Risikobewusstsein, der Zusammenarbeit der Akteure und den angestrebten Stückzahlen ab. Unter idealen Umständen erwies sich die unternehmensinterne Refabrikation mit zentralisierter Struktur als das vorteilhafteste Szenario. Für die untersuchten OEMs führten weniger Zwischenhändler und Größenvorteile zu geringeren Kosten. In der transdisziplinären Forschung dieser Dissertation wurde davon ausgegangen, dass das Refabrikationssystem aus der Entscheidung für ein bestimmtes Geschäftsmodell folgt. Basierend auf verschiedenen Szenarien wurde analysiert, unter welchen Umständen das Geschäftsmodell inklusive Refabrikation für den Anbieter (OEM) lukrativer und für die Anwender (Kunden) kostengünstiger war. Hierzu wurde ein systematisches Bewertungsschema entwickelt, das aus drei Schritten besteht: (1) Bereitstellung einer Kostenübersicht für jedes Geschäftsmodell, (2) Erstellung von Szenarien durch Modifikation der Kostentreiber und (3) Kombination von Szenarien, um Synergieeffekte zu erzielen. Anforderungen für die Einführung von Refabrikation wurden auf Basis der Fallstudie abgeleitet. Diese sind in vier essentielle und vier unterstützende Anforderungen eingeteilt und werden durch ein Modell namens Refabrikationsrakete veranschaulicht. Die essentiellen Anforderungen sind grundlegend für die Durchführung von Refabrikation. Ist eine dieser vier Anforderungen nicht erfüllt, kann Refabrikation nicht erfolgreich umgesetzt werden. Die unterstützenden Anforderungen steigern die Effektivität und Effizienz des Einführungsprozesses, beispielsweise durch optimierte Abläufe, organisatorische Änderungen oder Informationsaustausch. Um das volle Potenzial von Refabrikation auszuschöpfen, müssen sowohl die essentiellen als auch die unterstützenden Anforderungen erfüllt werden. Wirtschaftliche Bewertungskriterien wurden im Rahmen einer systematischen Literaturrecherche betrachtet. Ziel der Recherche war es, Erkenntnisse für die Entwicklung solcher Bewertungskriterien zu erlangen. Die Kriterien sollen dabei auf einzelne OEMs und die Einführung von Refabrikation zugeschnitten sein. In dieser Arbeit werden sechs Ansätze für die Entwicklung wirtschaftlicher Bewertungskriterien vorgeschlagen. Diese Ansätze behandeln sowohl Systemgrenzen für die Bewertungskriterien als auch individuelle Bedürfnisse und Ziele der OEM. Darüber hinaus wurde ein Rahmenwerk entwickelt, um wirtschaftliche Bewertungskriterien auf Basis ihrer Benutzerfreundlichkeit und ihrer Fähigkeit zur Bewältigung komplexer Datenmengen auszuwählen. Abschließend wird vorgeschlagen, die Anforderungen für die Einführung von Refabrikation zusammen mit einer wirtschaftlichen Bewertung iterativ zu prüfen, um die Rentabilität von Refabrikation für OEMs zu analysieren. Die essentiellen Anforderungen beeinflussen die erste Iterationsschleife der wirtschaftlichen Bewertung. In dieser ersten Schleife wird verfeinert, wie die Grundanforderungen wirtschaftlich sinnvoll kombiniert werden können. Es folgt eine zweite Iterationsschleife zwischen den unterstützenden Anforderungen und der finanziellen Bewertung. Mit diesem Vorgehen kann das Potential einer rentablen Refabrikation gründlich untersucht werden bevor mit der Realisierung begonnen wird. Dadurch können eventuell erfolglose Einführungsversuche vermieden und vergeblich aufgewendete Ressourcen reduziert werden. Der iterative Prozess wurde in einen 5-stufigen Modell zur Einführung von Refabrikation (5AFIR) zusammengefasst. Återtillverkning är en industriell process där en stomme – en använd, uttjänt eller trasig produkt – omformas till en produkt vars specifikation och kvalitet motsvarar nyskick. Idag utgör återtillverkning endast en liten del av den totala tillverkningsindustrin. Det finns flera typer av återtillverkare; den ovanligaste är originaltillverkande återtillverkare, det vill säga, ett tillverkande företag som även återtillverkar sina egna produkter. Genom den låga grad av återtillverkning bland originaltillverkare idag finns det utrymme för att verka för en ökning. En sådan ökning kan bidra till miljömässiga fördelar genom att mängden råmaterial och energi reduceras jämfört med nytillverkning. Det finns därför en möjlighet för återtillverkning att bidra till en frikoppling av miljömässig påverkan från ekonomisk tillväxt, vilket i sin tur bidrar till ett mer hållbart samhälle. Fast att endast värdera nyttan av återtillverkning leder inte direkt till en tillväxt inom återtillverkningsindustrin. För att omfamna de miljömässiga, sociala och ekonomiska nyttor som