Download or read book Prediction of Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Organic Polymeric Materials written by 王立行 and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solubility in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide written by Ram B. Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-12-06 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluid extraction is an environmentally safe and cost-effective alternative to traditional organic solvents. Carbon dioxide is widely used as the solvent of choice for applications such as caffeine and nicotine extraction due to its mild critical temperature, nontoxicity, nonflammability, and low cost. Introducing the most complete col
Download or read book Advanced Supercritical Fluids Technologies written by Igor Pioro and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-05-20 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using SuperCritical Fluids (SCFs) in various processes is not new, because Mother Nature has been processing minerals in aqueous solutions at critical and supercritical pressures for billions of years. Somewhere in the 20th century, SCFs started to be used in various industries as working fluids, coolants, chemical agents, etc. Written by an international team of experts and complete with the latest research, development, and design, Advanced Supercritical Fluids Technologies is a unique technical book, completely dedicated to modern and advanced applications of supercritical fluids in various industries.Advanced Supercritical Fluids Technologies provides engineers and specialists in various industries dealing with SCFs as well as researchers, scientists, and students of the corresponding departments with a comprehensive overview of the current status, latest trends and developments of these technologies.Dr Igor Pioro is a professor at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Canada, and the Founding Editor of the ASME Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science.
Download or read book Supercritical Fluid Technology for Drug Product Development written by Peter York and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-03-23 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interconnecting the fundamentals of supercritical fluid (SCF) technologies, their current and anticipated utility in drug delivery, and process engineering advances from related methodological domains and pharmaceutical applications, this volume unlocks the potential of supercritical fluids to further the development of improved pharmaceutical products-from drug powders for respiratory delivery to drug delivery systems for controlled release.
Download or read book Analysis of Pharmaceutical polymer Solid Dispersions Roduced by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide assisted Techniques written by Maren L. Seibold and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: In the pharmaceutical industry, the production of solid dispersions is generally accepted as a method to enhance the oral bioavailability of drugs with low aqueous solubility. Two processes commonly employed to create solid dispersions are examined in this research. The first technique dissolves the drug and carrier in a common organic solvent and is followed by a solvent-removal operation. The second method processes both the drug and polymer in a high-pressure mixer with supercritical carbon dioxide. This method is intended to simulate the temperature and pressure conditions of carbon dioxide-assisted hot-melt extrusion. Organic solvent-based solid dispersion formulation techniques are accompanied by environmental challenges, due to disposal of the solvent, and are generally more costly than extrusion applications. However, the application of hot-melt extrusion technologies has been limited due to the temperature-sensitive nature of the drugs and the high processing temperatures associated with the extrusion process. The inclusion of supercritical fluids, such as carbon dioxide, in the polymer-melt extrusion method has proved to significantly lower processing temperatures, thereby extending the technique to thermo-labile compounds. Yet the properties of solid dispersions created in this manner have traditionally been unpredictable. This study systematically analyzes the properties of solid dispersions formulated by supercritical carbon dioxide-assisted techniques and compares these characteristics to those of solid dispersions created using the organic-solvent method. Composite samples of 4-aminosalicylic acid, a sample drug compound, and eudragit E100, an acrylate block copolymer, were formulated using both the organic solvent method and a carbon dioxide-assisted high-pressure mixing process. Due to the costly nature of the drug and polymer, the high-pressure mixer approach was employed to simulate extruder conditions in a batch operation and characterize the suitability of materials for extrusion. Drug-polymer composites were made using the organic-solvent method. The processing temperature of these samples was kept low so that it could be used as a standard to examine the effects of heat. In the high-pressure mixer technique, the same ratio of drug-polymer was processed with supercritical carbon dioxide. Process temperatures and carbon dioxide pressures were varied. Samples from each method were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to measure thermal properties and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to examine drug-polymer interactions and dispersion properties. High-pressure differential scanning calorimetry (HPDSC) was further utilized to examine the morphology of the composites while in equilibrium with carbon dioxide. Results of this study examine the use of a high-pressure mixer to simulate extrusion conditions and distinguish between composites made by organic solvent and supercritical carbon dioxide-assisted processes.
