Download or read book Physics Astronomy and Engineering Critical Problems in the History of Science and Society written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hypotheses and Perspectives in the History and Philosophy of Science written by Raffaele Pisano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-23 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To commemorate the 50th anniversary of his passing (in 2014), this special book features studies on Alexandre Koyré (1892–1964), one of the most influential historians of science of the 20th century, who re-evaluated prevalent thinking on the history and philosophy of science. In particular, it explores Koyré’s intellectual matrix and heritage within interdisciplinary fields of historical, epistemological and philosophical scientific thought. Koyré is rightly noted as both a versatile historian on the birth and development of modern science and for his interest in philosophical questions on the nature of scientific knowledge. In the 1940s and 1950s his activities in the United States established a crucial bridge between the European historical tradition of science studies and the American academic environments, and an entire generation of historians of science grew up under his direct influence. The book brings together contributions from leading experts in the field, and offers much-needed insights into the subject from historical, nature of science, and philosophical perspectives. It provides an absorbing and revealing read for historians, philosophers and scientists alike.
Download or read book Robot Design written by Giuseppe Carbone and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an attempt to address this wide topic with a multi-disciplinary approach. Nowadays, robotics is developing at a much faster pace than ever in the past, both inside and outside industrial environments. While other publications focus on describing the theoretical basis of robot motion, this book pays special attention to explain the fundamentals through real applications. Thus, it represents a perfect combination for studying this topic along with other theoretical books. Each chapter has been authored by experts in specific areas spanning from the mechanics of machinery to control theory, informatics, mechatronics. Chapters have been divided into two sections. The first one is aiming to give a theoretical background. The second section is focused on applications. This book project can be foreseen as a reference for young professionals/researchers to overview the most significant aspects in robotics.
Download or read book Model Based Reasoning in Science and Technology written by Ángel Nepomuceno-Fernández and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses how scientific and other types of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important and innovative changes in theories and concepts. Gathering revised contributions presented at the international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR18), held on October 24–26 2018 in Seville, Spain, the book is divided into three main parts. The first focuses on models, reasoning, and representation. It highlights key theoretical concepts from an applied perspective, and addresses issues concerning information visualization, experimental methods, and design. The second part goes a step further, examining abduction, problem solving, and reasoning. The respective papers assess different types of reasoning, and discuss various concepts of inference and creativity and their relationship with experimental data. In turn, the third part reports on a number of epistemological and technological issues. By analyzing possible contradictions in modern research and describing representative case studies, this part is intended to foster new discussions and stimulate new ideas. All in all, the book provides researchers and graduate students in the fields of applied philosophy, epistemology, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence alike with an authoritative snapshot of the latest theories and applications of model-based reasoning.
Download or read book Distinguished Figures in Descriptive Geometry and Its Applications for Mechanism Science written by Michela Cigola and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-27 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consists of chapters that focus specifically on single figures that worked on Descriptive Geometry and also in Mechanisms Sciences and contain biographical notes, a survey of their work and their achievements, together with a modern interpretation of their legacy. Since Vitruvius in ancient times, and with Brunelleschi in the Renaissance, the two disciplines began to share a common direction which, over the centuries, took shape through less well-known figures until the more recent times in which Gaspard Monge worked. Over the years, a gap has been created between Descriptive Geometry and Mechanism Science, which now appear to belong to different worlds. In reality, however, there is a very close relationship between the two disciplines, with a link based on extremely solid foundations. Without the theoretical foundations of Geometry it would not be possible to draw and design mechanical parts such as gears, while in Kinematics it would be less easy to design and predict the reciprocal movements of parts in a complex mechanical assembly.
Download or read book Fourteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting The On Recent Developments In Theoretical And Experimental General Relativity Astrophysics And Relativistic Field Theories Proceedings Of The Mg14 Meeting On General Relativity In 4 Parts written by Massimo Bianchi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 4784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The four volumes of the proceedings of MG14 give a broad view of all aspects of gravitational physics and astrophysics, from mathematical issues to recent observations and experiments. The scientific program of the meeting included 35 morning plenary talks over 6 days, 6 evening popular talks and 100 parallel sessions on 84 topics over 4 afternoons.Volume A contains plenary and review talks ranging from the mathematical foundations of classical and quantum gravitational theories including recent developments in string theory, to precision tests of general relativity including progress towards the detection of gravitational waves, and from supernova cosmology to relativistic astrophysics, including topics such as gamma ray bursts, black hole physics both in our galaxy and in active galactic nuclei in other galaxies, and neutron star, pulsar and white dwarf astrophysics.The remaining volumes include parallel sessions which touch on dark matter, neutrinos, X-ray sources, astrophysical black holes, neutron stars, white dwarfs, binary systems, radiative transfer, accretion disks, quasars, gamma ray bursts, supernovas, alternative gravitational theories, perturbations of collapsed objects, analog models, black hole thermodynamics, numerical relativity, gravitational lensing, large scale structure, observational cosmology, early universe models and cosmic microwave background anisotropies, inhomogeneous cosmology, inflation, global structure, singularities, chaos, Einstein-Maxwell systems, wormholes, exact solutions of Einstein's equations, gravitational waves, gravitational wave detectors and data analysis, precision gravitational measurements, quantum gravity and loop quantum gravity, quantum cosmology, strings and branes, self-gravitating systems, gamma ray astronomy, cosmic rays and the history of general relativity.
