Download or read book Profits in Economic Theory written by Michael Charles Howard and published by London : Macmillan. This book was released on 1983 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Profits in Economic Theory written by Michael Howard and published by London : Macmillan. This book was released on 1983 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Taxing Profit in a Global Economy written by Michael P. Devereux and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The international tax system is in dire need of reform. It allows multinational companies to shift profits to low tax jurisdictions and thus reduce their global effective tax rates. A major international project, launched in 2013, aimed to fix the system, but failed to seriously analyse the fundamental aims and rationales for the taxation of multinationals' profit, and in particular where profit should be taxed. As this project nears its completion, it is becomingincreasingly clear that the fundamental structural weaknesses in the system will remain. This book, produced by a group of economists and lawyers, adopts a different approach and starts from first principles in order to generate an international tax system fit for the 21st century. This approach examines fundamental issues of principle and practice in the taxation of business profit and the allocation of taxing rights over such profit amongst countries, paying attention to the interests and circumstances of advanced and developing countries. Once this conceptual framework is developed, the book evaluates the existing system and potential reform options against it. A number of reform options are considered, ranging from those requiring marginal change to radically different systems. Some options have been discussed widely. Others, particularly Residual Profit Split systems and a Destination Based Cash-Flow Tax, are more innovative and have been developed at some length and in depth for the first time in this book. Their common feature is that they assign taxing rights partly/fully to the location of relatively immobile factors: shareholders or consumers.
Download or read book Risk Uncertainty and Profit written by Frank H. Knight and published by Cosimo, Inc.. This book was released on 2006-11-01 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timeless classic of economic theory that remains fascinating and pertinent today, this is Frank Knight's famous explanation of why perfect competition cannot eliminate profits, the important differences between "risk" and "uncertainty," and the vital role of the entrepreneur in profitmaking. Based on Knight's PhD dissertation, this 1921 work, balancing theory with fact to come to stunning insights, is a distinct pleasure to read. FRANK H. KNIGHT (1885-1972) is considered by some the greatest American scholar of economics of the 20th century. An economics professor at the University of Chicago from 1927 until 1955, he was one of the founders of the Chicago school of economics, which influenced Milton Friedman and George Stigler.
Download or read book Profit Theory and Capitalism written by Mark Obrinsky and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2015-10-12 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pursuit of profit by business motivates the capitalist economic system. Understanding profits, therefore, especially the source of profits, is essential to an understanding of capitalism. Mark Obrinsky claims that there has never been an adequate profit theory in mainstream economics. To find the source of profits, he argues, one needs to look beyond ownership of the productive factors of land, labor, and capital. Profit Theory and Capitalism makes a sharply reasoned and accessible contribution to critical theory, the history of economic thought, and post-Keynesian theory. Its insights will be of value to all students and theorists working in the area of income distribution.
Download or read book The Distribution of Wealth written by John Bates Clark and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development of the Concept of Profit in American Economic Theory written by William Stephen Hopkins and published by . This book was released on 1932 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Accounting Concept of Profit written by Palle Hansen and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Risk Uncertainty and Profit written by Frank H. Knight and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2012-03-09 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DIVThis enduring economics text provided the theoretical basis of the entrepreneurial American economy during the post-industrial era. A revolutionary work, it taught the world how to systematically distinguish between risk and uncertainty. /div
Download or read book Beyond Profit and Self interest written by Robert Scott Gassler and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gassler (economics, Vrije U., Brussels) tries to establish some order in the chaos he sees resulting from economists expanding their portfolio to deal with just about everything in society. He does not offer a new theory, but reformulates existing theory to make it more applicable across disciplines, illuminate its limitations and point out necessary extensions, show its successes, and provide some new extensions of his own. First he sets out the scope, method, foundations, and taxonomy of the theory; then he surveys applications in such contexts as interactions, non-profits, and planets. He writes for upper-division, graduate, and professional economists who are conversant in intermediate microeconomic theory, multivariable calculus, and statistics. Annotation : 2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Download or read book Risk Uncertainty and Profit written by Frank Hyneman Knight and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pt. 1. Introductory.--pt. 2. Perfect competition.--pt. 3. Imperfect competition through risk and uncertainty.