Download or read book Sustainable Nanoscale Engineering written by Gyorgy Szekely and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-09-18 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Nanoscale Engineering: From Materials Design to Chemical Processing presents the latest on the design of nanoscale materials and their applications in sustainable chemical production processes. The newest achievements of materials science, in particular nanomaterials, opened new opportunities for chemical engineers to design more efficient, safe, compact and environmentally benign processes. These materials include metal-organic frameworks, graphene, membranes, imprinted polymers, polymers of intrinsic microporosity, nanoparticles, and nanofilms, to name a few. Topics discussed include gas separation, CO2 sequestration, continuous processes, waste valorization, catalytic processes, bioengineering, pharmaceutical manufacturing, supercritical CO2 technology, sustainable energy, molecular imprinting, graphene, nature inspired chemical engineering, desalination, and more. - Describes new, efficient and environmentally accepted processes for nanomaterials design - Includes a large array of materials, such as metal-organic frameworks, graphene, imprinted polymers, and more - Explores the contribution of these materials in the development of sustainable chemical processes
Download or read book Hansen Solubility Parameters written by Charles M. Hansen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-06-15 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) are used to predict molecular affinities, solubility, and solubility-related phenomena. Revised and updated throughout, Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook, Second Edition features the three Hansen solubility parameters for over 1200 chemicals and correlations for over 400 materials including p
Download or read book Hansen Solubility Parameters written by Charles M. Hansen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charles Hansen began his work with solvents in 1962, and almost immediately began producing new and groundbreaking results. Since then, his Hansen Solubility Parameters have been extensively used and proven valuable to a variety of industries, including coatings, adhesives, plastics, protective clothing, and environmental protection. They allow correlations and systematic comparisons previously not possible, such as polymer solubility, swelling and permeation, surface wetting and dewetting, the solubility of organic salts, and many biological applications. Until now, however, their seemingly universal ability to predict molecular affinities has been generally taken as semiempirical. Moving beyond the Hildebrand and Flory theories, Hansen found that his approach not only quantitatively describes hydrogen bonding and polar bonding in many types of systems, but in fact agrees with and extends the very general Prigogine theory. This explains why the correlations all seem to fit with an apparently "universal" 4: it results from the validity of applying the geometric mean rule to describe dispersion, permanent dipole-permanent dipole, and hydrogen bonding interaction in mixtures of unlike molecules. Hansen Solubility Parameters provides new tables of previously unpublished correlations and parameters. The author illuminates his text with practical examples related to coatings, biological systems, pigments, and fibers, and takes a general approach that makes this reference ideal for predicting compatibility, adsorption on surfaces, orientation toward materials of similar affinities (self-assembly), and other phenomena associated with solubility and affinity. Chemists, chemical engineers, and biochemists will find this book-the collected work and experience of the father of its concept-intriguing for its theory and invaluable for its data.
Download or read book Environmentally Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors written by Chandrabhan Verma and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-09-15 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmentally Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors: Fundamentals and Industrial Applications covers the latest research developments in environmentally friendly, sustainable corrosion inhibitors. The book addresses the fundamental characteristics, synthesis, characterization and mechanisms of corrosion inhibitors. In addition, it presents a chronological overview of the growth of the field, with numerous examples of its broad-ranging industrial applications in a.o. food, the environment, electronics, and the oil and gas industries. The book concludes with discussions about commercialization and economics. This is an indispensable reference for chemical engineers and chemists working in R&D and academia who want to learn more about environmentally-friendly, sustainable corrosion inhibitors systems. - Explains how to use environmentally-friendly, sustainable corrosion inhibitors in modern industry and manufacturing - Promotes corrosion inhibitors as a prime option for sustainable and transformational opportunities - Provides up-to-date reference material, including websites of interest and information on the latest research
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Metrology and Testing written by Horst Czichos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-22 with total page 1244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Springer Handbook of Metrology and Testing presents the principles of Metrology – the science of measurement – and the methods and techniques of Testing – determining the characteristics of a given product – as they apply to chemical and microstructural analysis, and to the measurement and testing of materials properties and performance, including modelling and simulation. The principal motivation for this Handbook stems from the increasing demands of technology for measurement results that can be used globally. Measurements within a local laboratory or manufacturing facility must be able to be reproduced accurately anywhere in the world. The book integrates knowledge from basic sciences and engineering disciplines, compiled by experts from internationally known metrology and testing institutions, and academe, as well as from industry, and conformity-assessment and accreditation bodies. The Commission of the European Union has expressed this as there is no science without measurements, no quality without testing, and no global markets without standards.