Download or read book Freehand architectural drawing Urban sketching written by Emanuela Chiavoni and published by Sapienza Università Editrice. This book was released on 2022-02-21 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The programme objective is to provide students with the first basic tools to understand the world’s Architectural Cultural Heritage. The course teaches the methodologies for the representation of architecture and landscape and the graphic systems to communicate the beauty of typical cultural scenarios and to use traditional and innovative graphic techniques. Students must learn not only the geometric code required to consciously represent existing and imaginary forms, but will also study in-depth the geometric, proportional and perceptive tools that will allow them to manipulate those forms. Students will acquire the manual skills needed to become proficient in the use of the simpler and more direct graphic techniques thanks to multiple exercises in free-hand drawing and line drawing, with a particular focus on chromatic aspects. Students will also be taught the basic notions of the Fundamentals of the Geometry of Representation.
Download or read book Teaching fashion An introduction written by Romana Andò and published by Edizioni Nuova Cultura. This book was released on 2020 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of contributions was created to prove both the complexity of the contemporary fashion system as well as the richness and openness of an interdisciplinary approach to the field, that is the same that inspires the Master programme in Fashion Studies at Sapienza, University of Rome. All the authors – either scholars or professionals in their fields – are deeply involved in this educational project and they have conceived each contribution as a pedagogic tool for supporting students in better understanding the social, cultural, economic, technological, creative, environmental aspects of fashion. Therefore, this collection aimed at providing readers with a kaleidoscopic approach, a multitude of voices and perspectives; a set of blended methodologies as well as theories that try to address the challenges of the permanent and accelerating transformations of the fashion system. To understand the future of fashion we have to foster creative as well as critical thinking, working on the knowledge we got from the past and identifying changes in advance, in order to be ready – and prepared – for the challenges that are in front of us.
Download or read book Critical Problems in Physics written by Val L. Fitch and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1997-11-16 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this text, a group of scientists define and elaborate on possible new directions in physics that will take place in the next century and increase understanding of the natural world. Topics discussed include string physics, the future of particle physics and neutrino oscillations.
Download or read book Lazare and Sadi Carnot written by Charles Coulston Gillispie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lazare Carnot was the unique example in the history of science of someone who inadvertently owed the scientific recognition he eventually achieved to earlier political prominence. He and his son Sadi produced work that derived from their training as engineering and went largely unnoticed by physicists for a generation or more, even though their respective work introduced concepts that proved fundamental when taken up later by other hands. There was, moreover, a filial as well as substantive relation between the work of father and son. Sadi applied to the functioning of heat engines the analysis that his father had developed in his study of the operation of ordinary machines. Specifically, Sadi's idea of a reversible process originated in the use his father made of geometric motions in the analysis of machines in general. This unique book shows how the two Carnots influenced each other in their work in the fields of mechanics and thermodynamics and how future generations of scientists have further benefited from their work.
Download or read book The Continuum of Mental Disorders and Unitary Psychosis written by Mauricio Viotti Daker and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a thorough investigation of Griesinger, Kahlbaum, and Kraepelin’s foundational works in psychiatry. It offers an admirable opportunity to understand their achievements and thoughts, and its historical character makes it accessible to a wide range of readers interested in mental health. The analysis of continuities and discontinuities in their described mental disorders illuminates the current classification and diagnosis debate in psychiatry. This analysis comprises etiologic explanations and methodological grounds for each author’s classification. Implying an interrelation among the disorders, the unitary psychosis allows or demands a comprehensive mental disorder view, which includes the person. In this respect, other psychopathologists are also investigated in this book, and process philosophy is introduced, suggesting a fertile framework for psychopathology. According to German Berrios in his Preface, the book offers a new perspective on the nature and meaning of the concept of unitary psychosis.
Download or read book The Oxford Guide to the History of Physics and Astronomy written by John L. Heilbron and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-06-03 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With over 150 alphabetically arranged entries about key scientists, concepts, discoveries, technological innovations, and learned institutions, the Oxford Guide to Physics and Astronomy traces the history of physics and astronomy from the Renaissance to the present. For students, teachers, historians, scientists, and readers of popular science books such as Galileo's Daughter, this guide deciphers the methods and philosophies of physics and astronomy as well as the historical periods from which they emerged. Meant to serve the lay reader and the professional alike, this book can be turned to for the answer to how scientists learned to measure the speed of light, or consulted for neat, careful summaries of topics as complicated as quantum field theory and as vast as the universe. The entries, each written by a noted scholar and edited by J. L. Heilbron, Professor of History and Vice Chancellor, Emeritus, University of California, Berkeley, reflect the most up-to-date research and discuss the applications of the scientific disciplines to the wider world of religion, law, war, art and literature. No other source on these two branches of science is as informative or as inviting. Thoroughly cross-referenced and accented by dozens of black and white illustrations, the Oxford Guide to Physics and Astronomy is the source to turn to for anyone looking for a quick explanation of alchemy, x-rays and any type of matter or energy in between.