återtillverkning kan bidra med måste originaltillverkare vara medvetna om hur återtillverkning kan initieras och implementeras i praktiken på ett ekonomiskt lönsamt sätt. Denna doktorsavhandlings syfte är därför att utveckla stöd för originaltillverkare att initiera lönsam återtillverkning. Forskningen utgår från en fallstudie och transdisciplinär forskningsmetodik där initieringen av lönsam återtillverkning studeras vid två originaltillverkare. Den utförda forskningen utvecklade kunskap om hur återtillverkning kan integrerats i en originaltillverkares befintliga verksamhet. Parallellt med detta utvecklades ekonomiska utvärderingsmetoder för att tillhandahålla ett mått på hur väl fallföretagen skulle kunna utföra återtillverkning. För fallstudien utvecklades det sju återtillverkningsscenarion som sträcker sig från centraliserad återtillverkning, som utförs av originaltillverkaren, till decentraliserad, som utförs vid flertalet platser inom ett återförsäljarnätverk. Vilket scenario som var mest fördelaktigt berodde exempelvis på riskmedvetenhet, samarbete mellan aktörer, och tillverkningsvolym. Men givet ideala förhållanden visades det att centraliserad återtillverkning vore potentiellt mest fördelaktigt för fallföretaget, eftersom färre mellanhänder och stordriftsfördelar möjliggör lägre kostnader. För det andra fallföretagets initieringen av återtillverkning vid tillämpning av den transdisciplinära forskningsmetodiken var det ett affärsmodellsfokus, vilket innebar att återtillverkningssystemet var en konsekvens av ett beslut för en viss affärsmodell. I denna del av forskningen utvecklades en scenariobaserad analysmetod för att förstå under vilka förhållanden som affärsmodellen tillsammans med återtillverkning vore mer lukrativt för företaget – originaltillverkaren – och mindre kostsamt för användaren – kunden. För detta utvecklades en systematisk ansats för ekonomiska utvärderingar bestående av tre steg: (1) tillhandahåll en kostnadsöverblick för varje affärsmodell, (2) skapa scenarion genom att modifiera kostnadsdrivarna, och (3) kombinera scenarion för att uppnå synergieffekter. Med utgångspunkt i fallstudien utvecklades även faktorer för att forma krav för hur originaltillverkare kan initiera återtillverkning. Dessa faktorer delas upp i grundläggande och stödjande kravställningar, och de bygger tillsammans upp ett ramverk benämnt Återtillverkningsraketen. De grundläggande kravställningarna lyfter fram elementära krav vid utförandet av återtillverkning och om en av de fyra skulle saknas kan återtillverkning inte utföras på ett framgångsrikt sätt. De stödjande kravställningarna är av värde för att förbättra återtillverkningseffektiviteten genom exempelvis bekymmersfritt utförande av processer, organisationsförändringar, eller informationsutbyten. Därigenom, för att nå den fulla potentialen av återtillverkning, behövs både de grundläggande och de stödjande kravställningarna. Dessutom utforskades området för ekonomiska utvärderingsmetoder i en systematisk litteraturgenomgång för att identifiera insikter för att utveckla sådana metoder skräddarsydda för individuella originaltillverkare som initierar återtillverkning. För ändamålet föreslås sex perspektiv för att forma ekonomiska utvärderingsmetoder. Dessa täcker såväl systemgränserna för utvärderingarna som individuella behov och visioner hos originaltillverkare. För att vidare stödja företagen utvecklades ett ramverk för att välja ekonomiska utvärderingsmetoder för initieringar av återtillverkning baserat på användarvänlighet och förmåga att hantera komplexa datamängder. Slutligen föreslås det att tillämpa de framtagna kravställningarna tillsammans med ekonomisk utvärdering genom att iterativt undersöka möjligheterna för hur återtillverkning kan initieras för originaltillverkare. De grundläggande kravställningarna influerar upplägget för den första iterationen av den ekonomiska utvärderingen, vilken i sin tur nyttjas för att förfina hur de grundläggande kravställningarna kan läggas samman på ett ekonomiskt fördelaktigt sätt. När en godtagbar nivå uppnåtts kan ytterligare en iterativ process utföras mellan de stödjande kravställningarna och den ekonomiska värderingen. Genom att tillämpa det föreslagna tillvägagångssättet kan möjligheterna för återtillverkning undersökas på en detaljerad nivå innan initieringsförsök i praktiken, och såldes kan mängden slösade resurser minskas. Utöver detta integrerades det iterativa tillvägagångssättet med en 5-stegsansats för initiering av återtillverkning (5AFIR).