Download or read book Theory of Economic Development written by Joseph A Schumpeter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Schumpeter proclaims in this classical analysis of capitalist society first published in 1911 that economics is a natural self-regulating mechanism when undisturbed by "social and other meddlers." In his preface he argues that despite weaknesses, theories are based on logic and provide structure for understanding fact. Of those who argue against him, Schumpeter asks a fundamental question: "Is it really artificial to keep separate the phenomena incidental to running a firm and the phenomena incidental to creating a new one?" In his answers, Schumpeter offers guidance to Third World politicians no less than First World businesspeople. In his substantial new introduction, John E. Elliott discusses the salient ideas of The Theory of Economic Development against the historical background of three great periods of economic thought in the last two decades.
Download or read book Theories of the Capitalist Economy written by Ben Fine and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Profit Notions in American Economic Theory Since 1880 written by Rex Shelton Winslow and published by . This book was released on 1929 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Theory of Economic Development written by Joseph A. Schumpeter and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Schumpeter first reviews the basic economic concepts that describe the recurring economic processes of a commercially organized state in which private property, division of labor, and free competition prevail. These constitute what Schumpeter calls "the circular flow of economic life," such as consumption, factors and means of production, labor, value, prices, cost, exchange, money as a circulating medium, and exchange value of money. The principal focus of the book is advancing the idea that change (economic development) is the key to explaining the features of a modern economy. Schumpeter emphasizes that his work deals with economic dynamics or economic development, not with theories of equilibrium or "circular flow" of a static economy, which have formed the basis of traditional economics. Interest, profit, productive interest, and business fluctuations, capital, credit, and entrepreneurs can better be explained by reference to processes of development. A static economy would know no productive interest, which has its source in the profits that arise from the process of development (successful execution of new combinations). The principal changes in a dynamic economy are due to technical innovations in the production process. Schumpeter elaborates on the role of credit in economic development; credit expansion affects the distribution of income and capital formation. Bank credit detaches productive resources from their place in circular flow to new productive combinations and innovations. Capitalism inherently depends upon economic progress, development, innovation, and expansive activity, which would be suppressed by inflexible monetary policy. The essence of development consists in the introduction of innovations into the system of production. This period of incorporation or adsorption is a period of readjustment, which is the essence of depression. Both profits of booms and losses from depression are part of the process of development. There is a distinction between the processes of creating a new productive apparatus and the process of merely operating it once it is created. Development is effected by the entrepreneur, who guides the diversion of the factors of production into new combinations for better use; by recasting the productive process, including the introduction of new machinery, and producing products at less expense, the entrepreneur creates a surplus, which he claims as profit. The entrepreneur requires capital, which is found in the money market, and for which the entrepreneur pays interest. The entrepreneur creates a model for others to follow, and the appearance of numerous new entrepreneurs causes depressions as the system struggles to achieve a new equilibrium. The entrepreneurial profit then vanishes in the vortex of competition; the stage is set for new combinations. Risk is not part of the entrepreneurial function; risk falls on the provider of capital. (TNM).
Download or read book Risk Uncertainty and Profit written by Frank H. Knight and published by . This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk, Uncertainty, and Profit is a groundbreaking work of economic theory, distinguishing between risk, which is by nature measurable and quantifiable, and uncertainty, which can be neither be measured nor quantified. We begin with an analysis of the functions of profit, risk and uncertainty in the economy. Frank H. Knight introduces his work with a discussion on profit and how there are conflicts about its nature between various economic theorists. As the title implies, the author's chief concern is the interplay between making a profit, incurring risk, and determining if there is uncertainty. Risks are different from uncertainty in that they can be measured and protected against. For example a location chosen for a factory or farm may have a measured risk of flooding in a given year. Businesses, insurers and investors alike can be made aware of this, and behave according to the quantified risk.
Download or read book A Critique of Economic Theory written by E. K. Hunt and published by Penguin (Non-Classics). This book was released on 1972 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critique of mainstream capitalist economics and economic theories, comprising selected economic research essays primarily oriented toward Marxism and socialism - includes sections on (1) historical descriptions of the rise of the neo-classical school, (2) mystification and the evasion of social reality, (3) the capital controversy and income distribution, (4) values, prices and profits in commodity society, (5) the role of the State in monopoly capitalism. Bibliography and references.