Download or read book Handbook of Benzoxazine Resins written by Hatsuo Ishida and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-13 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a wide overview of the field, fundamental understanding of the synthetic methods and structure/property correlation, as well as studies related to applications in a wide range of subjects. The handbook also provides 1H and 13C NMR spectra, FTIR spectra, DSC and TGA thermograms to aid in research activities. Additional tables on key NMR and FTIR frequencies unique to benzoxazine, heat of polymerization, Tg, and char yield will greatly aid in the choice of proper benzoxazine for a specific application. - Provides thorough coverage of the chemistry and applications of benzoxazine resins with an evidence-based approach to enable chemists, engineers and material scientists to evaluate effectiveness - Features spectra, which allow researchers to compare results, avoid repetition and save time as well as tables on key NMR frequency, IR frequency, heat of polymerization, of many benzoxazine resins to aid them in selection of materials - Written by the foremost experts in the field
Download or read book Supercritical Fluids written by E. Kiran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluids are neither gas nor liquid, but can be compressed gradually from low to high density and they are therefore interesting and important as tunable solvents and reaction media in the chemical process industry. By adjusting the density the properties of these fluids can be customised and manipulated for a given process - physical or chemical transformation. Separation and processing using supercritical solvents such as CO2 are currently on-line commercially in the food, essential oils and polymer industries. Many agencies and industries are considering the use of supercritical water for waste remediation. Supercritical fluid chromatography represents another, major analytical application. Significant advances have recently been made in materials processing, ranging from particle formation to the creation of porous materials. The chapters in this book provide tutorial accounts of topical areas centred around: (1) phase equilibria, thermodynamics and equations of state; (2) critical behaviour, crossover effects; (3) transport and interfacial properties; (4) molecular modelling, computer simulation; (5) reactions, spectroscopy; (6) phase separation kinetics; (7) extractions; (8) applications to polymers, pharmaceuticals, natural materials and chromatography; (9) process scale-up.
Download or read book Trends of Data Science and Applications written by Siddharth Swarup Rautaray and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-21 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes an extended version of selected papers presented at the 11th Industry Symposium 2021 held during January 7–10, 2021. The book covers contributions ranging from theoretical and foundation research, platforms, methods, applications, and tools in all areas. It provides theory and practices in the area of data science, which add a social, geographical, and temporal dimension to data science research. It also includes application-oriented papers that prepare and use data in discovery research. This book contains chapters from academia as well as practitioners on big data technologies, artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, data representation and visualization, business analytics, healthcare analytics, bioinformatics, etc. This book is helpful for the students, practitioners, researchers as well as industry professional.
Download or read book Natural Extracts Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide written by Mamata Mukhopadhyay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-06-27 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesizing research from a wide variety of sources, this work offers a convenient guide to a clean, safe, inexpensive, non-toxic, non-polluting solvent that performs better than most conventional solvents. Natural Extracts Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide reviews recent developments in the technology and its applications to the food, flavor, fragrance, and pharmaceutical industries. It outlines the many advantages that this method has over traditional methods like steam distillation, solvent extraction, and molecular distillation, and it supports the popular trend toward the use of natural products in these industries.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid Phase Equilibria written by John M. Prausnitz and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 1998-10-22 with total page 1150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classic guide to mixtures, completely updated with new models, theories, examples, and data. Efficient separation operations and many other chemical processes depend upon a thorough understanding of the properties of gaseous and liquid mixtures. Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria, Third Edition is a systematic, practical guide to interpreting, correlating, and predicting thermodynamic properties used in mixture-related phase-equilibrium calculations. Completely updated, this edition reflects the growing maturity of techniques grounded in applied statistical thermodynamics and molecular simulation, while relying on classical thermodynamics, molecular physics, and physical chemistry wherever these fields offer superior solutions. Detailed new coverage includes: Techniques for improving separation processes and making them more environmentally friendly. Theoretical concepts enabling the description and interpretation of solution properties. New models, notably the lattice-fluid and statistical associated-fluid theories. Polymer solutions, including gas-polymer equilibria, polymer blends, membranes, and gels. Electrolyte solutions, including semi-empirical models for solutions containing salts or volatile electrolytes. Coverage also includes: fundamentals of classical thermodynamics of phase equilibria; thermodynamic properties from volumetric data; intermolecular forces; fugacities in gas and liquid mixtures; solubilities of gases and solids in liquids; high-pressure phase equilibria; virial coefficients for quantum gases; and much more. Throughout, Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria strikes a perfect balance between empirical techniques and theory, and is replete with useful examples and experimental data. More than ever, it is the essential resource for engineers, chemists, and other professionals working with mixtures and related processes.
Download or read book Multifunctional Polymeric Foams written by Soney C. George and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-03-24 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymeric foams or cellular or expanded polymers have characteristics that makes their usage possible for several industrial and household purposes. This book is focused on the recent advancements in the synthesis of polymer foams, various foaming methods, foaming technology, mechanical and physical properties, and the wide variety of its applications. Divided into 11 chapters, it explains empirical models connecting the geometrical structure of foams with their properties including structure-property relations. This book: Describes functional foams, their manufacturing methods, properties, and applications. Covers various blowing agents, greener methods for foaming, and their emerging applicability. Illustrates comparative information regarding polymeric foams and their recent developments with polymer nanocomposite foams. Includes applications in mechanical, civil, biomedical, food packaging, electronics, health care industry, and acoustics fields. Reviews elastomeric foams and their nanocomposite derivatives. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in materials science, mechanical engineering, and polymer science.