Download or read book Life Cycle Assessment written by Aiduan Borrion and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-03-19 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an established methodology used to quantify the environmental impacts of products, processes and services. Circular economy (CE) thinking is conceptual way of considering the impacts of consuming resources. By taking a closed loop approach, CE provides a framework for influencing behaviours and practices to minimise this impact. Development of the circular economy is a crucial component in the progression towards future sustainability. This book provides a robust systematic approach to the circular economy concept, using the established methodology of LCA. Including chapters on circular economic thinking, the use of LCA as a metric and linking LCA to the wider circular economy, this book utilises case studies to illustrate the approaches to LCA. With contributions from researchers worldwide, Life Cycle Assessment provides a practical, global guide for those who wish to use LCA as a research tool or to inform policy, process, and product improvement.

Download or read book When should an Original Equipment Manufacturer OEM remanufacture written by Julia Berhard and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2015-11-11 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Supply, Production, Logistics, grade: 7,5, Erasmus University Rotterdam (Rotterdam School of Management), course: Supply Chain Management, language: English, abstract: An increasing rate of return, raw material prices and carbon emissions urge companies to look for sustainable solutions. The value of returned products can be recaptured through closed-loop supply chain activities and in particular through reconditioning, of which remanufacturing is one option that retains a high value. The definition must be clear, however, as the term is not yet common. This recovery type ensures that a restored product fulfils an equivalent or even superior function than the original product. Furthermore, it receives the same warranty as a new product and secures profits while minimizing the environmental impact. When a company decides whether remanufacturing is a viable option, several factors have to be considered. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to provide guidance for the remanufacturing decision, while bridging the gap between research and practice. An extensive literature review provided general remanufacturing benefits and issues, as well as a selection of the most important influencing characteristics. Subsequently, hypotheses were formulated per characteristic category, which were product, internal and external, and tested via surveys and statistically. The analysis yielded that a product should be highly modular, have a long product life cycle and a residual value. The internal processes require sufficient return quantities as a starting point, low processing costs compared to the original production and the processing time has to be weighed against other benefits. In addition, a market demand has to be established and the cannibalization effect should be taken into account. Finally, a positive perception of remanufactured products and sufficient market channels to commercialize them are favourable for remanufacturing. Using the survey means of the influencing characteristics a ranking was created, irrespective of the signs, but with regard to the strength. The top five are processing costs, residual value, customer perception, product life cycle and processing time. These rankings are slightly different depending on the industry. Lastly, interviews with experts further supplemented the analysis and a managerial framework was created to provide guidance for the remanufacturing decision process.