Download or read book Reader s Guide to the History of Science written by Arne Hessenbruch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 965 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Reader's Guide to the History of Science looks at the literature of science in some 550 entries on individuals (Einstein), institutions and disciplines (Mathematics), general themes (Romantic Science) and central concepts (Paradigm and Fact). The history of science is construed widely to include the history of medicine and technology as is reflected in the range of disciplines from which the international team of 200 contributors are drawn.
Download or read book New Worlds New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-02-04 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driven by discoveries, and enabled by leaps in technology and imagination, our understanding of the universe has changed dramatically during the course of the last few decades. The fields of astronomy and astrophysics are making new connections to physics, chemistry, biology, and computer science. Based on a broad and comprehensive survey of scientific opportunities, infrastructure, and organization in a national and international context, New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics outlines a plan for ground- and space- based astronomy and astrophysics for the decade of the 2010's. Realizing these scientific opportunities is contingent upon maintaining and strengthening the foundations of the research enterprise including technological development, theory, computation and data handling, laboratory experiments, and human resources. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics proposes enhancing innovative but moderate-cost programs in space and on the ground that will enable the community to respond rapidly and flexibly to new scientific discoveries. The book recommends beginning construction on survey telescopes in space and on the ground to investigate the nature of dark energy, as well as the next generation of large ground-based giant optical telescopes and a new class of space-based gravitational observatory to observe the merging of distant black holes and precisely test theories of gravity. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics recommends a balanced and executable program that will support research surrounding the most profound questions about the cosmos. The discoveries ahead will facilitate the search for habitable planets, shed light on dark energy and dark matter, and aid our understanding of the history of the universe and how the earliest stars and galaxies formed. The book is a useful resource for agencies supporting the field of astronomy and astrophysics, the Congressional committees with jurisdiction over those agencies, the scientific community, and the public.
Download or read book BIG BANG PROBLEMS written by Bobby McGehee and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2014-10-17 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cosmology: Scientific Study of the Universe For thousands of years, humankind has gazed up into the heavens at the beautiful Milky Way galaxy and pondered “From where did it come?” Over the years, as more knowledge was acquired, our views of the universe have changed. Our thinking has evolved from a belief that the Earth was flat, and then it was thought the Earth was the center of the universe. Then the misinterpretation of redshift gave the appearance that everything erupted from a single point. Thinking evolved to the idea of a big bang belief that everywhere is the center of the universe and it is expanding without limit. Now again, we have reached dogma. Scientific thinkers recognize the big bang theory has serious credibility problems. It is now proved and recognized that the big bang concept was inferred from misinterpretation of redshift observations first acquired in the early 1910s at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona. The big bang theory was concocted before positron/electron combination ‘positroniums’ were known. These smallest of atoms were discovered in the 1930s and not understood until the 1950s. Positroniums have a tremendous amount of energy, and when their positrons and electrons come into contact, they annihilate, the conversion of all their mass into energy that is evolving into all the mass and energy in the universe. The initial annihilation started the cascading at what is now the center of the universe. It is a huge void in the Eridanus constellation, about 10 billion light-years from Earth. Now, we have a provable scientific explanation. Finally, it all makes sense without myth.
Download or read book Essay on Machines in General 1786 written by Raffaele Pisano and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers insights relevant to modern history and epistemology of physics, mathematics and, indeed, to all the sciences and engineering disciplines emerging of 19th century. This research volume is the first of a set of three Springer books on Lazare Nicolas Marguérite Carnot’s (1753–1823) remarkable work: Essay on Machines in General (Essai sur les machines en général [1783] 1786). The other two forthcoming volumes are: Principes fondamentaux de l’équilibre et du mouvement (1803) and Géométrie de position (1803). Lazare Carnot – l'organisateur de la victoire – in Essai sur le machine en général (1786) assumed that the generalization of machines was a necessity for society and its economic development. Subsequently, his new coming science applied to machines attracted considerable interest for technician, as well, already in the 1780’s. With no lack in rigour, Carnot used geometric and trigonometric rather than algebraic arguments, and usually went on to explain in words what the formulae contained. His main physical– mathematical concepts were the Geometric motion and Moment of activity–concept of Work . In particular, he found the invariants of the transmission of motion (by stating the principle of the moment of the quantity of motion) and theorized the condition of the maximum efficiency of mechanical machines (i.e., principle of continuity in the transmission of power). While the core theme remains the theories and historical studies of the text, the book contains an extensive Introduction and an accurate critical English Translation – including the parallel text edition and substantive critical/explicative notes – of Essai sur les machines en général (1786). The authors offer much-needed insight into the relation between mechanics, mathematics and engineering from a conceptual, empirical and methodological, and universalis point of view. As a cutting–edge writing by leading authorities on the history of physics and mathematics, and epistemological aspects, it appeals to historians, epistemologist–philosophers and scientists (physicists, mathematicians and applied sciences and technology).
Download or read book To Quarks and Quasars written by Robert T. Lagemann and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