Download or read book Evaluating Opportunities for a Circular Economy An Investigation of Economic and Decision Making Factors Underlying Recycling Reusing and Remanufacturing Habits in U S Consumers and Manufacturers written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aluminum is increasingly used in consumer products and in lightweighting applications for airplanes, passenger cars and other vehicles. However, smelting primary aluminum is an energy-intensive process, and advanced low-energy smelting technologies have not yet been successfully scaled up to commercial production. Another way to reduce energy consumption associated with aluminum use is to increase the amount of secondary aluminum (recovered from manufacturing scrap and from recycled products) used as a raw material, thereby increasing the circularity of aluminum flows. This too has proven difficult due to the relatively low rates of recycling for most aluminum-containing products in the U.S., and the inevitable alloy mixing that occurs when end-of-life products are broken down during recycling. We previously investigated strategies for increasing secondary aluminum use, within limitations imposed by the presence of alloying elements and alloy requirements for new products. In this work, we provide context and assess the feasibility of those strategies by investigating established patterns and attitudes around recycling, remanufacturing, and other methods that promote circular material flows. Our objective is to identify technological, logistical, economic, and other barriers that exist to implementing such methods in aluminum-intensive sectors. A secondary objective is to construct a hypothetical blue-sky scenario in which aluminum use in the U.S. approaches a fully circular material flow. The blue-sky scenario allows us to identify future barriers to increasing material flow circularity and to gauge the scenario's attainability relative to current industrial practice. Our focus goes beyond recycling, in which an end-of-life product is disassembled, processed, and then separated into its component materials which serve as inputs for new products. While common in the U.S. and globally, this type of recycling involves non-trivial energy expenditures in the scrapping and processing stages and leads to impure streams of mixed secondary materials that may not be feasible or economical to use. We also consider consumer and manufacturer practices including refurbishing, remanufacturing, repair and reuse. None of these practices require that products are broken down into separate material streams before reconstitution into new products; the energy requirements are therefore lower, and the secondary components potentially easier and more economical to use. We evaluate each of these methods in terms of their economic viability for the consumer, the (re-)manufacturing firm and the scrapping and recycling firm. We also investigate barriers to and drivers of these circular practices, with particular attention paid to consumer attitudes. Initial research indicates that for consumer recycling, convenience of the recycling system is of paramount importance, with pre-existing attitudes towards recycling on a personal and community level almost as important. On the manufacturer side, a variety of logistical and economic barriers exist to instituting widespread product take-back and refurbishment programs. To better understand these barriers and how they can be overcome, we investigate several U.S. manufacturers that currently operate take-back, refurbishment and repair programs for their products, and conduct a review of similar programs in European countries where such programs are mandated by law rather than being conducted voluntarily.

Download or read book Research into Design for a Connected World written by Amaresh Chakrabarti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 990 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book showcases cutting-edge research papers from the 7th International Conference on Research into Design (ICoRD 2019) – the largest in India in this area – written by eminent researchers from across the world on design processes, technologies, methods and tools, and their impact on innovation, for supporting design for a connected world. The theme of ICoRD‘19 has been “Design for a Connected World”. While Design traditionally focused on developing products that worked on their own, an emerging trend is to have products with a smart layer that makes them context aware and responsive, individually and collectively, through collaboration with other physical and digital objects with which these are connected. The papers in this volume explore these themes, and their key focus is connectivity: how do products and their development change in a connected world? The volume will be of interest to researchers, professionals and entrepreneurs working in the areas on industrial design, manufacturing, consumer goods, and industrial management who are interested in the use of emerging technologies such as IOT, IIOT, Digital Twins, I4.0 etc. as well as new and emerging methods and tools to design new products, systems and services.

Download or read book Closed Loop Supply Chains written by Mark E. Ferguson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-04-21 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closed-loop supply chain activities such as remanufacturing, recycling, dismantling for spare parts, and reverse logistics have helped many companies tap into new revenue streams by finding secondary markets for their products, all while reducing their overall carbon footprint. Written by academic experts, in language that is accessible to practitioners, this authoritative resource examines recent research and case studies of companies running profitable reuse/remanufacture operations in various industries. It illustrates profitable practices in returned and recovered products, clearly explaining how to: design a reverse logistics network, conduct production planning, implement effective marketing strategies, and apply closed-loop supply chain strategies in industries besides manufacturing. From product development to materials to assembly and profitability, this complete resource explores the impact of these processes across all aspects of the supply chain.

Download or read book The Durability of Products written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Interplay Between Circular Economy and Productivity written by Melissa Corrêa Marques and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Remanufacturing Modeling and Analysis written by Mehmet Ali Ilgin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New, Now, Next. Consumers' ever growing appetite to acquire new products and their short courtship with them has kept manufacturers busy not only expending resources at an alarming rate, but also depleting these resources and giving rise to waste and pollution at a correspondingly increasing and disturbing rate. Traditional manufacturing methods th